scholarly journals Multiantigen Print Immunoassay for Comparison of Diagnostic Antigens for Taenia solium Cysticercosis and Taeniasis

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukwan Handali ◽  
Molly Klarman ◽  
Amanda N. Gaspard ◽  
John Noh ◽  
Yeuk-Mui Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Lentil Lectin ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT One of the best-characterized tests for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay, developed at the CDC, which uses lentil lectin-purified glycoproteins (LLGPs) extracted from Taenia solium cysticerci. The purification of the LLGP antigens has been difficult to standardize, and the polyacrylamide gel system used for the immunoblot assay is not easily transferable to other laboratories. In this study, we developed a multiantigen printing immunoassay (MAPIA) to compare the performance of multiple recombinant Taenia solium proteins with the potential for the detection of cysticercosis and taeniasis. We prepared MAPIA strips using six cysticercosis and two taeniasis diagnostic proteins and compared the performance of the proteins with sera collected from defined cysticercosis and taeniasis cases. Of the six cysticercosis antigens, rT24H performed well in detecting cases with two or more viable cysts in the brain (sensitivity and specificity, 97% and 99.4%, respectively); the use of a combination of cysticercosis antigens did not improve the sensitivity of the test and decreased the specificity. None of the antigens could differentiate the different clinical presentations of cysticercosis. Both of the taeniasis antigens (rES33 and rES38) had the same sensitivity of 99.4% and specificities of 93.9% and 94.5%, respectively. Some cross-reactivity against rES33 and rES38 was found, especially with sera from cases infected with Schistosoma mansoni. We conclude that MAPIA is a simple and effective tool that may be used to compare antibody responses to different cysticercosis and taeniasis antigens and, in this case, may be useful for the rapid detection of T. solium cases.

scholarly journals Taenia saginata Metacestode Antigenic Fractions without Affinity to Concanavalin A Are an Important Source of Specific Antigens for the Diagnosis of Human Neurocysticercosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heliana B. Oliveira ◽  
Gleyce A. Machado ◽  
José R. Mineo ◽  
Julia M. Costa-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Taenia Saginata ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Unbound Fraction ◽  
Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Homologous Antigen

ABSTRACT Taenia saginata metacestode antigens have been constituted a useful alternative antigen for neurocysticercosis (NC) serodiagnosis, particularly due to an increasing difficulty to obtain Taenia solium homologous antigen. Cross-reactivity with Echinococcus granulosus infection occurs in homologous and heterologous antigens and could be avoided by using different purified methods. The present study evaluated antigen fractions obtained from saline extracts of T. saginata metacestodes purified by affinity chromatography with jacalin or concanavalin A (ConA) lectins to detect IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot analysis to diagnose human NC. Serum samples were collected from 142 individuals: 40 of them were diagnosed with NC, 62 presented Taenia sp. and other parasites, and 40 were apparently healthy individuals. The jacalin- and ConA-unbound fractions demonstrated sensitivity and specificity higher than those of bound fractions. Among unbound fractions, ConA demonstrated statistically higher sensitivity and specificity by ELISA (90% and 93.1%, respectively). By immunoblot assay, the 64- to 68-kDa component from the ConA-unbound fraction showed 100% sensitivity and specificity, making this component suitable for use as a specific antigen for diagnosis of NC. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the relevance of using the unbound ConA fraction of T. saginata metacestodes to diagnose NC. In conclusion, the results obtained herein clearly demonstrate that antigenic fractions without affinity to ConA, obtained from T. saginata metacestodes, are an important source of specific peptides and are efficient in the diagnosis of NC when tested by immunoblot assay.

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Cysticercus cellulosae by an Up-Converting Phosphor Technology-Based Lateral-Flow Assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejia Zhang ◽  
Yu Qi ◽  
Yaxuan Cui ◽  
Weiyi Song ◽  
Xinrui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
Porcine Cysticercosis ◽  
Cysticercus Cellulosae ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Cysticercosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the larvae of Taenia solium in pigs and humans. The current diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis is difficult, and traditional pathological tests cannot meet the needs of detection. This study established a UPT-LF assay for the detection of Cysticercus cellulosae. UCP particles were bound to two antigens, TSOL18 and GP50; samples were captured, and the signal from the UCP particles was converted into a detectable signal for analysis using a biosensor. Compared to ELISA, UPT-LF has higher sensitivity and specificity, with a sensitivity of 93.59% and 97.44%, respectively, in the case of TSOL18 and GP50 antigens and a specificity of 100% for both. Given its rapidness, small volume, high sensitivity and specificity, and good stability and reproducibility, this method could be used in the diagnosis of cysticercosis.

scholarly journals The diagnostic importance of species specific and cross-reactive components of Taenia solium, Echinococcus granulosus, and Hymenolepis nana

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Montenegro ◽  
Robert H. Gilman ◽  
Rosa Castillo ◽  
Victor Tsang ◽  
Joy Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Lentil Lectin ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Diagnostic Importance

Sera from patients infected with Taenia solium, Hymenolepis nana and Echinococcus granulosus were tested against homologous and heterologous parasite antigens using an ELISA assay, and a high degree of cross-reactivity was verified. To identify polypeptides responsible for this cross reactivity, the Enzyme Linked Immunoelectro Transfer Blot (EITB) was used. Sera from infected patients with T.solium, H.nana, and E.granulosus were assessed against crude, ammonium sulphate precipitated (TSASP), and lentil-lectin purified antigens of T.solium and crude antigens of.H.nana and E.granulosus. Several bands, recognized by sera from patients with T.solium, H.nana, and E.granulosus infections, were common to either two or all three cestodes. Unique reactive bands in H.nana were noted at 49 and 66 K-Da and in E.granulosus at 17-21 K-Da and at 27-32 K-Da. In the crude cysticercosis extract, a specific non glycoprotein band was present at 61-67 K-Da in addiction to specific glycoprotein bands of 50, 42, 24, 21, 18, 14, and 13 K-Da. None of the sera from patients with H.nana or E.granulosus infection cross reacted with these seven glycoprotein bands considered specific for T.solium infection.

scholarly journals Evaluation of two Taenia solium cysticercal antigenic preparations (vesicular fluid and a glycoprotein fraction with affinity for lentil lectin) for the immunodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandra Akemi Suzuki ◽  
Cláudio Lúcio Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Lectin Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Lentil Lectin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parasite Extract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of two antigenic preparations (vesicular fluid - VF and a glycoprotein fraction, LLa-Gp fraction, purified from a whole parasite extract by lentil lectin affinity chromatography) from Taenia solium cysticerci for the immunodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis. METHOD: Fifty-six cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (22 from patients with neurocysticercosis and 34 from patients with other neurological disorders) and 57 serum samples (22 from patients with neurocysticercosis, 18 from patients with other infections and 17 from presumably healthy persons) were assayed for anticysticercal IgG antibodies with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The VF ELISA showed 100% sensitivity and specificity in CSF and serum samples, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of the LLa-Gp ELISA were, respectively, 90.9% and 97.1%, with the CSF samples and 95.5% and 100% with serum samples. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity and specificity of the two antigenic preparations used to screen CSF and serum samples. CONCLUSION: Considering the complexity and high cost of obtaining the LLa-Gp fraction, VF could be more suitable for screening specific antibodies by ELISA in CSF and serum samples from patients with neurocysticercosis.

scholarly journals Waning antibody responses in COVID-19: what can we learn from the analysis of other coronaviruses?

Infection ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hamady ◽  
JinJu Lee ◽  
Zuzanna A. Loboda
Keyword(s):  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
Antibody Dynamics

Abstract Objectives The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Due to the continuing surge in incidence and mortality globally, determining whether protective, long-term immunity develops after initial infection or vaccination has become critical. Methods/Results In this narrative review, we evaluate the latest understanding of antibody-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and to other coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the four endemic human coronaviruses) in order to predict the consequences of antibody waning on long-term immunity against SARS-CoV-2. We summarise their antibody dynamics, including the potential effects of cross-reactivity and antibody waning on vaccination and other public health strategies. At present, based on our comparison with other coronaviruses we estimate that natural antibody-mediated protection for SARS-CoV-2 is likely to last for 1–2 years and therefore, if vaccine-induced antibodies follow a similar course, booster doses may be required. However, other factors such as memory B- and T-cells and new viral strains will also affect the duration of both natural and vaccine-mediated immunity. Conclusion Overall, antibody titres required for protection are yet to be established and inaccuracies of serological methods may be affecting this. We expect that with standardisation of serological testing and studies with longer follow-up, the implications of antibody waning will become clearer.

Development of an antigen-ELISA and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip based on monoclonal antibodies for detection of avian influenza A(H5) viruses

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110275
Author(s):  
Yixin Xiao ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Fumin Liu ◽  
Linfang Cheng ◽  
Hangping Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Immunochromatographic Strip ◽  
Antigen Elisa

Avian influenza A(H5) viruses (avian IAVs) pose a major threat to the economy and public health. We developed an antigen-ELISA (ag-ELISA) and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods displayed no cross-reactivity with other viruses (e.g., other avian IAVs, infectious bursal disease virus, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, avian paramyxovirus). The ag-ELISA was sensitive down to 0.5 hemagglutinin (HA) units/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses and 7.5 ng/mL of purified H5 HA proteins. The immunochromatographic strip was sensitive down to 1 HA unit/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods exhibited good reproducibility with CVs < 10%. For 200 random poultry samples, the sensitivity and specificity of the ag-ELISA were 92.6% and 98.8%, respectively, and for test strips were 88.9% and 98.3%, respectively. Both detection methods displayed high specificity, sensitivity, and stability, making them suitable for rapid detection and field investigation of avian A(H5) viruses.

scholarly journals A Novel Mutation of ATP7B Gene in a Case of Wilson Disease

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Cigdem Yuce Kahraman ◽  
Ali Islek ◽  
Abdulgani Tatar ◽  
Özlem Özdemir ◽  
Adil Mardinglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wilson Disease ◽  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Atp7b Gene ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Brain

Wilson disease (WD) (OMIM# 277900) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by excess copper (Cu) storage in different human tissues, such as the brain, liver, and the corneas of the eyes. It is a rare disorder that occurs in approximately 1 in 30,000 individuals. The clinical presentations of WD are highly varied, primarily consisting of hepatic and neurological conditions. WD is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the ATP7B gene. The diagnosis of the disease is complicated because of its heterogeneous phenotypes. The molecular genetic analysis encourages early diagnosis, treatment, and the opportunity to screen individuals at risk in the family. In this paper, we reported a case with a novel, hotspot-located mutation in WD. We have suggested that this mutation in the ATP7B gene might contribute to liver findings, progressing to liver failure with a loss of function effect. Besides this, if patients have liver symptoms in childhood and/or are children of consanguineous parents, WD should be considered during the evaluation of the patients.

scholarly journals Substance P Signaling Contributes to Granuloma Formation inTaenia crassicepsInfection, a Murine Model of Cysticercosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armandina Garza ◽  
David J. Tweardy ◽  
Joel Weinstock ◽  
Balaji Viswanathan ◽  
Prema Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Granuloma Formation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Granulomatous Reaction ◽  
Pain Transmission ◽  
Neurokinin 1 ◽  
The Brain

Cysticercosis is an infection with larval cysts of the cestodeTaenia solium. Through pathways that are incompletely understood, dying parasites initiate a granulomatous reaction that, in the brain, causes seizures. Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide involved in pain-transmission, contributes to inflammation and previously was detected in granulomas associated with deadT. crassicepscysts. To determine if SP contributes to granuloma formation, we measured granuloma-size and levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 within granulomas inT. crassiceps-infected wild type (WT) mice and mice deficient in SP-precursor (SPP) or the SP-receptor (neurokinin 1, NK1). Granuloma volumes of infected SPP- and NK1-knockout mice were reduced by 31 and 36%, respectively, compared to WT mice (P<.05for both) and produced up to 5-fold less IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 protein. Thus, SP signaling contributes to granuloma development and proinflammatory cytokine production inT. crassicepsinfection and suggests a potential role for this mediator in human cystercercosis.

scholarly journals Do intestinal parasites interfere with the seroepidemiologic surveillance of Schistosoma mansoni infection?

1996 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Alarcón De Noya ◽  
C. Colmenares ◽  
S. Losada ◽  
Z. Fermin ◽  
G. Masroua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Egg Antigen ◽  
Immunoenzymatic Assay

SUMMARYIn view of the known cross-reactivity of sera from patients with intestinal parasites to some Schistosoma mansoni antigens, field work was conducted in an area of Venezuela non-endemic for schistosomiasis using the routine immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) with soluble egg antigen (SEA). False positive reactions represented 15·3% of the total population as determined by SEA–ELISA. SEA-immunoblotting of the false positive sera indicated that protein fractions of 91 and 80 kDa appear to be responsible for cross-reactivity. Sera from hookworm infected individuals produced a higher frequency and intensity of cross-reaction than other sera. SEA-fractions of 105, 54, 46, 42, 32, 25 and 15 kDa were the most specific.

scholarly journals Rapidec Carba NP Test for Rapid Detection of Carbapenemase Producers

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 3003-3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Patrice Nordmann
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Content Type

Performances of the Rapidec Carba NP test (bioMérieux) were evaluated for detection of all types of carbapenemases inEnterobacteriaceae,Acinetobacter baumannii, andPseudomonas aeruginosa. In less than 2 h after sample preparation, it showed a sensitivity and specificity of 96%. This ready-to-use test is well adapted to the daily need for detection of carbapenemase producers in any laboratory worldwide.

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