Dietary, Anthropometric, Blood-Lipid, and Performance Patterns of American College Football Players during 8 Weeks of Training

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 444-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rochelle D. Kirwan ◽  
Lindsay K. Kordick ◽  
Shane McFarland ◽  
Denver Lancaster ◽  
Kristine Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Performance Patterns ◽  
And Performance

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the dietary, anthropometric, blood-lipid, and performance patterns of university-level American football players attempting to increase body mass during 8 wk of training.Methods:Three-day diet records, body composition (DEXA scan), blood lipids, and performance measures were collected in redshirt football players (N = 15, age 18.5 ± 0.6 yr) early season and after 8 wk of in-season training.Results:There was an increase (p < .05) from early-season to postseason testing for reported energy (+45%), carbohydrate (+82%), and protein (+29%) intakes and no change in the intake of fat. Fat intake was 41% of energy at the early-season test and 32% of energy at the postseason test. Increases (p < .05 for all) in performance measures, lean mass (70.5 ± 7.7–71.8 ± 7.7 kg), fat mass (15.9 ± 6.2–17.3 ± 6.8 kg), plasma total cholesterol (193.5 ± 32.4–222.6 ± 40.0 mg/dl), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL; 92.7 ± 32.7–124.5 ± 34.7 mg/dl) were measured. No changes were measured in triglycerides, very-low-density lipoproteins, or high-density lipoproteins.Conclusion:Increases in strength, power, speed, total body mass, muscle mass, and fat mass were measured. Cholesterol and LDL levels increased during the study to levels associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease. It is possible that this is a temporary phenomenon, but it is cause for concern and an indication that dietary education to promote weight gain in a manner less likely to adversely affect the lipid profile is warranted.

Effects of In-Season (5 Weeks) Creatine and Pyruvate Supplementation on Anaerobic Performance and Body Composition in American Football Players

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Stone ◽  
Kimberly Sanborn ◽  
Lucille L. Smith ◽  
Harold S. O'Bryant ◽  
Tommy Hoke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
American Football ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Body Mass Composition

The purpose of this investigation was to study the efficacy of two dietary supplements on measures of body mass, body composition, and performance in 42 American football players. Group CM (n = 9) received creatine monohy-drate, Group P (n = 11) received calcium pyruvate. Group COM (n = 11) received a combination of calcium pyruvate (60%) and creatine (40%), and Group PL received a placebo. Tests were performed before (Tl) and after (T2) the 5-week supplementation period, during which the subjects continued their normal training schedules. Compared to P and PL. CM and COM showed significantly greater increases for body mass, lean body mass, 1 repetition maximum (RM) bench press, combined 1 RM squat and bench press, and static vertical jump (SVJ) power output. Peak rate of force development for SVJ was significantly greater for CM compared to P and PL. Creatine and the combination supplement enhanced training adaptations associated with body mass/composition, maximum strength, and SVJ; however, pyruvate supplementation alone was ineffective.

scholarly journals Contribution of rs3211938 polymorphism at CD36 to glucose levels, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, insulin resistance, and body mass index in Mexican mestizos with type-2 diabetes from western Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Teresita Martín-Márquez ◽  
Flavio Sandoval-Garcia ◽  
Mónica Vazquez-Del Mercado ◽  
Erika-Aurora Martínez-García ◽  
Fernanda-Isadora Corona-Meraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Mexican Mestizos

scholarly journals Anthropometric and Performance Parameters of Japanese High School American Football Players: A Case Study of Selection for International Matches

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Daichi Yamashita ◽  
Takafumi Kubo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
American Football ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
High School Grades ◽  
Grade Difference ◽  
And Performance

This study aimed to compare the anthropometric and performance parameters between American football players from different high school grades and to compare their physical characteristics to the normative values for U.S. and Japanese players from previous studies. The analysis included 240 grade 10 and 11 American football players. The testing included height, body mass, broad jump, 40-yard dash, and pro-agility shuttle. The analysis was stratified by position: linemen (offensive and defensive), big skill players (fullbacks, tight ends, and linebackers), and skill players (wide receivers, running backs, and defensive backs). The only between-grade difference was body mass for linemen (Cohen’s d>0.6), with no moderate effects for all other measured variables (|d| ≦0.6). No Japanese players were better in both mass and performance measures than U.S. elite high school players. The strength and conditioning program for long-term athlete development should be established for American football players in Japan.

scholarly journals Metabolic Components of the Combined Course of Osteoarthritis and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
L. M. Pasiieshvili ◽  
◽  
A. M. Litvynova ◽  
S. V. Ivanchenko ◽  
O. V. Karaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins

According to statistics provided by the World Health Organization, in 2020 there will be about 2 billion adults, 41 million children under the age of 5 and 340 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 who are obese. It is proved that quite often obesity is a predictor of the formation of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of the study was to determine the state of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with different stages of obesity and to establish their influence on the course of osteoarthritis. Materials and methods. The study involved 75 patients with osteoarthritis, which proceed on the background of obesity (main group). 50 patients had manifestations of osteoarthritis without changes in body mass index and 37 almost healthy individuals were included in the control group. Anthropometric data and body mass index were calculated. The state of lipid metabolism was determined by indicators of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high, low and very low density lipoproteins, atherogenic factor. The rate of carbohydrate metabolism was assessed by the presence of insulin resistance by calculating the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index. Body mass index was calculated by the Kettle formula. Other anthropometric parameters were determined by measuring the volume of the thigh, waist volume and calculated the ratio of volume of the thigh to waist volume. As markers of lipid metabolism we studied the content of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoproteins in the blood system with peroxide. The atherogenicity index was determined by the formula of Klimov A. M. Statistical analysis was performed using the software package "Statistica 10.0" and Excel 2010. To quantify the results, the results were presented as the median with a quarterly interval [Q25%; Q75%] taking into account the lack of normal distribution. Quantitative and ordinal changes were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. The correlation was calculated using Spearman's rank correlations. In all procedures of statistical analysis, the significance level p was assumed to be equal to or less than 0.05 (p <0.05). Results and discussion. We divided the patients of the main group into subgroups depending on the body mass index: overweight patients with I and II obesity degree. The comparative analysis of indicators of lipid metabolism allowed to establish increase of indicators of all atherogenic classes in comparison with control. A statistically significant difference in the rate of total cholesterol was determined only in the case of its comparison between the group with elevated body weight and I degree of obesity. Conclusion. In patients with osteoarthritis, occurring on the background of overweight or obesity, there are shifts in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, which contribute to metabolic disorders in the body and, in particular, cartilage as a type of connective tissue. Patients with isolated osteoarthritis also have hyperlipidemia and in some cases insulin resistance, which is a negative basis for the progression of the pathological process. One of the factors in the progression of osteoarthritis in obese patients can be considered the activation of free radical oxidation of lipids, which occurs both as a result of osteoarthritis and the presence of concomitant pathology

scholarly journals Evaluation of the lipid parameters in chronic heart failure patients and their correlation with body mass index

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Rohit Sane ◽  
Gurudatta Amin ◽  
Snehal Dongre ◽  
Rahul Mandole
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Cardiac Morbidity ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Background: Increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with dyslipidemia, but relevant data in patients with cardiac morbidity is scarce. This study assessed lipid parameters in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and their statistical correlation with BMI.Methods: The retrospective study utilized data of CHF patients who visited Madhavbaug clinics in India between July-December 2018. Serum lipid profile noted were total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). Patients were classified based on BMI (normal, overweight, obese) and their mean lipid parameters were compared.Results: Out of 147 patients, 74.15% were males with mean age 59.15±10.28 years and mean BMI 26.69±4.97 kg/m2. 56 patients had normal BMI, 60 were overweight and 30 were obese. Mean TC, TG and LDL levels in the normal-BMI group were significantly lower than that in overweight and obese groups (p<0.05). Mean HDL and VLDL were found to be higher in overweight group as compared to that in normal-BMI and obese group (p<0.05). Weak positive correlations were found between BMI and TC (R=0.09, p>0.05), BMI and TG (R=0.07, p>0.05), BMI and LDL (R=0.09, p>0.05) as well as BMI and VLDL (R=0.02, p>0.05). There was inverse correlation seen between BMI and HDL (R=-0.12, p>0.05).Conclusions: Increase in BMI was associated with dyslipidemia in CHF patients. There was positive correlation of BMI with LDL, TG, TC as well as VLDL while there was negative correlation between BMI and HDL levels. Obesity may increase the dyslipidemia risk in CHF patients which may affect their prognosis.

scholarly journals Analysis of lipid status, body mass index and waist-hip ratio in post-menopausal women

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Lejla Mešalić ◽  
Edhem Hasković
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Introduction: Menopause is the absence of menses in the period longer that one year. It is widely accepted that menopause leads to changes in hormonal status, metabolism and lipid profi le. The aim of this study wasto analyze the infl uence of menopause on the concentrations of lipids, lipoproteins and also the influence of body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) on lipid profi le in post-menopausal women.Methods: Sixty post-menopausal women of average age of 52.82 years were compared to a group of 34 pre-menopausal women average age of 47.92 years.Results: Post-menopausal women had higher, but non signifi cant (p>0.05) concentrations of total cholesterol, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides than pre-menopausal women. The concentration of high density lipoproteins (HDL) was significantly lower in post-menopausal women than pre-menopausal (p<0.05). The concentration of apolipoprotein B was also signifi cantly higher in post-menopausal women (p<0.05), but the concentrations of apolipoprotein and lipoprotein (a) were lowerbut without signifi cance (p>0.05). There was no difference between body mass index (BMI) and waste-hip ratio (WHR), but the WHR has shown as a signifi cant predictor of the LDL and cholesterol concentrations inpost-menopausal women.Conclusion: We can conclude that menopause leads to changes in lipid profi le by lowering of HDL and increasing the levels of apolipoprotein B, that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. The WHR is thesignifi cant predictor of cardiovascular risk in post-menopausal women.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KADAR LOW DENCITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) PADA SISWA-SISWI OVERWEIGHT DAN OBESITAS DI KOTA MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoffel Elim ◽  
Damajanty H.C. Pangemanan ◽  
Sarah Warouw ◽  
Siantan Supit ◽  
Vellisia Lindo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Junior High Schools ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract: Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are lipoproteins that carry cholesterol to maintain the functions of cells. One factor that can raise the levels of LDL is obesity. In general, obese people have higher triglycerides stored under the skin (subcutaneous). Triglycerides are the main ingredient for the formation of VLDL in the liver. This study aimed to get an overview of the levels of LDL in overweight and obese students at the Pax Christie and Don Bosco junior high schools in Manado. This was a cross sectional analytic study. Samples involved 30 students meeting the inclusion criteria: age 10-15 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥23.0, and willing to be respondents with signed parental informed consents. Results: Samples of obese students were 26 (86.7%) and of overweight students four (13.3%). There were six students (20%) who had LDL higher than normal levels (≥130 mg/dL). Conclusion: InManado, there were more obese students than overweight students. Some of the students showed LDL higher than normal levels. Keywords: students, overweight, obesity, LDL.     Abstrak: Lipoprotein densitas rendah merupakan lipoprotein yang mengangkut kolesterol ke sel-sel tubuh yang memerlukannya, dimana bila kadarnya berlebih tentu akan berpengaruh buruk terhadap kesehatan. Salah satu faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kadar LDL adalah obesitas. Orang gemuk umumnya memiliki kadar trigliserida yang tinggi dan disimpan dibawah kulit. Trigliserida ialah komponen utama yang membentuk lipoprotein densitas sangat rendah (VLDL) di organ hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar LDL pada pelajar tingkat dasar Pax Christie dan Don Bosco Manado yang berat badannya berlebih (overweight) dan yang obesitas. Metode penelitian berupa analisis cross-sectional. Sampel sebanyak 30 pelajar dengan kriteria inklusi: umur 10-15 tahun, Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) ≥23,0, dan bersedia mengikuti penilitan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan jumlah sampel yang obes sebanyak 26 pelajar (86,7%) dan yang overwight empat pelajar (13,3%). Terdapat enam pelajar (20%) dengan LDL melebihi nilai normal (≥130 mg/dL). Simpulan: Di Kota Manado, jumlah pelajar yang obes melebihi yang overweight. Beberapa di antaranya memperlihatkan kadar LDL melebihi nilai normal. Kata kunci: pelajar, berat badan berlebih, obesitas, LDL.

The Effect of Block Versus Daily Undulating Periodization on Strength and Performance in Adolescent Football Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 814-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Gavanda ◽  
Stephan Geisler ◽  
Oliver Jan Quittmann ◽  
Thorsten Schiffer
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
And Performance

Purpose: Muscle mass, strength, and power are important factors for performance. To improve these characteristics, periodized resistance training is used. However, there is no consensus regarding the most effective periodization model. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of block (BLOCK) vs daily undulating periodization (DUP) on body composition, hypertrophy, strength, performance, and power in adolescent American football players. Methods: A total of 47 subjects participated in this study (mean [SD] age = 17 [0.8] y, strength training experience = 0.93 [0.99] y). Premeasurements and postmeasurements consisted of body mass (BM); fat mass; relative fat mass; fat-free mass (FFM); muscle mass (MM); muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), and triceps brachii (TB); 1-repetition-maximum back squat (BS) and bench press (BP); countermovement jump (CMJ); estimated peak power (Wpeak) from vertical jump performance; medicine-ball put (MBP); and 40-yd sprint. Subjects were randomly assigned in either the BLOCK or DUP group prior to the 12-wk intervention period consisting of 3 full-body sessions per week. Results: Both groups displayed significantly higher BM (P < .001), FFM (P < .001), MM (P < .001), RF (P < .001), VL (P < .001), TB (P < .001), BS (P < .001), BP (P < .001), CMJ (P < .001), Wpeak (P < .001), and MBP (P < .001) and significantly lower sprint times (P < .001) after 12 wk of resistance training, with no difference between groups. Conclusions: Resistance training was effective to increase muscle mass, strength, power, and performance in adolescent athletes. BLOCK and DUP affect anthropometric measures and physical performance equally.

scholarly journals State of the blood lipid profile in acute period of recurrent ischemic stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1 (69)) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kulmatytskyi
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
Different Levels

In patients with both primary and recurrent ischemic stroke in its acute period the combined dyslipidemia with no probable differences was found which declared itself in an increase of general cholesterol, cholesterol of low den sity lipoproteins, cholesterol of extra low density lipoproteins, triglycerides and atherogenic factor at low concentrations of cholesterol of high density lipoproteins. There were no significant differences found between the indexes of lipidogram of different levels of severity in the primary ischemic stroke group as well as in the group of recurrent ischemic stroke, and no significant differences betweentheir same name levels of severity were found either.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document