Nanoparticles As Promising Additives to Improve the Drilling of Egyptian Oil and Gas Fields

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mady ◽  
Omar Mahmoud ◽  
Abdel Sattar Dahab
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Egypt is both one of the major oil-producing non-OPEC countries and one of the oldest energy producers in the Middle East. Recently, the Egyptian government have signed several agreements for the exploration of oil and gas in several provinces/regions including; the Mediterranean, the Western Desert, the Nile Delta, and the Gulf of Suez. Petroleum companies have given great attention to Egypt’s new discoveries such as Zohr Gas Field and Nour exploration prospect. Successful drilling operations to reach the oil and gas targets depends strongly on the effectiveness of the drilling fluid (mud). It can be considered as the heart of the drilling process, where they are used to fulfil several valuable functions. Drilling fluid technology is one of the most targeted and developed technologies worldwide. Several studies have examined the use of various types of nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the properties and improve the performance of muds. NP can be defined as a simple particle structure with a size in the range of nanometers. The effectiveness of NPs can be accredited to their small size and high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Using NPs showed promising enhancements on the rheological and filtration characteristics as well as thermal stability and carrying capacity of the drilling fluid. Moreover, adding NPs to the drilling mud was found to minimize the shale permeability and thus, promote wellbore stability. The swelling and collapse of shale formations is expected under drilling with water-based mud, which might complicate the drilling operation. In the present work four types of NPs (nanosilica, nanoaluminium, nanotitanium, and nano copper oxide) were tested as promising additives to improve the characteristics of KCL-Polymer mud, which is mainly used to drill shaly formations. The impact of NPs-type, -size, and -concentration were thoroughly investigated using standard viscometer and API filter press. The results showed higher potential of nanotitanium and nanoaluminium to enhance the mud properties when used at small concentrations (0.3–0.5 wt.%). This research paper discusses a latest application and presents the most valuable findings concerning the efficient use of NPs in the drilling fluid industry. On this basis, different recommendations are stated, which might help researchers to better understand NPs’ functionality in this area of application and promote using NPs-based drilling muds as cost-effective and environmental-friendly fluids to drill the Egyptian oil and gas wells.

Enhancement lubricity properties of water-based mud with nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
V.V. Guliyev ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Point ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Shear Thinning ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Pseudoplastic Fluid ◽  
Water Based

Currently, a great number of drilling fluids with different additives are used all over the world. Such additives are applied to control the properties of the drilling mud. The main purpose for controlling is to achieve more effective and safe drilling process. This research work aims to develop Water-Based Mud (WBM) with a Coefficient of Friction (CoF) as low as Oil-Based Mud (OBM) and better rheological properties. As it is known, produced CoF by WBM is higher than OBM, which means high friction between wellbore or casing and drill string. It was the reason for studying the effect of nanosilica on drilling fluid properties such as lubricity, rheological parameters and filtrate loss volume of drilling mud. The procedures were carried out following API RP 13B and API 13I standards. Five concentrations of nanosilica were selected to be tested. According to the results obtained, it was defined that adding nanosilica into the mud decreases CoF of basic WBM by 26 % and justifies nanosilica as a good lubricating agent for drilling fluid. The decreasing trend in coefficient of friction and plastic viscosity for nanosilica was obtained until the concentration of 0.1 %. This reduction is due to the shear thinning or pseudoplastic fluid behavior. After 0.1 %, an increase at PV value trend indicates that it does not follow shear thinning behavior and after reaching a certain amount of dissolved solids in the mud, it acts like normal drilling fluid. The yield point of the mud containing nanoparticles was higher than the basic one. Moreover, a growth in the concentration leads to an increase in yield point value. The improvement of this fluid system cleaning capacity via hydraulics modification and wellhole stability by filter cake endurance increase by adding nanosilica is shown as well. The average well construction data of “Neft Dashlary” field was used for the simulation studies conducted for the investigation of hydraulics parameters of reviewed fluids for all series of experiments. The test results were accepted reliable in case of at least 3 times repeatability.

Comparative Analysis of the Rheological Behaviour of Irvingia Gabonensis Ogbono and Foreign Polymer for Bentonite Formulated Mud.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ayodele ◽  
David Ekuma ◽  
Ikechukwu Okafor ◽  
Innocent Nweze
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

Abstract Drilling fluid are complex fluids consisting of several additives. These additives are added to enhance and control the rheological properties (such as viscosity, gel strength and yield point) of the mud. These properties are controlled for effective drilling of a well. This research work is focused on determining the rheological behavior of drilling mud using industry-based polymer and Irvingia Gabonensis (ogbono) as viscosifiers. Water based muds were formulated from the aforementioned locally sourced viscosifier and that of the conventional used viscosifier (Carboxylmetyl cellulose, CMC). Laboratory tests were carried out on the different muds formulated and their rheological properties (such as yield stress, shear stress, plastic viscosity and shear rate) are evaluated. The concentration of the viscosifiers were varied. The expected outcome of the research work aims at lowering the total drilling cost by reducing the importation of foreign polymer which promotes the development of local content in the oil and gas industry. The research compares the rheology of mud samples and the effect of varying the concentration (2g, 4g, 6g, 8g, and 10g) of both CMC and Ogbono and determining the changes in their rheological properties. The total volume of each mud sample is equivalent to 350ml which represent one barrel (42gal) in the lab. From the result, at concentration of 2g, the ogbono mud has a better rheology than the CMC mud, but at a concentration above 2g, CMC mud shows a better rheology than ogbono mud, that is, as the concentration of CMC is increased, the rheological properties of the mud increased while as the concentration of ogbono is increased the rheological properties decreased. The viscosity of the drilling fluid produced from the ogbono were lower than that of CMC, it could be used together with another local product such as cassava starch, offor or to further improve the rheology and then be a substitute to the conventional viscosifiers.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Barite and Hematite on the Rheology of Water-Based Drilling Mud

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osei H
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Drilling Operation ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Drilling Muds ◽  
The Impact

High demand for oil and gas has led to exploration of more petroleum resources even at remote areas. The petroleum resources are found in deeper subsurface formations and drilling into such formations requires a well-designed drilling mud with suitable rheological properties in order to avoid or reduce associated drilling problems. This is because rheological properties of drilling muds have considerable effect on the drilling operation and cleaning of the wellbore. Mud engineers therefore use mud additives to influence the properties and functions of the drilling fluid to obtain the desired drilling mud properties especially rheological properties. This study investigated and compared the impact of barite and hematite as weighting agents for water-based drilling muds and their influence on the rheology. Water-based muds of different concentrations of weighting agents (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of the total weight of the drilling mud) were prepared and their rheological properties determined at an ambient temperature of 24ᵒC to check their impact on drilling operation. The results found hematite to produce higher mud density, plastic viscosity, gel strength and yield point when compared to barite at the same weighting concentrations. The higher performance of the hematite-based muds might be attributed to it having higher specific gravity, better particle distribution and lower particle attrition rate and more importantly being free from contaminants. The water-based muds with hematite will therefore be more promising drilling muds with higher drilling and hole cleaning efficiency than those having barite.

Heat Moisture Modified Rice Flours as Additive in Drilling Fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Bunyami Shafie ◽  
Lee Huei Hong ◽  
Phene Neoh Pei Nee ◽  
Fatin Hana Naning ◽  
Tze Jin Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Fluid Mixture ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Rice Flours

Drilling mud is a dense, viscous fluid mixture used in oil and gas drilling operations to bring rock cuttings to the earth's surface from the boreholes as well as to lubricate and cool the drill bit. Water-based mud is commonly used due to its relatively inexpensive and easy to dispose of. However, several components and additives in the muds become increasingly cautious and restricted. Starch was introduced as a safe and biodegradable additive into the water-based drilling fluid, in line with an environmental health concern. In this study, the suitability of four local rice flours and their heat moistures derivatives to be incorporated in the formulation of water-based drilling fluid was investigated. They were selected due to their natural amylose contents (waxy, low, intermediate, and high). They were also heat moisture treated to increase their amylose contents. Results showed that the addition of the rice flours into water-based mud significantly reduced the density, viscosity, and filtrate volume. However, the gel strength of the mud was increased. The rice flours, either native or heat moisture treated, could serve as additives to provide a variety of low cost and environmentally friendly drilling fluids to be incorporated and fitted into different drilling activity.

Performance Evaluation and Application of the Non-Clay Weak Gel Drilling Fluid for Daniudi Gas Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2861-2864
Author(s):  
Wan Long Huang ◽  
Yi Shan Lou ◽  
Xiao Yong Ma ◽  
Hai Min Xu ◽  
Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Property ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Weak Gel ◽  
Reservoir Protection

Daniudi Gas Field reservoir has low degree of porosity and permeability, thus it is highly susceptible to the invasion of the solid phase of clay particles in the drilling fluid during the drilling process, in view of these problems, we introduce the non-clay weak gel drilling fluid system. Experiments of the drilling fluid system for rheological property, salt-resisting pollution, hot rolling rate of recovery, reservoir damage evaluation and drilling fluid treating chemical opimization have been taken. The experimental results show that the drilling fluid system has excellent temperature-resisting and salt-resisting character, good ability of suspending debris and strong inhibitory action, its rheological property can meet the needs of the long horizontal section of drilling engineering and the reservoir protection effect is excellent. In DP21 well horizontal section construction, each performance indicator of the drilling fluid can be controlled well and effectively solve the problems of cuttings carrying, borehole wall stability and reservoir protection, successfully completed the DP21 well drilling construction task.

Mechanical-Thermal-Chemical Coupled Research of Wellbore Stability in Jabung Oil Field, Indonesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 709-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Yang ◽  
Mian Chen ◽  
Yan Jin ◽  
Bing Hou ◽  
Kang Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Borehole Stability ◽  
Well Trajectory ◽  
The Impact

The Jabung oilfield in Indonesia is characterized by complex geological structural movement, large tectonic stress and high temperature gradient. Accidents such as borehole collapse and sticking were frequently encountered when drilling shale formations, which often result in serious damage. In this paper, a series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of shale in drilling fluid, including linear expansion rate evaluation tests and rolling recovery evaluation tests. Also X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the mineral composition of shale. The mechanical parameters of shale were obtained through statistical analysis. By using ABAQUS software, the temperature difference induced by thermal stress distribution was analyzed. After that, the borehole stress distribution was determined by coupling the additional stress with in-situ stress. Finally, based on borehole stability mechanical models, the effects of well trajectory on borehole stability were analyzed. We found that the chemical properties of drilling fluid, wellbore trajectory and temperature has a great influence on wellbore stability, and the impact of temperature changes and of well trajectory are the largest factor.

Influence of Rock Chemical Composition in Microwave Heating and Decontamination of Drill Cuttings

2017 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irineu Petri Jr. ◽  
Jéssika Marina dos Santos ◽  
Arley Silva Rossi ◽  
Marina Seixas Pereira ◽  
Claudio Roberto Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Heating Unit ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Gas Drilling

Drill cuttings generated by oil and gas drilling process are incorporated into the drilling fluid to ensure an efficient drilling and solids removal. The drilling rigs have a separation system accountable for separating drill cuttings and drilling fluids. Microwave drying is a new technology of separation that has been studied as an alternative to the currently drill cuttings dryer used. The results obtained in preliminary studies showed that this microwave drying is sensitive to different oxides presents into the rock. Thus, this study aimed to describe the microwave heating kinetics of some rocks in order to verify the interaction of oxides with electromagnetic waves. For this, the oxide contents of the rocks were determined by X-ray Fluorescence and different rocks were heated in a microwave heating unit. The results showed that the relationship between the temperature and heating time is exponential and depends on the rock oxide contents. It was found that the iron oxides may be unstable at microwave and rocks with high levels of magnesium oxides and sulfates tend to be good absorbers of microwave. Rocks containing high levels of calcium, silicon, titanium, barium and chloride (NaCl) are not good absorbers of microwave. It was also noted that faster solid heating, lesser the efficiency of microwave drying.

A New Numerical Solution To Predict the Temperature Profile of Gas-Hydrate-Well Drilling

SPE Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 1201-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Li ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Boyun Guo ◽  
Xiao Cai ◽  
Mas lwan Konggidinata
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Thomson Effect ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Well Drilling

Summary Gas-hydrate cuttings are conveyed upward by the drilling fluid through the outer drillpipe/wellbore annulus during the gas-hydrate-well-drilling process. The temperature profile along the wellbore during the drilling process has not been thoroughly investigated because the gas-hydrate cuttings could affect the temperature of the drilling fluid along the wellbore. As the mixture of drilling fluid and gas hydrates flows from the bottom to the surface, the methane and other hydrocarbons present in the gas hydrates would change from liquid to gas phase and further cause well-control issues. Furthermore, the bottomhole pressure would decrease and could not provide sufficient balance to the formation pressure, which could significantly increase the risk of well blowout. A numerical solution is presented in this paper to predict the temperature profile of the gas-hydrate well during the drilling process. The main considerations were the following: Hydrate cuttings entrained in the bottom of the hole would affect the temperature of the fluid in the annulus space. The entrained hydrate cuttings could affect the fluid thermal properties in the drillstring and in the annulus. Because of the Joule-Thomson cooling effect at the outlet of the nozzles, the fluid temperature at the bottom of the hole was lower than that above the drill-bit nozzles. Hence, the gas-hydrate-dissociation characteristics were considered and integrated in the proposed numerical model. The numerical model was validated by comparing the obtained data with the Shan et al. (2016) analytical model. In addition, the obtained data were also compared with the measured temperature data of a conventional well drilled in China and a gas-hydrate-well drilling record in India. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the pumping rate, Joule-Thomson effect, and injection drilling-mud temperature on the annulus temperature-profile distribution. It was found that the injection drilling-mud temperature and pumping rate could affect the temperature profile in the annulus, whereas the Joule-Thomson effect could decrease the annulus temperature of the drilling mud near the bottom.

The Effects of Glass Bubbles, Clay, Xanthan Gum and Starch Concentrations on the Density of Lightweight Biopolymer Drilling Fluid

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 526-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lim Symm Nee ◽  
Badrul Mohamed Jan ◽  
Brahim Si Ali ◽  
Ishenny Mohd Noor
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Environmentally Safe

It is an open secret that currently oil and gas industry is focusing on increasing hydrocarbon production through underbalanced drilling (UBD) and finding ways to ensure the drilling process is less harmful to the environment. Water-based biopolymer drilling fluids are preferred compared to oil based drilling fluids owing to the fact that it causes less pollution to the environment. This paper investigates the effects of varying concentrations of environmentally safe raw materials, namely glass bubbles, clay, xanthan gum and starch concentrations on the density of the formulated biopolymer drilling fluid to ensure that it is suitable for UBD. As material concentrations were varied, the density for each sample was measured at ambient temperature and pressure. Results showed that the final fluid densities are within acceptable values for UBD (6.78 to 6.86 lb/gal). It is concluded that the formulated water-based biopolymer drilling fluid is suitable to be used in UBD operation.

scholarly journals The effective application of mud cooler machine to support to carry out the infill wells in Cuu Long basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (3a) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Tuan Tran Nguyen ◽  
Son Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

This paper presents some studies on the application of mud cooler in Oil and Gas drilling in a high temperature, high pressure condition of Cuu Long reservoir. The authors have proposed a method to study the theory of temperature effects on drilling fluid properties, that have been tested practically. The authors have remarked on each type of drilling rig and installation location. With these remarks, the authors give an option to install the "Mud cooler" on the rig at the appropriate location and method so that the temperature of the solution will be ensured to reduce to a safe level. The effective application of this equipment has greatly assisted drilling process since the fluid temperature has been reduced sharply before returning to the mud tank. This has helped cut down expenses significantly by prolonging eqipment's endurability, saving time for drilling, ship renting, drilling services and minimize the budget spent on buying the fluid and additives to recover it. Thus, the drilling workers' working conditions have been facilitated. The results of these studies have been proved scientifically and practically through the successful drilling of well ST-3P-ST. This will make the way for other local wells and reservoirs which have the same conditions of temperature and pressure.

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