Theoretical and Experimental Analyses of Energy Efficient Air Dehumidification Systems for Tropical Climates Using Membrane Technology

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaw Khin ◽  
Kim Choon Ng
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Comsol Simulation ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

This paper presents the analytical and experimental analysis of a membrane based air-dehumidification system for handling the latent loads efficiently. This is important for tropical countries like Singapore where the humidity content of ambient air is high and therefore, air conditioning systems need to handle large latent load. A detailed COMSOL simulation model was set-up in order to simulate the water diffusion through the membrane. Experimental results from a real size membrane dehumidification unit are used to validate the mathematical model. Our investigations show that the moisture content of ambient air may be reduced by more than 5 g per kg of air if the dehumidification process is driven by the gradient between the water content of ambient air and the water content of exhaust air form air-conditioned spaces. With the exception of low electricity requirement for air transport, there is no electric energy consumption in the system. Therefore, the membrane system discussed in this paper is an efficient and alternative way of air dehumidification for air conditioning applications, potentially reducing the electricity consumption of air conditioning system in tropics.

scholarly journals AUDIT ENERGI PADA SEBUAH HOTEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Didik Ariwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Pumping System

Didik Ariwibowo, in this paper explain that energy audit activities conducted through several phases, namely: the initial audit, detailed audit, analysis of energy savings opportunities, and the proposed energy savings. Total energy consumed consists of electrical energy, fuel, and materials in this case is water. Electrical energy consumption data obtained from payment of electricity accounts for a year while consumption of fuel and water obtained from the payment of material procurement. From the calculation data, IKE hotels accounted for 420.867 kWh/m2.tahun, while the IKE standards for the hotel is 300 kWh/m2.tahun. Thus, IKE hotel included categorized wasteful in energy usage. The largest energy consumption on electric energy consumption. Largest electric energy consumption is on the air conditioning (AC-air conditioning) that is equal to 71.3%, and lighting and electrical equipment at 27.28%, and hot water supply system by 4.44%. Electrical energy consumption in AC looks very big. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the statutes, the profile of energy use by air conditioning at the hotel by 48.5%. With these considerations in the AC target for audit detail as the next phase of activity. The results of a detailed audit analysis to find an air conditioning system energy savings opportunities in pumping systems. Recommendations on these savings is the integration of automation on the pumping system and fan coil units (FCU). The principle of energy conservation in the pumping system is by installing variable speed drives (VSD) pump drive motor to adjust speed according to load on the FCU. Load variations FCU provide input on the VSD pumps to match. Adaptation is predicted pump can save electricity consumption up to 65.7%. Keywords: energy audit, IKE, AC

A dynamic model for human thermal comfort for smart building applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-483
Author(s):  
Ghezlane Halhoul Merabet ◽  
Mohamed Essaaidi ◽  
Driss Benhaddou
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
Local Quality ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Thermal comfort is closely related to the evaluation of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. It can be seen as the result of the perception of the occupants of a given environment, and it is the product of the interaction of a number of personal and environmental factors. Otherwise, comfort issues still do not play an important role in the daily operation of commercial buildings. However, in the workplace, local quality effects, in addition to the health, the productivity that has a significant impact on the performance of the activities. In this regard, researchers have conducted, for decades, investigations related to thermal comfort and indoor environments, which includes developing models and indices through experimentations to establish standards to evaluate comfort and factors and set-up parameters for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. However, to our best knowledge, most of the research work reported in the literature deals only with parameters that are not dynamically tracked. This work aims to propose a prototype for comfort measuring through a wireless sensor network and then presenting a model for thermal comfort prediction. The developed model can be used to set up a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system to meet the expected comfort level. In particular, the obtained results show that there is a strong correlation between users’ comfort and variables such as age, gender, and body mass index as a function of height and weight.

scholarly journals A multi-objective study on the operation of task/ambient air conditioning systems in subtropics

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 1880-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao Ning ◽  
Hao Jingyu ◽  
Pan Dongmei ◽  
Du Jing ◽  
Song Mengjie
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Objective Study

Test Facility for Absorber Specimens of Solar Tower Power Plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
Konstantin Geimer ◽  
Markus Sauerborn ◽  
Bernhard Hoffschmidt ◽  
Mark Schmitz ◽  
Joachim Göttsche
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Set Up ◽  
In The Beginning

The Solar-Institute Jülich (SIJ) has initiated the construction of the first and only German solar tower power plant and is now involved in the accompanying research. The power plant for experimental and demonstration purposes in the town of Jülich started supplying electric energy in the beginning of 2008. The central receiver plant features as central innovation an open volumetric receiver, consisting of porous ceramic elements that simultaneously absorb the concentrated sunlight and transfer the heat to ambient air passing through the pores so that an average temperature of 680°C is reached. The subsequent steam cycle generates up to 1.5 MWe. A main field of research at the SIJ is the optimization of the absorber structures. To analyze the capability of new absorber specimens a special test facility was developed and set up in the laboratory. A high-performance near-infrared radiator offers for single test samples a variable and repeatable beam with a power of up to 320 kW/m² peak. The temperatures achieved on the absorber surface can reach more than 1000°C. To suck ambient air through the open absorber - like on the tower - it is mounted on a special blower system. An overview about the test facility and some recent results will be presented.

scholarly journals Parallel Evolutionary Biclustering of Short-term Electric Energy Consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego P. Pinto-Roa ◽  
Hernán Medina ◽  
Federico Román ◽  
Miguel García-Torres ◽  
Federico Divina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
System A ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Computation Scheme ◽  
Significant Patterns

The discovery and description of patterns in electric energy consumption time series is fundamental for timely management of the system. A bicluster describes a subset of observation points in a time period in which a consumption pattern occurs as abrupt changes or instabilities homogeneously. Nevertheless, the pattern detection complexity increases with the number of observation points and samples of the study period. In this context, current bi-clustering techniques may not detect significant patterns given the increased search space. This study develops a parallel evolutionary computation scheme to find biclusters in electric energy. Numerical simulations show the benefits of the proposed approach, discovering significantly more electricity consumption patterns compared to a state-of-the-art non-parallel competitive algorithm.

scholarly journals Fuel and energy enterprises as objects of risk-oriented sanitary-epidemiologic surveillance

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
А.М. Andrishunas ◽  
◽  
S.V. Kleyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Potential Health Risk ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Risk Categories

The present research aims to provide analytical support for the risk-oriented model of sanitary-epidemiologic control over fuel and energy enterprises. The research task were to reveal the most common violations of sanitary-epidemiologic requirements by fuel and energy enterprises; to determine priority environmental indicators that should be included into a program of laboratory support for control and surveillance activities; to estimate actual impacts exerted by fuel and energy enterprises. We established that in 2020 there were totally more than 6 thousand economic entities that performed their activity in the sphere of “Electric energy, gas and steam supply; air conditioning”. Since fuel and energy enterprises tend to be located close to residential areas, violations in the sphere of ambient air protection (Clause 20) involve negative influence on a considerable number of people. In 2020 the greatest number of revealed violation regarding requirements to ambient air quality was registered for heat and power engineering enterprises in the Far East Federal District (FEFD), Siberian FD (SFD), Central FD (CFD), and Ural FD (UFD) and varied from 10.6 to 42.9 %. Average potential health risk (Rlav) per one economic entity amounted to 5.44∙10-4 for heat and power engineering. A share of economic entities dealing with this economic activity and assigned into extremely high and high (the 1st and 2nd accordingly) risk categories as per potential health risk amounts to 21.7 %. A scale of exposure (Mli) for economic entities operating in heat and power engineering can reach 930 thousand people. The greatest share of economic entities belonging to the 1st and 2nd risk categories as per potential health risk is registered in the SFD, Volga FD, CFD, UFD, and FEFD and amounts to 78.5 %. The greatest average potential health risk per one economic entity (Rlav) in the sphere of “Electric energy, gas and steam supply; air conditioning” was registered in the Siberian Federal District and amounted to 9.88∙10-4. The greatest numbers of economic entities operating in the sphere of “Electric energy, gas and steam supply; air conditioning” that belonged to the 1st and 2nd risk categories as per potential health risk are located in the Krasnoyarsk region (37.9 %), Kemerovo region (32.6 %), Tomsk and Omsk regions (29.7 % each).

scholarly journals ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СИСТЕМ КОНДИЦІЮВАННЯ ПОВІТРЯ ШЛЯХОМ РОЗПОДІЛУ ТЕПЛОВОГО НАВАНТАЖЕННЯ ЗА СТУПЕНЕВИМ ПРИНЦИПОМ

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Євген Іванович Трушляков ◽  
Микола Іванович Радченко ◽  
Андрій Миколайович Радченко ◽  
Сергій Георгійович Фордуй ◽  
Сергій Анатолійович Кантор ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Load ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Thermal Loads ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Maintaining the operation of refrigeration compressors in nominal or close modes by selecting a rational design thermal load and distributing it in response to the behavior of the current thermal load according to the current climatic conditions is one of the promising reserves for improving the energy efficiency of air conditioning systems, which implementation ensures maximum or close to it in the annual cooling production according to air conditioning duties. In general case, the total range of current thermal loads of any air-conditioning system includes a range of unstable loads caused by precooling of ambient air with significant fluctuations in the cooling capacity according to current climatic conditions, and a range of relatively stable cooling capacity expended for further lowering the air temperature from a certain threshold temperature to the final outlet temperature. If a range of stable thermal load can be provided within operating a conventional compressor in a mode close to nominal, then precooling the ambient air with significant fluctuations in thermal load requires adjusting the cooling capacity by using a variable speed compressor or using the excess of heat accumulated at reduced load. Such a stage principle of cooling ensures the operation of refrigerating machines matching the behavior of current thermal loads of any air-conditioning system, whether the central air conditioning system with ambient air procession in the central air conditioner or its combination with the local indoors recirculation air conditioning systems in the air-conditioning system. in essence, as combinations of subsystems – precooling of ambient air with the regulation of cooling capacity and subsequent cooling air to the mouth of the set point temperature under relatively stable thermal load.

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