Isokinetic Measurement of Maximal Muscle Power during Leg Cycling: A Comparison of Adolescent Boys and Adult Men

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Williams ◽  
Peter Keen
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Power ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Optimal Velocity ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Velocity Relationship ◽  
Leg Cycling

This study investigated the maximal isokinetic muscle power characteristics in adolescent boys and adult men by comparing voluntary maximal efforts on a novel isokinetic cycling ergometer. Thirteen boys and 12 men performed between seven and ten 6-s (unpaced, maximal) sprints at crank velocities ranging from 80–170 rev · min−1 (8.3–17.8 rad · s−1). Maximum power over a single revolution (Pmax) and mean power for the total of complete revolutions in 5 s (MP5s) were recorded, and the optimal crank velocity for both parameters was calculated for each subject. Men’s Pmax were significantly higher (P < .05) than boys. There were no significant differences in the optimal velocity at Pmax and MP5s or the theoretical maximum velocity at Pmax and MP5s for men or boys. All subjects showed a linear torque velocity relationship (r > 0.90) for both Pmax and MP5s. Absolute differences in isokinetic power between adolescent boys and adult men cannot be attributable to the differences in crank pedal velocities as optimal velocities were similar in both groups.

Effects of Combined Training Loads on Relations Among Force, Velocity, and Power Development

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Toji ◽  
Kensaku Suei ◽  
Masahiro Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Power ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Velocity Relation ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Key Words Muscle

The effects of different training programs on the force-velocity relation and the maximum power output from the elbow flexor muscles were examined in 12 male adults. The subjects were divided into two equal groups (G30 + 100 and G30 + 0), In the G30 + 100 group, training was performed with five, repetitions at 30% maximum strength (Fmax) and five isometric contractions (100% Fmax) and in the G30 + 0 group with five repetitions at 30% Fmax and five contractions with no load (0% Fmax). Training was performed 3 days a week for 11 weeks. Maximum power increased significantly in both groups after training. The power increase was significantly greater in the G30 + 100 group. Maximum strength was significantly higher only in the G30 + 100 group, while maximum velocity increased in both groups. No significant difference in strength or velocity gain was observed between the two groups. These results suggest that isometric training at maximum strength (100% Fmax) is a more effective form of supplementary training to increase power production than no load training at maximum velocity. Key words: muscle training, force-velocity relation, muscle power

scholarly journals Effects of cross-bridge compliance on the force-velocity relationship and muscle power output

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0190335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel J. Fenwick ◽  
Alexander M. Wood ◽  
Bertrand C. W. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Cross Bridge ◽  
Velocity Relationship ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Muscle Power Output

scholarly journals Share of Strength Parameters of Bench Press and Barbell Bench Pull on a Horizontal Bench in Sports Performance in Kayak Disciplines

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Broďáni ◽  
Natália Dvořáčková ◽  
Monika Czaková ◽  
Zdenek Malík ◽  
Peter Lopata
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Team Members ◽  
National Team

The objective of the study was to deal with the ratio of the parameters of maximum muscle power and power endurance and explain their contribution to the sports performance in kayak disciplines of Slovakia National Team members. Material and methods. Strength parameters were monitored by Tendo Power Analyser in the barbell bench press and pull on a horizontal bench. A diagnostic series of maximum power and effective repetition test for power endurance was performed at both, barbell bench press and bench pull exercises. Determining the factors limiting sports performance in kayak disciplines 200 meters, 500 meters, 1,000 meters, 5,000 meters, and marathon 21,500 meters, the evaluation of dependence between all power variables were used. The stepwise regression was used to reduce the indicators.  Results. It was found out that in kayak sprint disciplines (200 meters, 500 meters) the sports performance in the kayak is influenced by the barbell bench pull more than bench press on the horizontal bench when speaking about the strength parameters. In the middle-distance disciplines (1,000 meters), the ratio of strength parameters is balanced. As the length of kayak disciplines increases (5,000 meters and 21,500 meters), the ratio of strength parameters has changed in favor of the barbell bench press. From the parameters of maximum muscle performance and muscle endurance measured in the barbell bench press and pull on a horizontal bench, the average power of power endurance was demonstrated to explain the sports performance in kayak disciplines.  Conclusion. From the parameters of maximum power and power endurance in the bench press and bench pull in all kayak disciplines, the parameter of average power in power endurance was proved to explain sports performance. Knowledge of these factors will allow optimizing the content of sports training of kayakers, the process of developing their strength skills, and their transformation process into a structure of sports performance and kayaking paddling technique. 

scholarly journals The Effect of Quadriceps Kinesio Taping on the Anaerobic Muscle Power and Anaerobic Threshold of Active Male Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Behboodi ◽  
Marefat Siahkohian ◽  
Mohsen Barghamadi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Functional Value

Introdution: The Purpose of this study examined the effect of Kinesio taping the quadriceps femurs muscle of active students on anaerobic muscle power (AMP) and the anaerobic threshold (AT) to analyze the functional value of taping on athletic performance capacity. Methods: Twenty eight male healthy students with a mean age of 22.02±2.2 years were enrolled in this study voluntarily and randomly divided into two groups of taping (n=13) and control (n=15) groups. The anaerobic muscle power (AMP) was measured by the Wingate test, and the anaerobic threshold of participants was measured by a dependent maximal treadmill protocol (Conconi Test) with a week gap. Kinesio tapes, 5 cm in width, were applied to quadriceps femurs muscles of participants. The anaerobic threshold was evaluated after 7 days taping, then after 7 days, the anaerobic muscle power was re-evaluated. Normality of data and homogeneity were tested by Shapiro–Wilk test. Paired sample t-test for within groups and independent t-test for between groups comparison were used to analyses the hypotheses (P≤0.05). Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between pre and posttest of total time, total distance, maximum velocity, LTP1, anaerobic capacity, maximum power and anaerobic capacity ratio after taping. There were no significant differences between pre and posttest in the control group. Conclusion: Taping of the quadriceps femurs muscle of active students was effective on the anaerobic muscle power and the anaerobic threshold, indicating its beneficial effects for athletic performance

Recovery processes after repeated supramaximal exercise at the altitude of 4,350 m

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1897-1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Robach ◽  
Daniel Biou ◽  
Jean-Pierre Herry ◽  
Denis Deberne ◽  
Murielle Letournel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Supramaximal Exercise ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Repeated Sprints ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Exercise Induced

Robach, Paul, Daniel Biou, Jean-Pierre Herry, Denis Deberne, Murielle Letournel, Jenny Vaysse, and Jean-Paul Richalet. Recovery processes after repeated supramaximal exercise at the altitude of 4,350 m. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(6): 1897–1904, 1997.—We tested the hypothesis that prolonged exposure to high altitude would impair the restoration of muscle power during repeated sprints. Seven subjects performed two 20-s Wingate tests (WT1 and WT2) separated by 5 min of recovery, at sea level (N) and after 5–6 days at 4,350 m (H). Mean power output (MPO) and O2 deficit were measured during WT. O2 uptake (V˙o 2) and ventilation (V˙e) were measured continuously. Blood velocity in the femoral artery (FBV) was recorded by Doppler ultrasound during recovery. Arterialized blood pH and concentrations of bicarbonate ([[Formula: see text]]), venous plasma lactate ([La−]), norepinephrine ([NE]), and epinephrine ([Epi]) were measured before and after WT1 and WT2. MPO decreased between WT1 and WT2 by 6.9% in N ( P < 0.05) and by 10.7% in H ( P < 0.01). H did not further decrease MPO. O2 deficit decreased between WT1 and WT2 in H only ( P < 0.01). PeakV˙o 2 after WT was reduced by 30–40% in H ( P < 0.01), but excess postexercise O2 consumption was not significantly lowered in H. During recovery in H compared with N, V˙e, exercise-induced acidosis, and [NE] were higher, [Epi] tended to be higher, [La−] was not altered, and [[Formula: see text]] and FBV were lower. The similar [La−] accumulation was associated with a higher exercise-induced acidosis and a larger increase in [NE] in H. We concluded from this study that prolonged exposure to high altitude did not significantly impair the restoration of muscle power during repeated sprints, despite a limitation of aerobic processes during early recovery.

scholarly journals Contributions of Anthropometric and Strength Determinants to Estimate 2000 m Ergometer Performance in Traditional Rowing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6562
Author(s):  
Sergio Sebastia-Amat ◽  
Alfonso Penichet-Tomas ◽  
Jose M. Jimenez-Olmedo ◽  
Basilio Pueo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Rowing Performance ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics

The purpose of this study was to analyze the contribution of anthropometric and strength determinants of 2000 m ergometer performance in traditional rowing. Nineteen rowers competing at national level participated in this study. Anthropometric characteristics, vertical jumps and bench pull tests were assessed to determine conditional factors, whereas the 2000 m test was used to set rowing performance. Pearson correlation coefficient, linear stepwise and allometric regression analyses were used to predict rowing performance (R2 > 50%). Height, body mass and body muscle correlated with rowing performance in male and female rowers. Similarly, power output for squat jump and countermovement jump power correlated with performance. Finally, mean propulsive velocity, mean power and maximum power in bench pull also correlated with the test. Stepwise multiple regression analysis identified body mass (R2 = 0.69, p < 0.001) and mean propulsive velocity in bench pull (R2 = 0.76, p < 0.001) for male rowers and body muscle (R2 = 0.89, p = 0.002) and maximum power in bench pull (R2 = 0.62, p = 0.036) for female rowers as the best predictors of rowing performance. These results determine the relevance of anthropometric characteristics and, in contrast to Olympic rowing, support the greatest importance of upper body power in traditional rowing training.

Force–Velocity Relationship of Upper Body Muscles: Traditional Versus Ballistic Bench Press

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amador García-Ramos ◽  
Slobodan Jaric ◽  
Paulino Padial ◽  
Belén Feriche
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Velocity Relationship ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Relationship Of

This study aimed to (1) evaluate the linearity of the force–velocity relationship, as well as the reliability of maximum force (F0), maximum velocity (V0), slope (a), and maximum power (P0); (2) compare these parameters between the traditional and ballistic bench press (BP); and (3) determine the correlation of F0 with the directly measured BP 1-repetition maximum (1RM). Thirty-two men randomly performed 2 sessions of traditional BP and 2 sessions of ballistic BP during 2 consecutive weeks. Both the maximum and mean values of force and velocity were recorded when loaded by 20–70% of 1RM. All force–velocity relationships were strongly linear (r > .99). While F0 and P0 were highly reliable (ICC: 0.91–0.96, CV: 3.8–5.1%), lower reliability was observed for V0 and a (ICC: 0.49–0.81, CV: 6.6–11.8%). Trivial differences between exercises were found for F0 (ES: < 0.2), however the a was higher for the traditional BP (ES: 0.68–0.94), and V0 (ES: 1.04–1.48) and P0 (ES: 0.65–0.72) for the ballistic BP. The F0 strongly correlated with BP 1RM (r: 0.915–0.938). The force–velocity relationship is useful to assess the upper body maximal capabilities to generate force, velocity, and power.

scholarly journals Prospective Associations of Concerns About Physique and the Development of Obesity, Binge Drinking, and Drug Use Among Adolescent Boys and Young Adult Men

2014 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Field ◽  
Kendrin R. Sonneville ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Sonja A. Swanson ◽  
Kamryn T. Eddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Adult Men

scholarly journals Lower limbs anaerobic performance men with intellectual disabilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Judit Lencse-Mucha ◽  
Bartosz Molik ◽  
Wojciech Petelicki ◽  
Jolanta Marszałek ◽  
Kalina Kaźmierska-Kowalewska
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Wingate Test ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Level Of Motivation

AbstractIntroduction: Persons with intellectual disabilities are faced with many obstacles in performing physical activity. The trigger may be coming from genetics, environmental factors (eg. financial), as well as psychological related, inter alia, the level of motivation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anaerobic performance of the lower limbs of men with intellectual disabilities. Another aim of this study was to compare the anaerobic performance of physically active and inactive men with intellectual disabilities.Material and methods: The participants of the study were 22 physically active men and 9 physically inactive man with intellectual disability. All participants performed a 30-second Wingate test twice. The following parameters were evaluated the mean power (MP), the relative mean power (rMP), the maximum power (PP), the relative maximum power (rPP) and fatigue index (FI). We compared the results obtained in both tests 30-second to examine the reliability and the values obtained in the test between active and inactive persons .Results: The results showed significant correlations between all power parameters studied, except for the fatigue index. All parameters of physically active group with intellectual disabilities achieved significantly better results relative then inactive persons.Conclusions: The reliability of 30-second Wingate test for persons with intellectual disabilities were confirmed. Also confirmed a higher power level inactive men with intellectual disabilities in relation to the untrained men.

scholarly journals Effects of core Balance and Plyometric Training on Anaerobic Power and Dynamic Postural Stability in Youth Taekwondo Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Buong-O Chun ◽  
Sang-Hyup Choi ◽  
Jong-Baek Lee ◽  
EonHo Kim ◽  
KiHyuk Lee
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Relative Fitness ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Core Strength

PURPOSE: Muscle strength, power, speed, postural stability, and anaerobic power are important physical fitness factors required to perform well in a taekwondo competition. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of core balance and plyometric training on physical fitness in young taekwondo athletes.METHODS: Nine young taekwondo athletes participated in this program. Body composition and relative fitness (muscle power, core strength, agility, postural stability, anaerobic power, and isokinetic muscle function) were measured before and after training. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). A paired t-test (pre vs. post) was used for the analysis.RESULTS:The core strength measured by the sit-up count changed significantly after training (<i>p</i><.05). In case of postural stability, the right absolute reach distance in the Y-balance test improved significantly after training (<i>p</i><.05). In case of anaerobic power, the mean power (<i>p</i><.01) and the peak power (<i>p</i><.01) increased significantly after training.CONCLUSIONS:We demonstrated that 8 weeks of core balance and plyometric training enhanced core strength, balance, and anaerobic power in young taekwondo athletes. Our results suggest that core balance and plyometric training are effective in improving muscle strength, core strength, balance, and anaerobic power.

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