Appendix B: Scanning Spot Distortions along a Curved Path in Conic- Section Scan Pattern Produced by Galvanometric Scanners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Li
Keyword(s):  
Conic Section ◽  
Scan Pattern

Improving Yield Using Scan and DFT Based Analysis for High Performance PowerPC© Microprocessor

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Talacka ◽  
Nandu Tendolkar ◽  
Cynthia Paquette
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Defect Location ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
Memory Arrays ◽  
Scan Chain ◽  
Scan Pattern

Abstract The use of memory arrays to drive yield enhancement has driven the development of many technologies. The uniformity of the arrays allows for easy testing and defect location. Unfortunately, the complexities of the logic circuitry are not represented well in the memory arrays. As technologies push to smaller geometries and the layout and timing of the logic circuitry become more problematic the ability to address yield issue is becoming critical. This paper presents the added yield enhancement capabilities of using e600 core Scan Chain and Scan Pattern testing for logic debug, ways to interpret the fail data, and test methodologies to balance test time and acquiring data. Selecting a specific test methodology and using today's advanced tools like Freescale's DFT/FA has been proven to find more yield issues, earlier, enabling quicker issue resolution.

Timing Sensitivity Analysis of Logical Nodes in Scan Design Integrated Circuits by Pulsed Diode Laser Stimulation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kiyan ◽  
C. Boit ◽  
C. Brillert
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Fault Injection ◽  
Scan Design ◽  
Flip Flop ◽  
Laser Stimulation ◽  
Scan Chain ◽  
P Type ◽  
Scan Pattern

Abstract In this paper, a methodology based upon laser stimulation and a comparison of continuous wave and pulsed laser operation will be presented that localizes the fault relevant sites in a fully functional scan chain cell. The technique uses a laser incident from the backside to inject soft faults into internal nodes of a master-slave scan flip-flop in consequence of localized photocurrent. Depending on the illuminated type of the transistors (n- or p-type), injection of a logic ‘0’ or ‘1’ into the master or the slave stage of a flip-flop takes place. The laser pulse is externally triggered and can easily be shifted to various time slots in reference to clock and scan pattern. This feature of the laser diode allows triggering the laser pulse on the rising or the falling edge of the clock. Therefore, it is possible to choose the stage of the flip-flop in which the fault injection should occur. It is also demonstrated that the technique is able to identify the most sensitive signal condition for fault injection with a better time resolution than the pulse width of the laser, a significant improvement for failure analysis of integrated circuits.

Near-Perfect Automation: Investigating Performance, Trust, and Visual Attention Allocation

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872082110328
Author(s):  
Cyrus K. Foroughi ◽  
Shannon Devlin ◽  
Richard Pak ◽  
Noelle L. Brown ◽  
Ciara Sibley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Scan Pattern ◽  
Subjective Trust

Objective Assess performance, trust, and visual attention during the monitoring of a near-perfect automated system. Background Research rarely attempts to assess performance, trust, and visual attention in near-perfect automated systems even though they will be relied on in high-stakes environments. Methods Seventy-three participants completed a 40-min supervisory control task where they monitored three search feeds. All search feeds were 100% reliable with the exception of two automation failures: one miss and one false alarm. Eye-tracking and subjective trust data were collected. Results Thirty-four percent of participants correctly identified the automation miss, and 67% correctly identified the automation false alarm. Subjective trust increased when participants did not detect the automation failures and decreased when they did. Participants who detected the false alarm had a more complex scan pattern in the 2 min centered around the automation failure compared with those who did not. Additionally, those who detected the failures had longer dwell times in and transitioned to the center sensor feed significantly more often. Conclusion Not only does this work highlight the limitations of the human when monitoring near-perfect automated systems, it begins to quantify the subjective experience and attentional cost of the human. It further emphasizes the need to (1) reevaluate the role of the operator in future high-stakes environments and (2) understand the human on an individual level and actively design for the given individual when working with near-perfect automated systems. Application Multiple operator-level measures should be collected in real-time in order to monitor an operator’s state and leverage real-time, individualized assistance.

A Model of Monitoring as Sensemaking: Application to Flight Path Management and Pilot Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
Dorrit Billman ◽  
Randall Mumaw ◽  
Michael Feary
Keyword(s):  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Situation Model ◽  
Flight Path ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
Critical Part ◽  
Current State ◽  
Strategic Regulation ◽  
Scan Pattern ◽  
Flight Deck

Monitoring is a critical part of supervisory control and plays a critical role on the flight deck. Monitoring the flight path is critical to aviation safety. Recently, there has been interest in improving training of monitoring. We propose a model of expert monitoring that can serve as the basis for training. We claim that effective monitoring is much more than a scan pattern or where eyes point. In aviation, monitoring is centered around the pilot’s Situation Model, which integrates and represents the pilot’s knowledge from mental models in memory with observations about the current state. Effective monitoring is a cycle of posing a monitoring question, identifying how to gather the evidence needed to answer the question, and assessing implications for action. These processes may be fluent or effortful but depend on strategic regulation. We step through implications of our model for training.

scholarly journals Synthesis of gold, platinum, and gold-platinum alloy nanoparticle colloids with high-power megahertz-repetition-rate lasers: the importance of the beam guidance method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Waag ◽  
René Streubel ◽  
Bilal Gökce ◽  
Stephan Barcikowski
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Laser Ablation In Liquid ◽  
Platinum Alloy ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Pattern Length ◽  
Scan Pattern ◽  
Gold Platinum

AbstractNanoparticles of noble metals and their alloys are of particular interest for biomedicine and catalysis applications. The method of laser ablation of bulk metals in liquids gives facile access to such particles as  high-purity colloids and is already used in industrial research. However, the method still lacks sufficient productivity for industrial implementation into series production. The use of innovative laser technology may help to further disseminate this colloid synthesis method in the near future. Ultrashort-pulsed lasers with high powers and megahertz-repetition-rates became available recently, but place high demands on the accurate optical laser pulse delivery on the target. Full lateral pulse separation is necessary to avoid a reduction of nanoparticle productivity due to pulse shielding. In this study, we compare flexible but rather slow galvanometer scanning with much faster but more expensive polygon-wheel scanning in their performance in the production of colloidal nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid. Both beam guidance technologies are applied in the laser ablation of gold, platinum, and a gold-rich platinum alloy in micromolar saline water. We found that the dimensions of the scan pattern are crucial. A threshold pattern length exists, at which one scan technology becomes more productive than the other one. In addition, a much lower productivity was found for the ablation of gold compared to that of platinum. Alloying gold with only 10 at.% of platinum improved the productivity nearly to the level of platinum, reaching 8.3 g/h.

scholarly journals An Image Encryption Algorithm with Hermite Chaotic Polynomials and Scan Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 1767 (1) ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
T. Sivakumar ◽  
M. Pandi ◽  
N. Senthil Madasamy ◽  
R. Bharathi
Keyword(s):  
Image Encryption ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Scan Pattern ◽  
Image Encryption Algorithm

2. Note on the Hodograph

1869 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Tait
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Conic Section ◽  
Real Importance

The object of the present Note is to show, by a few examples (of which, however, the last is the only one of any real importance), how easily the geometrical ideas supplied by Hamilton's beautiful invention of the Hodograph enable us to dispense with analytical processes in the establishment of some of the fundamental propositions connected with the motion of a single particle, besides many others which are merely curious; and also how they help us to understand the full bearing of some of the analytical methods. Some of the simplest of such geometrical investigations are given in “Tait and Steele's Dynamics of a Particle,” and will not be reproduced here; though a few of the results will be assumed,—as, for instance, that when the acceleration is directed to a fixed point, and varies inversely as the square of the distance from it, the hodograph is a circle, and the path a conic section, of which the point is a focus.

Pilot Visual Behavior as a Function of Navigation and Flight Control Modes in the Boeing 757/767

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Edwards ◽  
Philip Tolin ◽  
Gordon L. Jonsen
Keyword(s):  
Flight Control ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Pictorial Representation ◽  
Visual Behavior ◽  
Electronic Map ◽  
Coupled Mode ◽  
Navigation Mode ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scan Pattern ◽  
Manual Mode

This report presents data obtained from two line-oriented simulations conducted in the Boeing 757/767 simulators. The purpose of these simulations was to assess the impact of two navigation- and two flight control modes on pilot visual behavior during an entire flight, from takeoff to touchdown. The two navigation modes were the traditional VOR mode, in which a compass rose was presented on the HSI, and the MAP mode, in which a pictorial representation of the airplane's flight path was presented on the HSI. The flight control modes were manual and coupled flight. The results indicated that: (a) the electronic map did not alter the basic “T” scan pattern, (b) the pilots' basic scan pattern did not differ in the two navigation modes when flying manually, (c) pilot scan patterns did vary as a function of flight control condition, with the basic “T” scan pattern accurately characterizing pilot visual behavior in the manual mode but not in the coupled mode, (d) several visual performance measures were sensitive to changes in flight phase, navigation mode, and flight control mode, and (e) no differences in pilot scan patterns were observed between an EICAS- equipped cockpit and a cockpit with conventional engine instruments.

scholarly journals Discovering the Giant Nest Architecture of Grass-Cutting Ants, Atta capiguara (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Forti ◽  
Ana Paula Protti de Andrade ◽  
Roberto da Silva Camargo ◽  
Nadia Caldato ◽  
Aldenise Alves Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Conic Section ◽  
Nest Architecture ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Loose Soil ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Typical Shape

Atta capiguara is a grass-cutting ant species frequently found in Cerrado biome. However, little is known about the giant nest architecture of this ant. In this study, we investigated the architecture of three A. capiguara nests from the fragment of cerrado in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Casts were made of the nests by filling them with cement to permit better visualization of internal structures such as chambers and tunnels. After excavation, the depth and dimensions (length, width, and height) of the chambers were measured. The results showed the typical shape of Atta capiguara nests consisting of mounds of loose soil with unique features resembling a conic section. The fungus chambers were found outside the apparent main part of the nest and were spaced apart and distributed laterally at ground level. The waste chambers were located beneath the largest mound of loose soil. Both the fungus and waste chambers exhibited a sectoral distribution. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the so far unknown nest architecture of the grass-cutting ant A. capiguara.

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