Skeletal and muscular robustness and physical fitness of Polish children and adolescents (3–18 years) with normal weight and overweight/obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kryst ◽  
Magdalena Żegleń ◽  
Agnieszka Woronkowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Kowal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Normal Weight

scholarly journals Association between Weight Status and Physical Fitness in Chinese Mainland Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Yatao Xu ◽  
Maorong Mei ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Qingwei Yan ◽  
Gang He
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
High Odds ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Fitness Index

Background: The increasing prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents is a major public health challenge worldwide. This study examined the relationship between physical fitness and BMI spanning the range from underweight to obese among Chinese mainland children and adolescents. Methods: Participants were 22,681 children and adolescents (11,300 boys and 11,381 girls) aged 10–18 years from the Chinese mainland. Weight status was classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese using WHO 2007 standards. Physical fitness parameters such as cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), lower body explosive strength (standing broad jump), upper body explosive strength (handgrip strength), abdominal muscular endurance (sit-ups in 30 s), flexibility (sit-and-reach), and agility (repeat bestride (20 s)) were assessed. Results: There was a significant association between weight status categories and physical fitness in all age groups and sex (plinear < 0.001, pquadratic < 0.001). Underweight adolescents performed better in lower limb strength, flexibility, agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness than their obese peers, but worse in upper limb strength. Underweight boys aged 10–11 and 12–13 years and girls aged 10–11 years showed significantly (p < 0.05) high odds of meeting a low physical fitness index. Obese adolescents have high odds of meeting a low physical fitness index with age. Conclusion: The present study showed a nonlinear relationship between weight status and physical fitness. Children and adolescents who were classified as underweight or obese had poorer physical fitness than their normal-weight peers.

scholarly journals Percentile Curves for Multiple Physical Fitness Components Among Chinese Han Children and Adolescents Aged 7–18 Years From a National Survey Based on the Total and the Normal Weight Population

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ma ◽  
Jiajia Dang ◽  
Yunfei Liu ◽  
Panliang Zhong ◽  
Xiaojin Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
National Level ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Percentile Curves

Introduction: To develop sex- and age-specific percentile curves for seven physical fitness components for Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7–18 years based on the total and the normal weight population using a nationally representative sample.Methods: A total of 214,228 Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7–18 years old with all nutritional status and 161,999 with normal weight were examined. Seven physical fitness components [forced vital capacity (FVC), standing long jump (SLJ), 50-m dash, sit-and-reach (SR), grip strength (GS), body muscle strength (BMS), and endurance running (ER)] were measured, and percentile curves for each physical fitness component at the 20th, 40th, 60th, and 80th percentiles were calculated using the general additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS).Results: Physical fitness presents different characteristics in each subgroup of sex, age, and nutritional status among children and adolescents. Sex- and age-specific percentiles for the seven physical fitness components among the Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7–18 years based on the total and the normal weight population were provided as curves. Boys performed better than girls in FVC, SLJ, 50-m dash, GS, and ER but worse in SR. The performances of FVC, SLJ, 50-m dash, GS, BMS, and ER increased with age, but the estimates of SR were at the bottom among boys aged 12 years and girls aged 11 years. The annual increments of all components were larger in boys than girls at the peak time, which was earlier in girls than boys. The gap of physical fitness components between sexes increased with age, especially during puberty (since after 11 years old).Conclusion: The present study described the percentile curves of seven physical fitness components among the Chinese Han children and adolescents based on the total and the normal weight population at the national level, which could help to chart the level of physical fitness across age span and identify the extreme populations with either health concerns or potential talents.

scholarly journals Secular Trend in the Physical Fitness of Xinjiang Children and Adolescents between 1985 and 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunjian Bi ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Yang Gu ◽  
Yi Song ◽  
Xiaodi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Southern Xinjiang

We assessed trends in physical fitness by age group and nutrition status among children and adolescents in Xinjiang during 1985–2014. The data of 49,357 participants aged 7–18 were extracted in 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2014. Growth and nutritional status were defined using World Health Organization definitions. A physical fitness indicator (PFI) was calculated as the sum of six components measured in every survey. The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and PFI was investigated using nonlinear regression. Taking 1985 as a reference, PFI increased to 2 in 1995 and then fell sharply to −2.8 in 2005 and −3.8 in 2014. The prevalence of normal weight increased from 87.5% in 1985 to 89.4% in 1995 and then decreased to 75.2%, consistent with the change in PFI. The relationship between BMI and PFI showed an inverted U-shaped curve. The largest increment occurred in boys aged 13–15 and girls aged 16–18 during 1985–1995; the largest decline occurred in boys and girls aged 10–12 during 1995–2005. Our research provides a reference for local governments providing nutrition subsidies and projects in southern Xinjiang, indicating that greater attention is needed for children aged 7–12.

scholarly journals Meeting the Physical Activity Recommendations and Its Relationship with Obesity-Related Parameters, Physical Fitness, Screen Time, and Mediterranean Diet in Schoolchildren

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
José Francisco López-Gil ◽  
Javier Brazo-Sayavera ◽  
Wagner de Campos ◽  
Juan Luis Yuste Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fitness Score ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Recommendations

The up-to-date scientific evidence suggests that adequate levels of physical activity provide essential health benefits for children and adolescents and help to maintain a healthy body weight. In this sense, children and adolescents should at least accumulate 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in a daily basis to achieve these benefits and be considered active. Likewise, some lifestyle-related elements may interact with each other in an antagonistic or synergistic way to modify physical activity status. Thus, a better understanding of how meeting physical activity recommendations influences these potentially modifiable lifestyle factors (obesity-related parameters, physical fitness, dietary habits, or sedentary behaviour) would significantly reinforce the importance of complying with those recommendations from a health perspective and support the establishment of strategies for the promotion of diminishing the lower trends of physical activity among the young population. This study seeks to verify the association of meeting physical activity international recommendations with obesity-related parameters, global physical fitness, screen time, and Mediterranean diet in Spanish schoolchildren aged 8 to 13. A cross-sectional study was performed including 250 schoolchildren (41.2% girls) aged 8–13 (9.7 ± 1.2) from six primary schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain). Results: A higher proportion of children who complying with physical activity recommendations shows normal weight, no abdominal obesity, and low adiposity in comparison to other with different obesity-related parameters categories. Higher values in global physical fitness score were found in those who meet the physical activity international recommendations in both sexes. These higher values were also shown for adherence to the Mediterranean diet in both sexes; not being so in the case of screen time. Notwithstanding, none of these mean differences were statistically significant. To conclude, the proportion of schoolchildren meeting the physical activity recommendations in our study is low. A higher proportion of children who meet with physical activity recommendations present normal weight, no abdominal obesity and low adiposity in comparison to other obesity-related parameters categories in both sexes. Likewise, those considered as active children seem to have higher global physical fitness score and adherence to the Mediterranean diet than children who do not meet the recommendations.

scholarly journals Normal-Weight Obesity Is Associated with Poorer Cardiometabolic Profile and Lower Physical Fitness Levels in Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho ◽  
Gloria Eugenia Camargo-Villalba ◽  
Nubia Mercedes González-Jiménez ◽  
Mikel Izquierdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Normal Weight Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Normal-weight obesity (NWO) syndrome has been shown to be associated with cardiometabolic dysfunction. However, little is known regarding this potential relationship in Latin American children and adolescents. The aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to investigate whether Colombian youth with NWO syndrome have a poorer cardiometabolic profile and physical fitness performance than normal-weight lean (NWL) peers; and (ii) to determine if physical fitness levels are related to prevalence of normal-weight obesity in youth. This was an analytical cross-sectional study of 1919 youths (9–179 years old, 53.0% girls) in the capital area of Colombia. NWO was defined as a body mass index < 25 kg/m2 and a validated body fat percentage above the sex-age-specific 90th percentile for Colombian children and adolescents. Body fat was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was estimated using the 20-meter shuttle run test, and muscular fitness with the handgrip test. Biochemical profile blood samples were collected for cardiometabolic risk factors. After adjusting for chronological age, pubertal stage, and Mediterranean diet adherence, the NWO group (boys and girls) had significantly higher values for cardiometabolic risk factors, and waist circumference (WC) than the NWL group. The prevalence of NWO was lower in youth classified with healthy CRF (boys, odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37 to 0.78; girls, OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.50), p < 0.001. Our findings indicate that using only body mass index for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk likely misrepresents true adiposity and suggest the need to include the assessment of body fat in the routine clinical evaluation of individuals during childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Secular Trends in the Physical Fitness of Underweight, Overweight, and Obese Girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Jerzy Saczuk ◽  
Agnieszka Wasiluk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Student’S T

AbstractIntroduction. Along with the changing socio-economic status of the Polish society, differences in the nutritional statuses of children and adolescents as well as a decrease in their physical fitness are becoming apparent. The aim of the study was to determine ten-year changes in the physical fitness of girls with normal weight-to-height ratios compared to their underweight, overweight, and obese peers.Material and methods.A total of 5,760 girls aged 13-18 years were examined in 2006, and 2,669 girls were evaluated ten years later. The participants of the study underwent the Eurofit tests, and their height and weight were measured, which made it possible to calculate BMI. The subjects were divided into groups based on the recommendations of the International Obesity Task Force. Ten-year differences in physical fitness were expressed in T-scale points, and their magnitude was estimated using Student’s t-test for independent samples. The frequency of underweight and excess weight was expressed in percentages, and the size of statistical differences between the groups was evaluated using the χ2 test.Results. During the decade analysed, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the group of girls increased and that of underweight decreased. From 2006 to 2016, there were no significant changes in the physical fitness of the girls, neither in the calculations for the entire population nor in the group with normal BMI. On the other hand, an improvement in the level of physical fitness of under-weight girls and its decrease in overweight and obese subjects were observed. However, the changes were not consistent across all Eurofit tests.Conclusion. The changes in the weight-to-height ratios and physical fitness of the girls who participated in the study show that there is a need to undertake inter-ministerial corrective actions aimed at increasing the physical activity of children and adolescents, with particular emphasis on students with excess body weight.

Variable relationship of fat mass and bone with pubertal staging in obese and normal weight Indian children and adolescents

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadilkar Anuradha ◽  
Ekbote Veena ◽  
Pandit Deepa ◽  
Chiplonkar Shashi ◽  
Zulf Mughal M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Active Video Games for Improving Mental Health and Physical Fitness—An Alternative for Children and Adolescents during Social Isolation: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isis Kelly dos Santos ◽  
Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha de Medeiros ◽  
Jason Azevedo de Medeiros ◽  
Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto ◽  
Dianne Cristina Souza de Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Active Video Games ◽  
Moderate Quality ◽  
Active Video

The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the effects of active video games (AVGs) on mental health, physical fitness and body composition of children and adolescents. A search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed; MEDLINE (by Ovid); SportDiscus, Cochrane library systematic reviews (CENTRAL) and EMBASE with no language restrictions during October 2020. Reviews on the use of AVGs were included in the study. We use the AMSTAR (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews) scale to analyze the methodological quality of the studies. Seventeen systematic reviews and meta-analyzes were included on the effects of AVGs with 30 to 4728 children and adolescents of both sexes with ages ranging from 6 to 19 years. In five studies, the population was overweight or obese. Regarding the quality, 12 studies were of moderate quality, two had high quality, two had low quality and one showed very low quality. The analyzed data indicate that the use of AVGs with a frequency of 1 to 3 times a week with durations of between 10 and 90 min per day shows positive effects on mental health and physical functioning. There was moderate quality evidence that AVGs can result in benefits for self-esteem, increased energy expenditure, physical activity and reduced body mass index in children and adolescents who used AVGs in the home environment. Further research is needed on this tool to help in the process of social isolation and consequently in promoting health and well-being.

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