Methods for determining the residual amount of antibiotics in food

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Tchaikovskaya ◽  
V. S. Chaydonova ◽  
Maria Ashmarina
Keyword(s):  
Residual Amount

scholarly journals Targeted Nanoparticles Harboring Jasmine-Oil-Entrapped Paclitaxel for Elimination of Lung Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Shira Engelberg ◽  
Yuexi Lin ◽  
Yehuda G. Assaraf ◽  
Yoav D. Livney
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Targeted Nanoparticles ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Residual Amount ◽  
Human Nsclc

Selectively targeted drug delivery systems are preferable chemotherapeutic platforms, as they specifically deliver the drug cargo into tumor cells, while minimizing untoward toxic effects. However, these delivery systems suffer from insufficient encapsulation efficiency (EE), encapsulation capacity (EC), and premature drug release. Herein, we coencapsulated paclitaxel (PTX) and Jasmine oil (JO) within PEG-PCL nanoparticles (NPs), with an average diameter < 50 nm, selectively targeted to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, via S15-aptamer (APT) decoration. JO was selected as an “adhesive” oily core to enhance PTX entrapment, as JO and PTX share similar hydrophobicity and terpenoid structure. JO markedly enhanced EE of PTX from 23% to 87.8% and EC from 35 ± 6 to 74 ± 8 µg PTX/mg PEG-PCL. JO also markedly increased the residual amount of PTX after 69 h, from 18.3% to 65%. Moreover, PTX cytotoxicity against human NSCLC A549 cells was significantly enhanced due to the co-encapsulation with JO; the IC50 value for PTX encapsulated within JO-containing APT-NPs was 20-fold lower than that for APT-NPs lacking JO. Remarkably, JO-containing APT-NPs displayed a 6-fold more potent cell-killing, relatively to the free-drug. Collectively, these findings reveal a marked synergistic contribution of JO to the cytotoxic activity of APT-NP-based systems, for targeted PTX delivery against NSCLC, which may be readily applied to various hydrophobic chemotherapeutics.

CELL LADEN ALGINATE/ALBUMIN HYDROGEL FIBERS FOR POTENTIAL SKIN TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 1850045
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Cascone ◽  
Elisabetta Rosellini ◽  
Simona Maltinti ◽  
Andrea Baldassare ◽  
Luigi Lazzeri
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Residual Amount ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Proliferation Ability ◽  
Alginate Fibers ◽  
Kinetics Of

Alginate hydrogel fibers are receiving a great attention for tissue engineering applications. However, an important limitation of alginate is that it does not provide cell adhesion motifs. In this work, albumin was blended with alginate to improve the compatibility of alginate fibers with cells. Cell laden alginate/albumin fibers, potentially usable for skin regeneration, were obtained through a spinning process, by extruding an alginate/albumin solution containing cells into a calcium chloride solution. Cell laden pure alginate fibers were prepared for comparison. Plain alginate and alginate/albumin fibers were also produced. Morphological, mechanical and functional properties of the produced fibers were investigated. In addition, the ability of the fibers to release albumin and to support the viability and growth of A549 cells embedded into them was studied. Fibers with a uniform shape and an average diameter within the range 550–570[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m were produced. The water content was [Formula: see text]% for alginate fibers, and [Formula: see text]% for alginate/albumin fibers. Stress–strain tests showed, up to a strain value of 20%, the same Young’s modulus for the produced fibers, regardless of the presence of albumin. Overall, obtained results demonstrated that morphology, size, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties were not affected by albumin. Albumin was gradually released over a period of 4 days, with a residual amount (13%) remaining into the fibers. Viability test was carried out on A549 cells, laden inside alginate and alginate/albumin fibers, to evaluate cell proliferation ability. A favorable effect of albumin on the loaded cells was evidenced by a faster kinetics of growth.

[N-Methyl-11C]choline by on-column reaction: a study on [11C]CH3I incorporation and the residual amount of precursor in the product

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bogni ◽  
O. Crispu ◽  
L. Fugazza ◽  
C. Cucchi ◽  
L. Laera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Amount

APPLICATION OF IMMUNOMICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY FOR THE CONTROL OF RESIDUAL AMOUNT OF ANTIBIOTICS IN HONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
A.M. Smirnov ◽  
◽  
R.T. Klochko ◽  
A.B. Sokhlikov ◽  
S.N. Luganskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Amount ◽  
High Level

The immunomicrochip technology was used to determine the residual amounts of antimicrobic substances in honey. It has been confirmed that this type of analysis has a high level of precision and expressness. The paper also provides a detailed discussion of studies that determine the residual levels of oxytetracycline in honey.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Residual Amount of Sr and Morphology of Eutectic Si Phase in A356 Alloy

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenda Zhang ◽  
Shixuan Ma ◽  
Zhenhua Wei ◽  
Peikang Bai
Keyword(s):  
A356 Alloy ◽  
Sand Mold ◽  
Sr Modification ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Modification Effect ◽  
Residual Amount ◽  
Eutectic Si ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modification Treatment ◽  
Alloy Cast

This paper studied the relationship between the residual amount of Sr and the morphology of the eutectic Si phase in A356 obtained through different modification treatment processes; additionally, the cooling rates of molds were studied. The eutectic Si phase revealed a satisfactory modification effect at residual Sr amounts above 0.01 wt % in A356 alloys cast using an iron mould. Complete modification of the eutectic Si phase could be achieved at a Sr additive amount 0.03 wt % in an A356 melt. The addition of higher amounts of Sr (~0.04–0.06 wt %) did not improve the modification effect. With the addition of 0.06 wt % Sr into A356 alloy melt and holding at 750 °C, the anti-fading capacity of Sr modification effect could be sustained for 120 minutes. More Sr is needed to obtain a good modification of eutectic Si for an A356 alloy cast using a sand mold.

scholarly journals Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide column retrieval from ground-based zenith–sky DOAS observations

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2417-2435 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tack ◽  
F. Hendrick ◽  
F. Goutail ◽  
C. Fayt ◽  
A. Merlaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Reference Spectrum ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Residual Amount

Abstract. We present an algorithm for retrieving tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) vertical column densities (VCDs) from ground-based zenith–sky (ZS) measurements of scattered sunlight. The method is based on a four-step approach consisting of (1) the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) analysis of ZS radiance spectra using a fixed reference spectrum corresponding to low NO2 absorption, (2) the determination of the residual amount in the reference spectrum using a Langley-plot-type method, (3) the removal of the stratospheric content from the daytime total measured slant column based on stratospheric VCDs measured at sunrise and sunset, and simulation of the rapid NO2 diurnal variation, (4) the retrieval of tropospheric VCDs by dividing the resulting tropospheric slant columns by appropriate air mass factors (AMFs). These steps are fully characterized and recommendations are given for each of them. The retrieval algorithm is applied on a ZS data set acquired with a multi-axis (MAX-) DOAS instrument during the Cabauw (51.97° N, 4.93° E, sea level) Intercomparison campaign for Nitrogen Dioxide measuring Instruments (CINDI) held from 10 June to 21 July 2009 in the Netherlands. A median value of 7.9 × 1015 molec cm−2 is found for the retrieved tropospheric NO2 VCDs, with maxima up to 6.0 × 1016 molec cm−2. The error budget assessment indicates that the overall error σTVCD on the column values is less than 28%. In the case of low tropospheric contribution, σTVCD is estimated to be around 39% and is dominated by uncertainties in the determination of the residual amount in the reference spectrum. For strong tropospheric pollution events, σTVCD drops to approximately 22% with the largest uncertainties on the determination of the stratospheric NO2 abundance and tropospheric AMFs. The tropospheric VCD amounts derived from ZS observations are compared to VCDs retrieved from off-axis and direct-sun measurements of the same MAX-DOAS instrument as well as to data from a co-located Système d'Analyse par Observations Zénithales (SAOZ) spectrometer. The retrieved tropospheric VCDs are in good agreement with the different data sets with correlation coefficients and slopes close to or larger than 0.9. The potential of the presented ZS retrieval algorithm is further demonstrated by its successful application on a 2-year data set, acquired at the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) station Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP; Southern France).

The Research on Deproteinized Techniques of Bio-Calcium Chitin

2013 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Jie Zhang ◽  
Chang Ren Zhou ◽  
Li Hua Li ◽  
Ming Xian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Primary Element ◽  
Residual Amount ◽  
Traditional Preparation ◽  
Screen Separation ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Extract Protein

0Objective :This study is to retain the biological calcium in the crab shell, stripped of protein, calcium biological chitin chitin that is retained characteristics have unique biological calcium carbonate mosaic structure. the traditional preparation of chitin commoly adopts acid to remove calcium carbonae,applys alkali to extract protein, while inorgaic calcium salts is mixed with it as a source of calcium or an enhancement.Methods :Superfine pulverizing technology is used to smash crab shell to D50, which is 8.05 μm to get different size of crab shell powder through screen separation. The primary element of crab shell is calcium carbonate, chitin as well as protein. The content of protein is a significant indicator of industrial application of crab shell powder. Different size of crab shell powder is processed deproteinizedly,through hot alkali methodenzyme hydrolysis methodhot alkali method assisting microwave respectively. Results: Research result shows that the lower sizes of crab shell powder induce the higher effect of deproteinized processing method. The protein residual amount in crab shell powder of particle size D50 of 8.05 μm being processed in hot alkali for 3 hours is 0.097 %, while time being processed by microwave assisting is significantly reduced, making 20 minutes possible for the same result. Conclusions: Particle size of crab shell powder after superfine pulverizing is small, and deproteinization can be achieved by various methods, while retaining original chitin and biological calcium.

Microstructure of Titanium-Aluminides after Thermomechanical Treatment

1990 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Seeger ◽  
C. Hartig ◽  
A. Bartels ◽  
H. Mecking
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Thermomechanical Treatment ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Titanium Aluminides ◽  
Subsequent Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Room Temperature Ductility ◽  
Residual Amount

ABSTRACTForging in the α2+γ-phase field results in grain refined zones by dynamic recrystallization, but still coarse γ-grains and a residual amount of α2/γ-lamellae are observed. During subsequent heat treatment in the α+γ-phase field the recrystallization leads to inhomogeneous distributions of α2-Ti3Al and grain sizes of γ-TiAl. Due to these inhomogeneities a significant increase of the room temperature ductility is not found.

Structure and Stability of Olivine Phase FePO4

2011 ◽  
Vol 1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene M. Nolis ◽  
Natalya A. Chernova ◽  
Shailesh Upreti ◽  
M. Stanley Whittingham
Keyword(s):  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Amount ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Trigonal Phase

ABSTRACTLiFePO4 has shown considerable promise as a cathode material in Li-ion batteries due to its stability, low toxicity and high cyclability. However, the data on thermodynamic stability of olivine phase FePO4 (o-FePO4), the delithiated form of o-LiFePO4, remains scarce and contradictory. In this work, o-FePO4 was synthesized by chemical delithiation of o-LiFePO4 and characterized structurally and thermally. X-ray diffraction and absorption data indicate pure olivine phase, but with residual amount of Fe2+, most likely due to incomplete delithiation. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis reveal that o-LixFePO4 decomposes exothermally above 550 °C with about 9% weight loss, the products being trigonal phase FePO4, Fe7(PO4)6, and LiPO3.

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