Dynamic Response of 3D-Printed Bi-Material Structure Using Drop Weight Impact Test

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Ravindra Amin ◽  
Yi-Tang Kao ◽  
Bruce L. Tai ◽  
Jyhwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Silicone Elastomer ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
The Impact

Additive manufacturing has led to increasing number of applications that require complex geometries and multiple materials. This paper presented a bi-material structure (BMS) composed of a cushion matrix held by a 3D printed frame structure for an improved impact resistance. The study mainly focused on understanding the effects of structural topology and matrix material. Two matrix materials, silicone elastomer and polyurethane (PU) foam, were selected to impregnate into two different PLA frame structures. Drop weight impact test was carried out to measure the impact force and energy absorption. The results showed that the overall impact resistance was dominated by the frame, while the matrix reinforcement required proper structural interlocking mechanism and material matching. In the particular specimens of this study, PU foam led to more energy absorption and force bearing capacity of the structure than the silicone elastomer.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on the Impact Resistance of Carbon Fibers Reinforced Coral Concrete

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Liu ◽  
Jingkai Zhou ◽  
Xiaoyan Wen ◽  
Jianhua Guo ◽  
Xuanyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Initial Crack ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Parameter

In this study, the impact resistance of coral concrete with different carbon fiber (CF) dosages subjected to drop-weight impact test was investigated. For this purpose, three concrete strength grades (C20, C30, C40) and six CF dosages (0.0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by weight of the binder) were considered, and a total of 18 groups of carbon fibers reinforced coral concrete (CFRCC) were cast. For each group, eight specimens were tested following the drop-weight impact test suggested by CECS 13. Then, the two-parameter Weibull distribution theory was adopted to statistically analyze the variations in experimental results. The results indicated that the addition of CFs could transform the failure pattern from obvious brittleness to relatively good ductility and improve the impact resistance of coral concrete. Moreover, the impact resistance of CFRCC increases with the CF dosage increasing. The statistical analysis showed that the probability distribution of the blow numbers at the initial crack and final failure of CFRCC approximately follows the two-parameter Weibull distribution.

Impact Test for the Leading Edge of CMC Vane Based on Actual Aircraft Engine Field Data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenro Obuchi ◽  
Fumiaki Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Kuroki ◽  
Hiroyuki Yagi ◽  
Kazuyoshi Arai
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
Turbine Vanes ◽  
Turbine Vane ◽  
Nickel Based Alloy ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
The Impact

Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) have lower density and a higher service temperature limit than nickel based alloys which have been used for turbine components of aircraft engines. These properties of CMCs have the potential to reduce the weight of turbine components and improve turbine thermal efficiency with a higher turbine inlet temperature (TIT). One of the technical issues of the CMC turbine vane is a relatively lower impact resistance than nickel based alloy turbine vanes. There are various previous works about impact resistance of CMCs, but there is little work that assumed actual engine conditions. The objective of this work was to verify the resistance of SiC/SiC CMC turbine vane to the impact phenomena that occur in the actual aircraft engine. The field damage survey was conducted on actual metal turbine vanes of commercial engines overhauled in IHI. The survey made it clear that the typical damage was less-than-0.127-mm-dent at the leading edge. In addition, the dropped weight impact test using the actual turbine airfoil which is made from a nickel based alloy was conducted at ambient temperature. The amount of energy required to make the dent of a certain size that was observed in actual metal turbine vanes was estimated. Then, the dropped weight impact test using the CMC test piece with a leading edge shape was conducted at the impact energy estimated by the metal turbine airfoil. The results showed that the failure mode of the CMC test piece was local damage with dents of a certain size and not a catastrophic failure mode. From this work, the damage to be assumed on CMC vane in actual aircraft engines was identified. As a future task, the effect of the damage to the fatigue capability of CMC turbine vanes needs to be investigated.

The effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Yulong Liu ◽  
Dexin Ding ◽  
Wenguang Chen ◽  
Nan Hu ◽  
Lingling Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Input ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Microwave Pretreatment ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
Impact Crushing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between energy input and particle size of ore samples after crushing and effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore were studied by drop weight impact test. The results showed that the lead-zinc ore became softer and had higher degree of crushing after microwave pretreatment. Compared with continuous microwave pretreatment, pulsed microwave pretreatment could improve the drop weight impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore. When the specific comminution energy were 5 kW h/t, 10 kW h/t respectively, the crushing characteristic parameters t10 were 60.42% and 67.46% respectively by continuous microwave. But the values of t10 were increased to 68.64% and 75.88% respectively after pulsed microwave radiation under same microwave power and time. In addition, water quenching could more promote the impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore after microwave irradiation.

Investigation on Energy Absorption of Slab Foamed Concrete Reinforced by Polypropylene Fibre Subjected to Impact Loading

2013 ◽  
Vol 831 ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Abdul Samad ◽  
Josef Hadipramana ◽  
Ahmad Zaidi Ahmad Mujahid ◽  
Noridah Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Radial Crack ◽  
Polypropylene Fibre ◽  
Local Damage ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Porous Walls ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
The Impact

Polypropylene Fibre (PF) as reinforcement has contributed to the intensity of Foamed Concrete (FC) slab when subjected to impact loading. The presence of PF in the admixture reduces the micro-porosity that generates the micro-crack of the slab. However, the fibrillation of PF in the admixture enhances the bonding mechanism system between PF and the FC matrix. The impact test conducted uses an instrumented drop-weight impact tower. Results show that FC without PF produces a distinct radial crack and clear fragments within the crater field unlike FC with PF. However, both slab materials did not generate spalling nor scabbing upon impact and the influence of porosity produces only local damage due to the mechanism of brittle crushing effect of porous walls. In this study, the energy absorption between FC with and without PF was investigated and from observation produces only minor differences. Results also verify that FC with PF did not loss its ability to absorb energy upon impact.

scholarly journals Analysis of Impact Characteristics and Detection of Internal Defects for Unidirectional Carbon Composites with Respect to Fiber Orientation

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Sun-ho Go ◽  
Alexandre Tugirumubano ◽  
Hong-gun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Internal Defects ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
Fibers Orientation ◽  
Lock In ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing use of carbon fiber reinforced plastics in various fields, carbon fiber composites based on prepregs have attracted attention in industries and academia research. However, prepreg manufacturing processes are costly, and the strength of structures varies depending on the orientation and defects (pores and delamination). For the non-contact evaluation of internal defects, the lock-in infrared thermography was proposed to investigate the defects in the composites subjected to the compression after impact test (CAI). The drop-weight impact test was conducted to study the impact behavior of the composites according to fibers orientation for composite fabricated using unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber prepregs. Using CAI tests, the residual compressive strengths were determined, and the damage modes were detected using a thermal camera. The results of the drop weight impact tests showed that the specimen laminated at 0° suffered the largest damage because of susceptibility of the resin to impact. The specimens with 0°/90° and +45°/−45° fibers orientation exhibited more than 90% of the impact energy absorption and good impact resistance. Furthermore, the specimens that underwent the impact tests were subjected to compressive test simultaneously with the lock-in thermography defects detection. The results showed that internal delamination, fibers splitting, and broken fibers occurred. The temperature differences in the residual compression tests were not significant.

Recovery of impact-damaged carbon fiber–reinforced composites using induction heating

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110587
Author(s):  
Sultan M Bayazeid ◽  
Kim-Leng Poon ◽  
Balakrishnan Subeshan ◽  
Mohammed Alamir ◽  
Eylem Asmatulu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
The Impact

Carbon fiber–reinforced composites (CFRCs) have been used extensively in structural applications within the aerospace and automotive manufacturing industries. However, several other applications have been recognized. These take advantage of the additional properties of CFRCs, which lead to providing better performance for structures. However, in their service environment, these CFRCs are inevitably susceptible to impact damage from multiple sources, and they must be able to recover from impacts to meet structural requirements. This study directs an experimental investigation of using induction heating (IH) for an impact-damaged CFRC. Here, IH process parameters, including the effects of electromagnetic frequency and generator power on the recovery of impact-damaged CFRC, have been analyzed. The anisotropic conductivity characteristics and the relationship between the drop-weight impact depth and conductivity of CFRC garnered much attention. This paper also offers the electromagnetic properties of CFRC for various applications. In this study, CFRC cured samples were obtained from Cetex® TC1200 PEEK, AS4 145 gsm, 16 unidirectional plies. Three variants of CFRC samples were tested: undamaged samples; samples with impact damage introduced in the center by a drop-weight impact test, according to the ASTM D7136/7136M standard; and samples with drop-weight impact damage recovered using the IH system. This work presents the results of the tensile strength of CFRC samples to assess the comparison of undamaged samples, samples damaged after the drop-weight impact test, and samples recovered after the drop-weight impact test. IH is appropriate for the recovery of impact-damaged CFRC samples, aiding in the conversion of electromagnetic energy to heat in order to generate mechanisms on components to recover the impact-damaged CFRC samples. Experimental results show that the impact-damaged area of the recovered CFRC samples is 37.0% less than that of damaged CFRC samples, and tensile strength results also improved after the impact-damaged CFRC samples were recovered. These results show that the IH method can effectively improve the impact damage performance of CFRC. The outcome of this study is promising for use in many applications, especially in the aerospace and automotive industries.

scholarly journals Researchon Impact Resistance of Fibre Reinforced Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Weight Test ◽  
Drop Weight Test ◽  
The Impact

in this exam, an undertaking is needed to bear in mind the impact restriction of fiber bolstered concrete. on this exam, a easy, rational and reasonable drop weight test become finished on fiber invigorated cement as indicated with the resource of ACI board 544. Fibers containing steel, polypropylene, sisal have been used because the invigorating in four unmistakable quantity components, for instance, 0%,0.five%,1%,1.five%. The results validated that developing the quantity part of fiber prolonged the impact deterrent of sturdy version stood out from customary bond. The outcomes moreover shown that steel fibers are greater dominant at extending the impact test than severa strands.

scholarly journals Impact Resistance For Ready Mix Concrete Plant Waste Concrete Aggregate

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2311-2315
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Natural Aggregate ◽  
Waste Concrete ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Plant Waste ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ready Mix Concrete

The investigation to learn about the effect resistance for Ready Mix Concrete plant waste utilized in new concrete substitute of Natural aggregate. In concrete trade natural aggregate with RMC plant waste of 7 days old waste concrete aggregate in 20% interval up to 100%. In the impact testing machine a drop weight was developed to govern impact resistance on Natural Aggregate concrete & RMC plant waste aggregate concrete. In aspect ratio (l/d) as 60 conducted Impact test on NAC & RMC waste. The samples of M40 strength of concrete. The Impact test conducted on samples as per ACI-544 committee method and verified by drop weight methods. RMC waste concrete aggregate exhibited with variation of different percentage test results of impact strength energy. The impact resistance significantly increases by additions of RMC plant waste concrete aggregate.

Drop Weight Impact Analysis of Laminated Polyurethane Foam/Cloisite 30B Clay

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 1089-1093
Author(s):  
Z. Firuz ◽  
Hazizan Md Akil ◽  
Ahmad Sahrim ◽  
Rozaidi Rasid ◽  
S.A. Syed Nuzul Fadzli
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Drop Height ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
The Impact

Laminated polyurethane foam composite was produced by incorporating Cloisite 30B clay as filler and aluminium sheet as the skin. Initially, PU foams were synthesized with reaction of natural oil polyol and isocyanate with ratio of 1:1.1 by weight. Water was used as the blowing agent and appropriate surfactant and catalyst were added to ensure better performance of end product. Cloisite 30B was added as filler and the percentages were varied from 1 to 5 wt%. Al skin was attached at the top and bottom of the foam to increase the stiffness of the composite and improve its mechanical properties. In order to evaluate its impact characteristic, drop weight impact test was done and the drop height was varied from 5 cm to 20 cm. The results showed that there was no pattern that exists in the impact force, but found the results for the control PU foam (PU foam without filler) has a high impact force values at 5cm, 10 cm and 15 cm drop heights. The incorporation of clay particles were found to give lower impact force to the sample, especially at low filler percentage of 1%. It was found that the addition of clay particles has decrease the impact force of PU foam due to brittleness. Besides, the impact force of the laminated composite is higher than PU foam at the same drop height. For laminated composite at 10 cm, the impact force is higher with an average value of 817% as compared to PU foam. This shows that the addition of Al sheets have improved mechanical characteristics of foam and its ability to withstand higher impact force.

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