Acousto-optic-tunable-filter-based spectropolarimetric imagers for medical diagnostic applications—instrument design point of view

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 051802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Tunable Filter ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

A Miniaturized, No-Moving-Parts Raman Spectrometer

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Neil Lewis ◽  
Patrick J. Treado ◽  
Ira W. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Tunable Filter ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Laboratory Notebook ◽  
Raman Spectrometer ◽  
Digitally Controlled ◽  
Moving Parts

A solid-state acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is combined with krypton laser excitation (647 nm), holographic Raman filters, and photon-counting silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) detection to construct a miniaturized Raman spectrometer with no moving parts. The physically compact AOTF and the highly integrated APD provide a rugged, digitally controlled spectrometer of moderate spectral resolution and with a footprint comparable in size to a laboratory notebook. Instrument design details are considered and representative spectra are reported. Potential areas of application for this prototype Raman spectrometer are also discussed.

A Unified Fluorescence Quenching Mechanism of Tetrazine-Based Dyes: Energy Transfer to a Dark State

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijie Chi ◽  
Lu Huang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Davin Tan ◽  
Zhaochao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Quenching Mechanism ◽  
Dark State ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Fluorogenic Probes ◽  
Fluorescence Quenching Mechanism ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

Tetrazine-based fluorogenic probes are powerful tools for bioimaging, biosensing, and medical diagnostic applications. In these probes, the attachment of a tetrazine moiety generates a non-fluorescent precursor; upon the bio-orthogonal reaction...

Structural design of an over-track building with mid-story isolation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Nakamizo ◽  
Seiya Kimura ◽  
Yuichi Koitabashi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Basement Structure ◽  
Design Point ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Railway Operations ◽  
In Transit

<p>In order to use urban space effectively in Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), over-track buildings (built over railways), are becoming increasingly popular in Japan. From a construction and structural design point of view, the basement structure just beneath railways generally cannot be built while railway operations continue (interruption to operations is not permitted, In general).</p><p>This paper presents the structural design of a mid-story isolated high-rise building constructed over railways in Ikebukuro, Tokyo. The paper shows, not only the philosophy of the system, but also the structural design, full-scale experiments, and evaluation of the performance in each structural element. The authors believe that such a structural design will be one of the effective solutions to the over-track building.</p>

Complex Reactions

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Doraiswamy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Reaction ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Multiple Reactions ◽  
Practical Strategy ◽  
Multistep Reactions ◽  
Quantitative Treatment

When a reactant or a set of reactants undergoes several reactions (at least two) simultaneously, the reaction is said to be a complex reaction. The total conversion of the key reactant, which is used as a measure of reaction in simple reactions, has little meaning in complex reactions, and what is of primary interest is the fraction of reactant converted to the desired product. Thus the more pertinent quantity is product distribution from which the conversion to the desired product can be calculated. This is usually expressed in terms of the yield or selectivity of the reaction with respect to the desired product. From the design point of view, an equally important consideration is the analysis and quantitative treatment of complex reactions, a common example of which is the dehydration of alcohol represented by We call such a set of simultaneous reactions a complex multiple reaction. It is also important to note that many organic syntheses involve a number of steps, each carried out under different conditions (and sometimes in different reactors), leading to what we designate as multistep reactions (normally called a synthetic scheme by organic chemists). This could, for example, be a sequence of reactions like dehydration, oxidation, Diels-Alder, and hydrogenation. This chapter outlines simple procedures for the treatment of complex multiple and multistep reactions and explains the concepts of selectivity and yield. For a more detailed treatment of multiple reactions, the following books may be consulted: Aris (1969) and Nauman (1987). We conclude the chapter by considering a reaction with both catalytic and noncatalytic steps, which also constitutes a kind of complex reaction. Because both chemists and chemical engineers are involved in formulating a practical strategy for accomplishing an organic synthesis, it is important to appreciate the roles of each.

Trend Recognition in Clinical Signals using Template-Based Methods

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
A. Lowe ◽  
M. J. Harrison ◽  
R. W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Linguistic Rules ◽  
System Technique ◽  
Time Signals ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

Abstract:The recognition of clinically significant trends in monitored signals plays an important role in many medical diagnostic applications. A template-based system technique to identify characteristic patterns in time-series data is described, based on fuzzy logic. Fuzzy set theory allows the creation of fuzzy templates from linguistic rules. The resulting fuzzy template system can accommodate multiple time signals, relative or absolute trends, and automatically generates a normalised “goodness of fit” score. The template approach was originally developed for monitoring during anaesthesia but has the potential to be useful in other domains that require temporal pattern recognition.

scholarly journals Metasurfaces for Advanced Sensing and Diagnostics

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi La Spada
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Content Recognition ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
And Control ◽  
Constitutive Parameters

Interest in sensors and their applications is rapidly evolving, mainly driven by the huge demand of technologies whose ultimate purpose is to improve and enhance health and safety. Different electromagnetic technologies have been recently used and achieved good performances. Despite the plethora of literature, limitations are still present: limited response control, narrow bandwidth, and large dimensions. MetaSurfaces, artificial 2D materials with peculiar electromagnetic properties, can help to overcome such issues. In this paper, a generic tool to model, design, and manufacture MetaSurface sensors is developed. First, their properties are evaluated in terms of impedance and constitutive parameters. Then, they are linked to the structure physical dimensions. Finally, the proposed method is applied to realize devices for advanced sensing and medical diagnostic applications: glucose measurements, cancer stage detection, water content recognition, and blood oxygen level analysis. The proposed method paves a new way to realize sensors and control their properties at will. Most importantly, it has great potential to be used for many other practical applications, beyond sensing and diagnostics.

Manipulation of Pushbuttons and round Rotary Controls

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kanis ◽  
L.W. van Hees
Keyword(s):  
Great Degree ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Impaired Group

This study focuses on the manipulation of pushbuttons and round rotary controls on consumer products in practice. It shows that these controls are operated in many different ways. The majority of the observed manipulations is applied both by physically impaired and non-impaired users. Variation occurs in both groups. However, variation which occurs in one group only, almost always occurs in the impaired group. People experiencing operational difficulties used hardly any new types of manipulation compared to smooth operation - that is when no difficulty is experienced in reaching a control, gripping it and exerting the required force. These findings suggest that operational difficulties function as incentives urging users concerned to resort to abilities which otherwise they would not have to draw on, rather than as constraints. From a design point of view the findings indicate that people facing difficulties in the use of everyday products would benefit from multi-operable controls, that is with a great degree of freedom for manipulation.

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