Which Specific Angle Measurement Criteria Should be Used to Define Forward Head and Rounded Shoulder Posture: An Evidence-Based Commentary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Sandrey
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Scapular Kinematics ◽  
Craniovertebral Angle ◽  
Anatomical Alignment ◽  
Inform Decision Making ◽  
Shoulder Angle

Abstract: Postural distortions in the upper limb are prevalent and change the anatomical alignment, which alters force couples and the biomechanics of the body. Forward head posture (FHP) and rounded shoulder posture (RSP) are the two that are most prevalent. Measurement techniques using the craniovertebral angle for FHP and forward shoulder angle for RSP have been used both clinically and in the literature. However, what is not known is what specific criteria can be consistently used to define FHP and RSP as reference angles lack vigorous validity and there is a shortage of quantity, quality, and consistency of the evidence. Thus, there is much to be learned about postural classifications and the effect on the kinetic chain, supporting the need for further research in this area. As it is important to classify those who may need exercise and therapeutic intervention, following evidence-informed practice to inform decision-making clinicians should continue to evaluate posture, as well as examine scapular kinematics and muscle activity and the effects of interventions to improve posture. Therefore, determining whether FHP and RSP are present is paramount for the treatment to be successful.

scholarly journals Immediate Effect of Chin Tuck Exercises on Craniovertebral Angle and Shoulder Angle Among Collegiates with Forward Head Posture

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2295-2298
Author(s):  
Anbupriya Sureshbabu M ◽  
Aishwarya A Aishwarya A ◽  
Nishanth H Nishanth H
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Chin Tuck ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Craniovertebral Angle ◽  
Shoulder Angle

Forward head posture (FHP) is the forward movement of the head that is caused by improper postural awareness and often results in muscular imbalance that causes pain. The forward head posture is found to be influenced by Craniovertebral Angle (CV) and shoulder angle (SA) that in turn causes rounded shoulder. These biomechanical changes prove to be a hindrance in maintaining neutral head posture and affects the structural integrity. A sample size of 43 were taken according to the selection criteria and the FHP was assessed through plumb line. Double tape was used as markers at tragus of the ear, C7 vertebrae and acromion process. Photos were taken and analyzed using AUTOCAD 2017 software and the results were obtained. A positive association found between the pre and post test results for CV angle with P=0.0001(P<0.05) and no significant association between the pre and posttest for SA with P=0.2 (P>0.05). The craniovertebral angle can be altered with the chin tuck exercises but has no effect on the shoulder angle, hence having no influence over the rounded shoulders but has some effect over the forward head posture.

scholarly journals Influence of Overweight and Obesity on Pelvic Tilt, Q-Angle and Foot Posture in Both Genders

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1813-1817
Author(s):  
Mazhar Ali Bhutto ◽  
Azadeh Shadmaher ◽  
M. Raza Hadian ◽  
Saeed Talebian ◽  
Syed Arslan Asad
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Q Angle ◽  
Foot Posture

Background: Normal movement pattern and its relationship with various segments of the body create a kinetic chain for performing certain activities. The abnormal patterns of movement may precipitate risk of injuries at any segmentleg from the pelvis to the foot [1-3]. Obesity has been marked as risk factor for postural instability. The mechanism of altering body geometry due to excessive deposition of body fat at certain areas like abdomen and hips increases the stress on the musculoskeletal system leading to postural-instability. Aim: In study the effects of obesity on different segments of lower limb are being focused. Place & Duration: Data was collected in Pakistan. Study duration April 2020 to April 2021 Methods: After ethical approval, Consent and explanation of procedure the population was subdivided into three groups on the bases of BMI, with 50 samples in each group. For Pelvic tilt and Q-angle measurement the image captured with 13-megapixel camera and angle was measured[4]in computer with the help of Microdicom software. To evaluate foot posture, the foot posture index tool was used. The ICC95% calculated for validity and reliability of photography. Results: Validity and reliability test ICC 95% confidence interval for pelvic tilt and Q-angle measurement with photography method was 0.991 (0.974-.997) and 0.949(0.878-.981), with P-value 0.0001. There is significant different in pelvic tilt, Q-angle and foot posture of subjects with normal, overweight and obesity. Conclusion: Obesity has significant effect on Q-angle and pelvic tilt and foot posture. Key words: Q-angle, Posture, Pelvic, Obesity, Influence.

Correlation between craniovertebral angle in the sagittal plane and angles and indices measured in the frontal plane at the moment of inducing forward head posture

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Samira Molaeifar ◽  
Farzaneh Yazdani ◽  
Amin Kordi Yoosefinejad ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Craniovertebral Angle

BACKGROUND: Forward head posture (FHP) is the most common malposition in the head and neck area. With the growing use of digital devices, the prevalence of FHP may be expected to increase dramatically. Thus far, FHP has been evaluated only in the sagittal plane. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to measure angles and indices from anatomical landmarks in the frontal plane and determine the possible correlations between these variables and craniovertebral angle (CVA) as an index of FHP in the sagittal plane. METHODS: Fifty eight healthy individuals (29 men, 29 women) between 18 and 40 years old participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were evaluated with an 8-camera motion analysis system. After markers were placed on predetermined landmarks, the participants were asked to maintain their head and neck in the neutral position for 5 seconds. Then participants induced FHP by flexing and lowering their head. The correlation between CVA and a set of angles and indices was calculated at the moment of FHP induction. RESULTS: A moderate correlation was observed between 3-D CVA and the angle formed between the sternum and both tragi for the whole sample and separately in both sexes. A moderate negative correlation was observed between 3-D CVA and height, weight, and BMI in women. A moderate negative correlation was observed between 3-D CVA and height, weight, BMI, and hours on digital devices in men. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in CVA in the sagittal plane can be predicted from changes in the angle formed between the midpoint of the sternum and the left and right tragi in the frontal plane.

Fysiologische stressmetingen in de werksituatie: nut, beperkingen en bevindingen

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz van Doornen ◽  
Jan Houtveen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Workplace Interventions

Physiological stress measures at work: relevance, limitations, and findings Physiological stress measures at work: relevance, limitations, and findings L. van Doornen & J. Houtveen, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 22, September 2009, nr. 3, pp. 275-293 Physiological stress measures should only to a limited extent be considered as 'objective' indices of subjectively experienced work stress. Their contribution should mainly be sought in the quantification of the load on the body exerted by stress, the latter being the mediator of the health effects of work stress. For the most widely used physiological parameters in the field of work stress – blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac autonomic indices, adrenalin and cortisol – their physiology is described, their measurement techniques outlined, and an overall picture furnished with respect to differences observed between high- and low-work stress populations. Finally some suggestions are given with respect to future directions this field may take: focus on individual differences in physiological stress-sensitivity; quantification of recovery, and quantification of the effects of individual or workplace interventions.

scholarly journals Validation and Application of Two New Core Stability Tests in Professional Football

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5495
Author(s):  
Saioa Etxaleku ◽  
Mikel Izquierdo ◽  
Eder Bikandi ◽  
Jaime García Arroyo ◽  
Iñigo Sarriegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Stability Tests ◽  
Acceptable Error ◽  
Core Training

The purpose of the first study was to validate two newly proposed core stability tests; Prone Plank test (PPT) and Closed Kinetic Chain test (CCT), for evaluating the strength of the body core. Subsequently, these tests were employed in a longitudinal prospective study implementing a core stability training program with a professional Spanish football team. For the validation study, 22 physically active men (Tegner Scale 6–7) performed three trials of the PPT and CCT tests in two different testing sessions separated by one week. In the longitudinal study, 13 male professional football players were equally evaluated (PPT and CCT) before and after the competitive session in which they completed a core training program. Intra-/intersession, and intertester, reliability was analyzed. PPT and CCT demonstrated excellent to good test–retest reliability and acceptable error measurement (ICCs for intratester and intrasession reliability ranged from 0.77 to 0.94 for the PPT, and 0.8–0.9 for the CCT) in all but one of the testing conditions (female tester for CCT test; ICC = 0.38). Significant improvements on core strength were found from pre to post evaluation in both the PPT (p < 0.01) and CCT (p < 0.01) after the implementation of a core training program in professional football players.

A Comparative Study of Basic Edge Angle Measurement Techniques

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold L. Dibble ◽  
Mary C. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Relative Accuracy ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Edge Angle ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Measuring Techniques

Four methods of edge angle measurements, including one developed by the authors, are applied to a sample of unretouched flakes in order to determine their relative accuracy, reliability, and economy. The authors discuss various statistical analyses which are available and essential in evaluating the significance of variability between and within the different measuring techniques, applying them to the results obtained from this study.

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