scholarly journals Transfer of Plasmid-Mediated CTX-M-9 from Salmonella enterica Serotype Virchow to Enterobacteriaceae in Human Flora-Associated Rats Treated with Cefixime

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Faure ◽  
A. Perrin-Guyomard ◽  
J. M. Delmas ◽  
P. Chatre ◽  
M. Laurentie
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Animal Strain ◽  
Human Flora ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

ABSTRACT Food animals are a potential source of CTX-M resistance genes for humans. We evaluated the transfer of the bla CTX-M-9 gene from an animal strain of Salmonella enterica serotype Virchow to Enterobacteriaceae of the human intestinal flora by using human flora-associated (HFA) rats with and without cefixime treatment. In the absence of antibiotic, no transconjugant enterobacteria were found in the feces of HFA rats. However, the transfer rate was high if Escherichia coli J5 recipient strains were coinoculated orally with Salmonella. S. enterica serotype Virchow persisted in the rat fecal flora both during and after treatment with therapeutic doses of cefixime. The drug did not increase the transfer rate, and E. coli J5 transconjugants were eliminated from the flora before the end of cefixime treatment. No cefixime was recovered in the rat feces. In the presence of recipient strains, the bla CTX-M-9 resistance gene was transferred from a strain of animal origin to the human intestinal flora, although transconjugant colonization was transient. Antibiotic use enhanced the persistence of donor strains, increasing the resistance gene pool and the risk of its spread.

scholarly journals Impact of Therapeutic Treatment with β-Lactam on Transfer of the blaCTX-M-9 Resistance Gene from Salmonella enterica Serovar Virchow to Escherichia coli in Gnotobiotic Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (17) ◽  
pp. 5523-5528 ◽  
Author(s):  
St�phanie Faure ◽  
Agn�s Perrin-Guyomard ◽  
Jean-Michel Delmas ◽  
Michel Laurentie
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chicken Farm ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

ABSTRACT The conjugative transfer of the plasmid carrying the bla CTX-M-9 gene from Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow isolated from a chicken farm to a recipient Escherichia coli strain was evaluated in vitro and in axenic rats inoculated with both strains, with or without selective pressure due to therapeutic doses of cefixime. The transfer of the bla CTX-M-9 gene of S. enterica serovar Virchow to E. coli was confirmed in vitro, at a low frequency of 5.9 � 10−8 transconjugants/donors. This transfer rate was higher in gnotobiotic rats and reached ∼10−5 transconjugants/donors without selective pressure. This frequency was not affected by the addition of therapeutic doses of cefixime. Thus, estimates of in vitro transfer underestimated potential transfer in the digestive tract, and therapeutic doses of cefixime did not increase the selection for transconjugants.

scholarly journals First Report of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant qnrS1 in an Escherichia coli Strain of Animal Origin in Italy

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 3112-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cerquetti ◽  
Aurora García-Fernández ◽  
Maria Giufrè ◽  
Daniela Fortini ◽  
Marisa Accogli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Resistance Determinant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Reservoir ◽  
First Report ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Positive Strain

ABSTRACT A qnrS1-positive strain of Escherichia coli was detected among 73 poultry isolates showing ciprofloxacin MICs of ≥0.125 μg/ml. The qnrS1 gene was associated with a Tn3-like transposon, as previously described to occur in a Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis strain of animal origin, but the plasmid scaffold carrying this element resembled that of a plasmid previously identified in Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin. These elements suggest genetic exchanges among Salmonella and E. coli and a potential animal reservoir for the qnr genes.

scholarly journals Genotypic-Phenotypic Discrepancies between Antibiotic Resistance Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolates from Calves in Management Settings with High and Low Antibiotic Use

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 3293-3299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Davis ◽  
Thomas E. Besser ◽  
Lisa H. Orfe ◽  
Katherine N. K. Baker ◽  
Amelia S. Lanier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Dairy Calf ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test

ABSTRACTWe hypothesized that bacterial populations growing in the absence of antibiotics will accumulate more resistance gene mutations than bacterial populations growing in the presence of antibiotics. If this is so, the prevalence of dysfunctional resistance genes (resistance pseudogenes) could provide a measure of the level of antibiotic exposure present in a given environment. As a proof-of-concept test, we assayed field strains ofEscherichia colifor their resistance genotypes using a resistance gene microarray and further characterized isolates that had resistance phenotype-genotype discrepancies. We found a small but significant association between the prevalence of isolates with resistance pseudogenes and the lower antibiotic use environment of a beef cow-calf operation versus a higher antibiotic use dairy calf ranch (Fisher's exact test,P= 0.044). Other significant findings include a very strong association between the dairy calf ranch isolates and phenotypes unexplained by well-known resistance genes (Fisher's exact test,P< 0.0001). Two novel resistance genes were discovered inE. coliisolates from the dairy calf ranch, one associated with resistance to aminoglycosides and one associated with resistance to trimethoprim. In addition, isolates resistant to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins but negative forblaCMY-2had mutations in the promoter regions of the chromosomalE. coliampCgene consistent with reported overexpression of native AmpC beta-lactamase. Similar mutations in hospitalE. coliisolates have been reported worldwide. Prevalence or rates ofE. coliampCpromoter mutations may be used as a marker for high expanded-spectrum cephalosporin use environments.

scholarly journals Lytic and Lysogenic Infection of DiverseEscherichia coli and Shigella Strains with a Verocytotoxigenic Bacteriophage

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 4335-4337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe E. James ◽  
Karen N. Stanley ◽  
Heather E. Allison ◽  
Harry J. Flint ◽  
Colin S. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Lytic Infection ◽  
Lytic Cycle ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Infected Cells

ABSTRACT A verocytotoxigenic bacteriophage isolated from a strain of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157, into which a kanamycin resistance gene (aph3) had been inserted to inactivate the verocytotoxin gene (vt2 ), was used to infect Enterobacteriaceae strains. A number ofShigella and E. coli strains were susceptible to lysogenic infection, and a smooth E. coli isolate (O107) was also susceptible to lytic infection. The lysogenized strains included different smooth E. coli serotypes of both human and animal origin, indicating that this bacteriophage has a substantial capacity to disseminate verocytotoxin genes. A novel indirect plaque assay utilizing an E. coli recA441 mutant in which phage-infected cells can enter only the lytic cycle, enabling detection of all infective phage, was developed.

scholarly journals Novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr-4 gene in Salmonella and Escherichia coli, Italy 2013, Spain and Belgium, 2015 to 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Carattoli ◽  
Laura Villa ◽  
Claudia Feudi ◽  
Ludovica Curcio ◽  
Serenella Orsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Gene Variant ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Novel Gene ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium

A novel mcr colistin resistance gene was identified in a strain of Salmonella enterica, monophasic variant of serovar Typhimurium (4,5,12:i:- ), isolated from a pig at slaughter in Italy in 2013, and in Escherichia coli strains collected during routine diagnostic of post-weaning diarrhoea in pigs from Spain and Belgium in 2015 and 2016. Immediate implementation of mcr-screening including this novel gene variant is required for Salmonella and E. coli from humans and food-producing animals in Europe.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from various samples of animal origin from Assam, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Das ◽  
Probodh Borah ◽  
R.K. Sharma ◽  
Dipika Malakar ◽  
G.K. Saikia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Gene Profiling ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gene Profiles ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Gentamicin Resistance ◽  
Cattle Faeces

AbstractExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae has become a major threat globally. Here we have characterized ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae from various sources, studied antibiogram and resistance gene profiles. Out of 385 samples, 31 (8.05%) were positive for ESBL producing E. coli. Such isolates could be recovered from 10.05, 8.33, 15.63, 6.67 and 4.35 per cent of cattle milk, curd, chicken, pork and cattle faeces samples, respectively. A total of 59 (15.32%) samples were positive for ESBL producing K. pneumoniae, which were isolated from 14.35, 6.25, 21.43 and 34.78 per cent cattle milk, chicken, beef and cattle faeces, respectively. All the 90 isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers by CDT and ESBL-E strip tests. Antibiogram revealed that 74.19% and 69.49% of the ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively showed resistance to ceftizoxime, 25.81% and 23.73% to both co-trimoxazole and tetracycline, 19.35% and 25.42% to ciprofloxacin, 9.68% and 16.95% to chloramphenicol, 3.23% and 5.08% to pipercillin-tazobactam, and 3.23% and 3.39% to gentamicin. Resistance gene profiling showed blaCTX-M gene as most predominant (100%). The blaTEM gene was found in 54.84% and 55.93%, blaSHV gene in 90.32% and 77.97%, Sul 1 gene in 90.32% and 86.44% of ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. The Int1 gene was detected in 70.97% and 62.71% isolates, while qnrB gene was found in 3.23% and 10.17% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF PHAGES ON BACTERIA AND THEIR VIABLE BUT NONCULTURABLE CELLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
T.A. Karachina ◽  
◽  
A.M. Abdullaeva ◽  
L.P. Blinkova ◽  
Yu.D. Pakhomov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Viable But Nonculturable ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Nonculturable Cells ◽  
Alternative Means

The growth in the use of antibiotic and chemical substances in meat processing plants shows the need to search for alternative means of decontamination, the most promising of which are bacteriophages. However, there are a lot of little-studied questions on their use, one of which is the effect of bacteriophages on viable but nonculturable (VBNC) cells of bacteria. In this regard, the article provides data on the analysis of the activity of commercial bacteriophages in relation to bacteriacontaminants of raw materials of animal origin, in particular E. coli and Salmonella enterica typhimurium, as well as their VBNC-cells.

scholarly journals Tetraciclyne Resistance Eschericia coli Isolated From Broiler Chicken Meat

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Rizca Putri ◽  
Enny Suswati ◽  
Laksmi Indreswari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Almost All

Antibiotic resistance is a serious health problem that have ben uneffective therapy. The cause of antibiotic resistance 80% comes from food of animal origin such as Broiler Chicken. E. coli contamination in antibiotic resistant chicken has been shown to transfer genetic factors between bacteria in the human intestinal system. Almost all broiler breeders use commercial feed containing tetracycline antibiotics. The use of antibiotics in the feed mixture is one of the risk factors for resistance. The aim of this study was to get an information of antibiotic resistance E. coli which isolated from broiler meat. Identification test of E. coli used two phase, presumtive test and confirmed test. Sensitivity test for E. coli to antibiotic by disc diffusion Kirby Bauer method. This study used 6 sample of upper thigh broiler meat, the antibiotic use tetracycline. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study show that from 6 isolate sample, there are 4 isolate identificated as E. coli and 2 isolate show resistance to the tetracycline antibiotic. The conclusion of this study showed resistance has occurred on 50% sample.  

scholarly journals PacBio Genome Sequences of Escherichia coli Serotype O157:H7, Diffusely Adherent E. coli, and Salmonella enterica Strains, All Carrying Plasmids with an mcr-1 Resistance Gene

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Lindsey ◽  
Dhwani Batra ◽  
Peyton Smith ◽  
Pooja N. Patel ◽  
Kaitlin A. Tagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Serotype O

We report here Illumina-corrected PacBio whole-genome sequences of an Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 strain (2017C-4109), an E. coli serotype O[undetermined]:H2 strain (2017C-4173W12), and a Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis strain (2017K-0021), all of which carried the mcr-1 resistance gene on an IncI2 or IncX4 plasmid.

scholarly journals Plasmid-Mediated Florfenicol Resistance Encoded by the floR Gene in Escherichia coli Isolated from Cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2858-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Cloeckaert ◽  
Sylvie Baucheron ◽  
Geraldine Flaujac ◽  
Stefan Schwarz ◽  
Corinna Kehrenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Flanking Regions ◽  
Origin Analysis

ABSTRACT A florfenicol resistance gene almost identical to floRof Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 was detected on 110- to 125-kb plasmids in Escherichia coliisolates of animal origin. Analysis of the floR gene flanking regions of one of the plasmids showed that they were different from those encountered in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104.

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