The Aging Body: Attitudes Toward Bodily Appearance among Physically Active and Inactive Women and Men of Different Ages

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Waaler Loland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Bodily Appearance ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Body Attitudes ◽  
Body Self ◽  
The Relationship

Most recent studies on the relationship between bodily appearance and physical activity have focused on young women. Less is known about this relationship among women and men at different ages. In Norway, 1,555 women and men, 18–67 yr, completed 2 subscales of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. Participants were classified into 3 activity-level groups—inactive, low-active, and moderate/high-active—and 3 age groups: 18–29, 30–44, and 45–67. Satisfaction with appearance increased with age among moderate/high-active participants but decreased among inactive participants. Active women and men aged 30–44 and 45–67 were significantly more satisfied with their appearance than their inactive counterparts. Inactive men aged 18–29 were significantly more satisfied than their low-active counterparts. Men were significantly more satisfied with their appearance than were women, independent of physical activity and age. Results are discussed in relation to various theories of aging, with focus on the relationship between attitudes toward one’s body and sociocultural body ideals.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Sexual Health in Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luka Leško ◽  
Renata Barić ◽  
Anamaria Ivanko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Physically Active

The primary aim of the study was to examine the correlation between the physical activity level and three factors of sexual health in men (sexual desire, sexual function and sexual satisfaction). The sample consisted of 509 male students aged 18 to 30 (M=19.70; SD=1.38). The results suggest a significantly better erectile function and sexual satisfaction in sufficiently physically active compared to insufficiently physically active men, while no significance was found in sexual desire and premature ejaculation. The findings indicate that the level of physical activity is positively related to sexual health factors, regardless of whether the dominant aerobic or anaerobic type of physical activity is practiced. Men with higher number of exercise hours on weekly basis have higher sexual desire and better erectile function. Men who are more satisfied with their own body image, have better erectile function. Although previous studies point to positive correlation between physical activity and sexual health in older age groups, this study points to better sexual health of physically active men already in the student age.

scholarly journals PATIENT-REPORTED AND OBJECTIVE MEASURES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ARE NOT RELATED 6-MONTHS AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0015
Author(s):  
Christopher Kuenze ◽  
Caroline Lisee ◽  
Ashley Triplett ◽  
Thomas Birchmeier ◽  
Michael W. Straus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Patient Reported Measures ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tendon Autograft

Background: When measured objectively, adults with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) are 2.5 times less likely to be physically active than by their healthy counterparts. Currently, it is unclear if patient-reported physical activity (PA) is related to objectively-measured PA among high school-aged individuals with ACLR. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between patient-reported and objectively-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) among high school-aged individuals 6-months after ACLR. Methods: Seventeen participants (age= 15.9±1.3 years, BMI= 24.7±5.1 kg/m2, months since surgery= 6.3±0.7, graft source= 13 hamstring autograft, 3 patellar tendon autograft, and 1 quadriceps tendon autograft, ACL-RSI= 71.3±24.3) with primary unilateral ACLR were enrolled 6±1 months after surgery as part of a prospective cohort study. Participants completed the Tegner Activity and Marx Activity Scales to assess current physical activity level. Participants also completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) to assess patient-reported MVPA (min/day). Objectively-measured MVPA (min/day) and step count (steps/day) were assessed using ActiGraph GTX9-Link accelerometers worn at the hip over a period of no less than 7 days. Wear time (min/day) was validated using recommendations of Choi et al and Evenson’s child cutpoints were utilized to categorize PA as light, moderate, vigorous, or very vigorous. Relationships between objectively-measured and patient-reported measures of physical activity were assessed using partial correlations ( r) while controlling for total monitor wear-time. We also compared the number of participants who met physical activity guidelines (60 min/day MVPA) via patient-report and objective monitoring using a Fischer’s exact test. Results: Participants reported median Tegner activity levels of 5 [range: 5,9] and Marx activity scores of 16 [range: 4,16], and average IPAQ-SF MVPA of 130±80 [range: 0,300] min/day. Objectively, partipants engaged in 26±14 [9,60] min/day of MVPA and took 6140±1691 [range: 3613,9147] steps/day. Current Tegner activity level was moderately correlated to objectively-measured MVPA ( r = 0.65) but Marx Activity Score ( r= 0.14) and IPAQ-SF MVPA ( r= 0.01) were not related to objectively-measured MVPA (Figure 1). Individuals who reported meeting MVPA guidelines were no more likely to actually meet objectively-measured MVPA guidelines as compared to participants who reported not meeting guidelines (OR= 1.08, CI= 0.93,1.25, p= 0.99). Conclusion: Objectively, 5.9% of participants were categorized as physically active 6-months following ACLR despite the fact that 82.4% of participants reported meeting PA guidelines. The relationship between objective and patient-reported measures of PA among high school-aged participants months post-ACLR is limited and utilization of patient-reported PA measures in this population should be done with caution. [Figure: see text]

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Beta Endorphins and Emotional State in Physically Active Individuals Aged 45-55 (A Report on a Pilot Study)

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Kundziņa ◽  
Juris Grants
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Beta Endorphin ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction. This sports-science-related article heavily relies on studies that have reported an increase in beta-endorphin (â-EP) concentration in plasma in response to physical activity. It examines the psychological and physiological effects of physical activity and exercise and reports on a research-experiment-based, endorphin-hypotheses-related pilot study aimed at exploring mood-related â-EP effects occurring in physically active male and female individuals aged 45-55 in response to physical load. Material and methods. Six 45 to 55-year-old individuals (3 males and 3 females) rated as exhibiting moderate and high levels of physical activity in sport's laboratory. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to establish physical activity level. For facial expression analysis a short interview was applied, using software “FaceReader 3.0” (FR). As a load test a veloergometer exercise test was used, and Beta-endorphin (â-EP) levels were measured from venous blood. Results. The findings demonstrated an increase in â-EP levels in 50% of the subjects. No positive relation between â-EP increase and happiness has been observed. In four subjects an increase in disgust was observed due to the laboratory conditions. Five minutes after the load test FR data recorded the reduction or disappearance of negative emotions for all research subjects. Conclusions. Further investigation into the relationship of plasma levels of â-EP and the emotional state of the individual involved in physical activities is needed. This necessitates a further insight into how exercise-elevated endorphins (â-EP) affect mood state outside laboratory conditions. Therefore, a further investigation of people involved in physical recreation activities outdoors is envisaged.

Physical Activity and Survival in Elderly People: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Sihvonen ◽  
Taina Rantanen ◽  
Eino Heikkinen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Old Men ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Baseline Physical Activity

Changes in physical activity levels were followed over 5 years and the relationship between baseline physical activity and survival was investigated among residents of Jyväskylä. Baseline interviews were carried out for 109 men and 204 women age 75, and 67 men and 178 women age 80. At the time of the follow-up interviews 5 years later. 23 men and 37 women who were age 75 at baseline and 23 men and 50 women who were age 80 at baseline had died. Activity decreased significantly over the 5-year period in all groups. A greater proportion of women than men decreased their activity level in both age groups. Physical activity was significantly associated with better survival (p = .006) in the 80-year-old women, and a similar significant difference (p = .024) was observed among 75-year-old men. The differences in the survival curves in the other groups, although similar, were not statistically significant due to the small number of subjects and lack of statistical power.

scholarly journals Fatigue is associated with physical inactivity in people with multiple sclerosis despite different environmental backgrounds: merging and comparing cohorts from Turkey and Israel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiye Tuba Ozdagar ◽  
Turhan Kahraman ◽  
Serkan Ozakbas ◽  
Anat Achiron ◽  
Alon Kalron
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract Background Examining physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) from different environmental backgrounds might increase understanding and awareness of inactivity in PwMS.Objectives To compare the level of physical activity in PwMS in Israel and Turkey and to examine the relationship between the level of physical activity with common disease-related symptoms and demographical characteristics of PwMS. Methods Cross-sectional data collected by two centers were combined. The physical activity level was determined by the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, and subsequently, classified into one of three subgroups: "active", "moderately active" and "insufficiently active". Logistic regressions determined the risks of insufficiently active PwMS, according to age, gender, body mass index, disability, impact of walking impairment, disease duration, type of MS and perceived fatigue. The analysis of variance test determined the differences between countries in terms of outcome variables.Results The study comprised 458 patients from Israel and 575 from Turkey; 68.2% Turkish PwMS were classified as insufficiently active compared with 52.0% of Israeli PwMS. The percentage of insufficiently active PwMS was significantly higher in those categorized as fatigued compared to non-fatigued in the total cohort (72.4% vs. 51.9%, p<0.001) and in each country separately. Based on the regression analysis, fatigue was the main factor associated with the insufficiently physically active group; odds ratio=1.968. Interpretation PwMS with increased fatigue tend to be physically inactive compared with the non-fatigued. This observation is supported by the merged data collected from two countries, Turkey and Israel, representing PwMS from different environmental backgrounds.

Investigating a Message Tailoring Strategy to Improve Efficacy of Activity Promotion Interventions: A Study Protocol (Preprint)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Sadat Rezai ◽  
Catherine Marie Burns
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Regulatory Focus Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Focus Theory

BACKGROUND There have been challenges in designing effective behaviour-change interventions, including those that promote physical activity. One of the key reasons is that many of those systems do not account for individuals’ characteristics and their psychological differences, which affect their approach toward adopting target behaviour. For decades, tailoring has been used as a common technique to effectively communicate health-related information to persuade people to follow a healthier living. However, its use in the design of persuasive technologies has not been adequately investigated. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research is to explore the effects of tailoring when it is grounded in Higgins’ regulatory focus theory. METHODS A combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies has been proposed to examine how individuals’ intention to become more physically active would be affected by receiving health messages that may or may not match their self-regulatory orientation. The research would also subjectively, as well as objectively, measures the changes in individuals’ physical activity level. RESULTS The anticipated completion date for the consequent studies is December 2016. CONCLUSIONS In this article, the importance of refining message-framing research questions and a stepwise approach to develop an efficient experimental design to examine a new tailoring strategy is discussed. A set of small studies is proposed that would inform the best approach to design the principal experiment. The findings of principal experiment will provide a deeper insight into the relationship between regulatory-focus theory, persuasive message construction, and individuals’ physical activity behaviour.

scholarly journals The risk of venous thromboembolism and physical activity level, especially high level: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Danin-Mankowitz ◽  
A. Ugarph-Morawski ◽  
F. Braunschweig ◽  
P. Wändell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cause of cardiovascular disease. Connection between high level of physical activity (PA) and the onset of VTE is unknown. We searched the literature on the possible association between PA level, especially high levels, and the risk of VTE. A systematic review was carried out to identify relevant articles on the relation between PA level and VTE. The initial search was conducted together with the Karolinska Institutet University Library in February 2018, with follow-up searches after that. In total, 4383 records were found and then screened for exclusion of duplicates and articles outside the area of interest. In total, 16 articles with data on 3 or more levels of PA were included. Of these, 12 were cohort and 4 were case-control studies. Totally 13 studies aimed at investigating VTE cases primarily, while three studies had other primary outcomes. Of the 16 studies, five found a U-shaped association between PA level and VTE risk, although non-significant in three of them. Two articles described an association between a more intense physical activity and a higher risk of VTE, which was significant in one. Nine studies found associations between increasing PA levels and a decreasing VTE risk. Available literature provides diverging results as to the association between high levels of PA and the risk of venous thromboembolism, but with several studies showing an association. Further research is warranted to clarify the relationship between high level PA and VTE.

scholarly journals Analysis of Relationship between the Body Mass Composition and Physical Activity with Body Posture in Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽  
Maciej Rachwał ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Body Mass Composition ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Excessive body mass in turn may contribute to the development of many health disorders including disorders of musculoskeletal system, which still develops intensively at that time.Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between children’s body mass composition and body posture. The relationship between physical activity level of children and the parameters characterizing their posture was also evaluated.Material and Methods. 120 school age children between 11 and 13 years were enrolled in the study, including 61 girls and 59 boys. Each study participant had the posture evaluated with the photogrammetric method using the projection moiré phenomenon. Moreover, body mass composition and the level of physical activity were evaluated.Results. Children with the lowest content of muscle tissue showed the highest difference in the height of the inferior angles of the scapulas in the coronal plane. Children with excessive body fat had less slope of the thoracic-lumbar spine, greater difference in the depth of the inferior angles of the scapula, and greater angle of the shoulder line. The individuals with higher level of physical activity have a smaller angle of body inclination.Conclusion. The content of muscle tissue, adipose tissue, and physical activity level determines the variability of the parameter characterizing the body posture.

Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Daily Physical Activity in 7- to 12-Year-Old Boys

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa ◽  
Mohammed A. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Time ◽  
The Relationship

The present study examined the relationship between maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and daily physical activity in a group of 7- to 12-year-old boys. V̇O2max was assessed through the incremental treadmill test using an open circuit system. Physical activity level was obtained from heart rate telemetry outside of school time for 8 hrs during weekdays and during 40 min of physical education classes. The findings indicated that the absolute value of V̇O2max increased with age, while relative to body weight it remained almost the same across age, with a mean of 48.4 ml · kg−1 · min−1. Moreover, heart rate telemetry showed that the boys spent a limited amount of time on activities that raise the heart rate to a level above 160 bpm (an average of 1.9%). In addition, V̇O2max was found to be significantly related to the percentage of time spent at activity levels at or above a heart rate of 140 bpm, but not with activity levels at or above a heart rate of 160 bpm.

scholarly journals Relationship between the intention–behavior gap and self-efficacy for physical activity during childhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsunenori Isa ◽  
Yuya Ueda ◽  
Ryo Nakamura ◽  
Shogo Misu ◽  
Rei Ono
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Education Interventions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Actual Participation

This study investigated the relationship of a gap between the intent to be physically active and actual participation in physical activity (‘intention–behavior gap’) and self-efficacy for physical activity during childhood. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect information from 946 children from the fourth and sixth grades in Japan on self-efficacy, intention, and physical activity. Children with an intention–behavior gap (high intent–low activity or low intent–high activity) had higher self-efficacy scores than those with low intent and low activity (27.66 or 27.65 vs. 21.69; p < .001). They had lower self-efficacy scores than those with high intent and high activity (27.66 or 27.65 vs. 30.56; p < .001). Children with an intention–behavior gap had lower self-efficacy for physical activity than those who intended to be and were physically active. Such children may benefit from education interventions that focus on improving self-efficacy.

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