Recent Developments on Seismic PRA

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Coman ◽  
Justin Onisoru
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Seismic Model ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Earthquake Scenario ◽  
State Fragility ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
External Events ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
Selection Of

Recent developments of the Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) applications have tendency to use one integrated model for Level 1 both internal and external events. In this approach external events logic models are mapped on internal model. Some relevant aspects related to selection of seismic initiating events, seismic sequences, seismic basic events, fragility analysis, development of seismic logic model and seismic quantification are discussed in the paper. Development of seismic model mapped on internal PRA model may require to define seismic basic events (and associated switches) that may replace a group of internal basic events (at the level of system function or top event). Seismic fragility task is very resource intensive especially for high quality SPRA. When more than one seismic scenario is used significant effort can be saved by scaling fragility parameters developed for one earthquake scenario to correspond to the other earthquake scenario. The paper presents some tools developed by the authors capable to perform damage state fragility calculations and fragility scaling.

Oxford Studies in Metaethics Volume 15

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Moral Realism ◽  
Ethical Theory ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Moral Explanation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Selection Of

This series is devoted to original philosophical work in the foundations of ethics. It provides an annual selection of much of the best new scholarship being done in the field. Its broad purview includes work being done at the intersection of ethical theory and metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The chapters included in the series provide a basis for understanding recent developments in the field. Chapters in this volume explore topics including the nature of reasons, the tenability of moral realism, moral explanation and grounding, and a variety of epistemological challenges.

scholarly journals Microbial Electrochemical Systems: Principles, Construction and Biosensing Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Rabeay Y.A. Hassan ◽  
Ferdinando Febbraio ◽  
Silvana Andreescu
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Electrochemical Systems ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Microbial Electrochemical Systems ◽  
Selection Of

Microbial electrochemical systems are a fast emerging technology that use microorganisms to harvest the chemical energy from bioorganic materials to produce electrical power. Due to their flexibility and the wide variety of materials that can be used as a source, these devices show promise for applications in many fields including energy, environment and sensing. Microbial electrochemical systems rely on the integration of microbial cells, bioelectrochemistry, material science and electrochemical technologies to achieve effective conversion of the chemical energy stored in organic materials into electrical power. Therefore, the interaction between microorganisms and electrodes and their operation at physiological important potentials are critical for their development. This article provides an overview of the principles and applications of microbial electrochemical systems, their development status and potential for implementation in the biosensing field. It also provides a discussion of the recent developments in the selection of electrode materials to improve electron transfer using nanomaterials along with challenges for achieving practical implementation, and examples of applications in the biosensing field.

scholarly journals Recent advances in the electrochemical construction of heterocycles

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2858-2873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Francke
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Heterocyclic Chemistry ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Strong Acids ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Due to the fact that the major portion of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals contains heterocyclic units and since the overall number of commercially used heterocyclic compounds is steadily growing, heterocyclic chemistry remains in the focus of the synthetic community. Enormous efforts have been made in the last decades in order to render the production of such compounds more selective and efficient. However, most of the conventional methods for the construction of heterocyclic cores still involve the use of strong acids or bases, the operation at elevated temperatures and/or the use of expensive catalysts and reagents. In this regard, electrosynthesis can provide a milder and more environmentally benign alternative. In fact, numerous examples for the electrochemical construction of heterocycles have been reported in recent years. These cases demonstrate that ring formation can be achieved efficiently under ambient conditions without the use of additional reagents. In order to account for the recent developments in this field, a selection of representative reactions is presented and discussed in this review.

Digital platforms under fire: What Australia can learn from recent developments in Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
Samson Esayas ◽  
Dan Svantesson
Keyword(s):  
Court Decision ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Selection Of

There is a clear trend of a hardening attitude towards digital platforms. In Australia this trend is exemplified by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission’s current inquiry specifically into digital platforms. Further, it can also be seen in court decisions. Having discussed one such court decision, we give a brief overview of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission’s digital platforms inquiry. We then seek to bring attention to a selection of particularly relevant European developments that may usefully inform how Australia proceeds in this arena and that may be considered in the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission’s final report due to be provided to the Treasurer on 3 June 2019.

scholarly journals A Review of Integrated On-Board EV Battery Chargers: Advanced Topologies, Recent Developments and Optimal Selection of FSCW Slot/Pole Combination

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 85216-85242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Y. Metwly ◽  
Mahmoud S. Abdel-Majeed ◽  
Ayman S. Abdel-Khalik ◽  
Ragi A. Hamdy ◽  
Mostafa S. Hamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Selection ◽  
Battery Chargers ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals The efficient synthesis of 1-deoxymannojirimycin and its derivatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Benjamin Mark Mandinka Deeble
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Lysosomal Storage Diseases ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Azasugars are structural analogues of carbohydrates whereby the oxygen in the heterocyclic ring is substituted for a nitrogen. These carbohydrates are an important class of compounds with medicinal bioactivities and have shown potential for the treatment of diabetes, viral-infection, cancers, and lysosomal storage diseases. 1-deoxymannojirimycin (DMJ), is a mannosidase inhibiting azasugar which has shown anti-cancer and anti-viral activity. There has been significant effort put towards developing methodology to produce this compound and libraries of its derivatives. This thesis presents the synthesis of DMJ and a selection of its derivatives via an efficient 4 step methodology from a carbohydrate starting material, exploiting chemo and regioselective reactions to allow for a total synthesis with minimal use of protecting groups. The synthesis of DMJ, using the methodology developed herein, surpasses published syntheses in efficiency. This synthetic strategy was then used for the preparation of N-functionalised DMJ derivatives without the requirement of additional synthetic steps. To illustrate the versatility of this methodology, a selection of derivatives incorporating different functionalities have been synthesised.</p>

scholarly journals Understanding Mental Health and Cognitive Restructuring With Ecological Neuroscience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Crum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Neuroimaging and neuropsychological methods have contributed much toward an understanding of the information processing systems of the human brain in the last few decades, but to what extent do cognitive neuroscientific findings represent and generalize to the inter- and intra-brain dynamics engaged in adapting to naturalistic situations? If it is not marked, and experimental designs lack ecological validity, then this stands to potentially impact the practical applications of a paradigm. In no other domain is this more important to acknowledge than in human clinical neuroimaging research, wherein reduced ecological validity could mean a loss in clinical utility. One way to improve the generalizability and representativeness of findings is to adopt a more “real-world” approach to the development and selection of experimental designs and neuroimaging techniques to investigate the clinically-relevant phenomena of interest. For example, some relatively recent developments to neuroimaging techniques such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) make it possible to create experimental designs using naturalistic tasks that would otherwise not be possible within the confines of a conventional laboratory. Mental health, cognitive interventions, and the present challenges to investigating the brain during treatment are discussed, as well as how the ecological use of fNIRS might be helpful in bridging the explanatory gaps to understanding the cultivation of mental health.

scholarly journals Exploring the potential for collaborative use of an app-based platform for n-of-1 trials among healthcare professionals that treat patients with insomnia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Bobe ◽  
Jessica K. De Freitas ◽  
Benjamin S. Glicksberg
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Data Driven Decisions ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractBackgroundN-of-1 trials are single patient, multiple crossover, comparative effectiveness experiments. Despite their rating as “level 1” evidence, they are not routinely used in clinical medicine to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments.ObjectiveWe explored the potential for implementing a mobile app-based n-of-1 trial platform for collaborative use by clinicians and patients to support data-driven decisions around the treatment of insomnia.MethodsA survey assessing awareness and utilization of n-of-1 trials was administered to healthcare professionals that frequently treat patients with insomnia at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. 1M electronic health records were analyzed to evaluate evidence for a comorbid relationship between insomnia and dementia or Alzheimer’s disease among a patient population that may benefit from n-of-1 trials for the selection of optimal sleep treatments.ResultsA total of 45 healthcare professionals completed the survey and were included in the analysis. We found that 64% of healthcare professionals surveyed had not heard of n-of-1 trials. After a brief description of these methods, 75% of healthcare professionals reported that they are likely or highly likely to use an app-based n-of-1 trial at least once in the next year if the service were free and easy to offer to their patients.ConclusionsAn app-based n-of-1 trials platform might be a valuable tool for clinicians and patients to identify the best treatments for insomnia. Educational interventions that raise awareness and provide training are also likely necessary. The electronic health record (EHR) may help identify eligible patients.

scholarly journals Punk, DIY, and Anarchy in Archaeological Thought and Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Punk Rock ◽  
Contemporary Archaeology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Anarchist Theory

Recent developments in archaeological thought and practice involve a seemingly disparate selection of ideas that can be collected and organized as contributing to an anti-authoritarian, “punk” archaeology. This includes the contemporary archaeology of punk rock, the DIY and punk ethos of archaeological labor practices and community involvement, and a growing interest in anarchist theory as a productive way to understand communities in the past. In this article, I provide a greater context to contemporary punk, DIY, and anarchist thought in academia, unpack these elements in regard to punk archaeology, and propose a practice of punk archaeology as a provocative and productive counter to fast capitalism and structural violence.

Seismic Fragility Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Service Life

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 2313-2316
Author(s):  
Li Li Yuan ◽  
Jian Min Wang ◽  
Neng Jun Wang ◽  
Wen Ting Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Fragility Curve ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Frames ◽  
Nonlinear Mechanical ◽  
Interstorey Drift ◽  
Definition Of

An analytical method to obtain the seismic fragility curve of reinforced concrete frames with service life was proposed in this paper. Considering the variation of nonlinear mechanical characteristics of un-carbonated concrete with service life, the seismic fragility curve of frames was developed based on the interstorey drift corner in the weak storey of frame structures. According to the damage state definition of frames, each seismic fragility curve reflects the probability tendency of the defined damage state happening in frames with service life. It is helpful for the seismic performance analysis of reinforced concrete frames to use the proposed method.

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