EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION ON AIR TEMPERATURE/WATER TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP IN TWO SMALL, MOUNTAIN STREAMS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily R. Fedders ◽  
◽  
William P. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Relationship ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Temperature Water

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Microbiological Assessment of Selected Hand-Dug Wells for Water Quality in Ilesa Metropolis, Southwest Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Ayodele Jacob OMOTOSO ◽  
Esther Omotola DADA ◽  
Olaoluwa OYEDEJI
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Ambient Air Temperature ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Temperature Water

The present study investigated the physicochemical and microbiological assessment of selected hand-dug wells for water quality in Ilesa metropolis. The aim was to assess the groundwater quality. Twenty-five (25) hand-dug wells were randomly selected and water samples were collected four times spanning through the rainy and dry seasons. Physical parameters (ambient air temperature, water temperature, colour, turbidity and total dissolved solids), chemical (pH, conductivity, calcium, magnesium, total hardness, chlorides, sulphates, phosphates and nitrates) and microbiological parameters (total heterotrophic bacteria count, Escherichia coli and total heterotrophic fungi count) of the samples were examined. The data obtained were subjected to relevant statistical analysis. Results showed distinct seasonal variation in ambient air temperature, water temperature, pH and magnesium with highly significant different values at (p ˂ 0.01). Total hardness and sulphates concentrations had high significant different values in the dry season than in the rainy season (p ˂ 0.05) while the total heterotrophic bacteria count was significantly different at (p ˂ 0.001). The bacteria species isolated from well water samples were susceptible to pefloxacin and gentamicin. Comparing with international guide levels for drinking water, water samples were poor and unsuitable for drinking. The study concluded that the presence of multiple antibiotic resistant micro-organisms indicates a serious health hazard to the consumers of water obtained from these wells.

scholarly journals Relationship between the growth of euryale ferox salisb. And some limnological parameters

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Md Almujaddade Alfasane ◽  
Moniruzzaman Khondker ◽  
ZN Tahmida Begum
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Euryale Ferox ◽  
Temperature Water ◽  
Limnological Parameters

Euryale ferox was grown in meso-scale culture by using mature fresh fruits. Seeds kept dry for a few days were found completely non-viable. A two year ex situ study on the growth and the associated limnological parameters of E. ferox showed some distinct relationship. Among these petiole length of E. ferox positively correlated with photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), day length, rainfall, humidity, air temperature, water temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP). Among these parameters positive correlation between petiole length and rainfall was found to be significant at 1% level. Leaf area of E. ferox showed positive correlation with PAR, day length, rainfall, humidity, air temperature, water temperature, pH, TDS, conductivity, NO3-N, SRP and planktonic phaeopigment concentrations. Among these parameters positive correlation between leaf area and day length was found to be significant at 5% level. However, both leaf area and petiole length of E. ferox showed negative correlation with alkalinity, DO, soluble reactive silicate (SRS) and chlorophyll a. Key words: Euryale ferox; Growth; Limnological parameters DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i1.8942 DUJBS 2010; 19(1): 41-46

scholarly journals Effect of Climatic Factors and Habitat Characteristics on Anopheles Larval Density

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-355
Author(s):  
Noper Tulak ◽  
Handoko Handoko ◽  
Rini Hidayati ◽  
Upik Kesumawati ◽  
Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Temperature Water

Koya Barat village is one of the areas in Jayapura City which has high incidence of malaria. Malaria cases in this region are affected by local conditions, including the climate and environment of aquatic habitats.The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of climatic factors and habitat characteristics on Anopheleslarval density in Koya Barat village. The method used is field observation with descriptive and statistical analysis approach.The results showed that there are four parameters that significantly affect on larval density, namely rainfall, air temperature, water temperature and salinity. The relationship between rainfall with the larval density in freshwater permanent habitat is negative linear. While in brackish water permanent habitat and semi permanent habitat is non-linear (2nd order polynomial). The relationship between air temperature, water temperature and salinity with the larval density in freshwater habitat are positive linear, while in brackish water habitat and semi permanent habitat are negative linear.

scholarly journals Slow climate velocities of mountain streams portend their role as refugia for cold-water biodiversity

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (16) ◽  
pp. 4374-4379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Isaak ◽  
Michael K. Young ◽  
Charles H. Luce ◽  
Steven W. Hostetler ◽  
Seth J. Wenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern

The imminent demise of montane species is a recurrent theme in the climate change literature, particularly for aquatic species that are constrained to networks and elevational rather than latitudinal retreat as temperatures increase. Predictions of widespread species losses, however, have yet to be fulfilled despite decades of climate change, suggesting that trends are much weaker than anticipated and may be too subtle for detection given the widespread use of sparse water temperature datasets or imprecise surrogates like elevation and air temperature. Through application of large water-temperature databases evaluated for sensitivity to historical air-temperature variability and computationally interpolated to provide high-resolution thermal habitat information for a 222,000-km network, we estimate a less dire thermal plight for cold-water species within mountains of the northwestern United States. Stream warming rates and climate velocities were both relatively low for 1968–2011 (average warming rate = 0.101 °C/decade; median velocity = 1.07 km/decade) when air temperatures warmed at 0.21 °C/decade. Many cold-water vertebrate species occurred in a subset of the network characterized by low climate velocities, and three native species of conservation concern occurred in extremely cold, slow velocity environments (0.33–0.48 km/decade). Examination of aggressive warming scenarios indicated that although network climate velocities could increase, they remain low in headwaters because of strong local temperature gradients associated with topographic controls. Better information about changing hydrology and disturbance regimes is needed to complement these results, but rather than being climatic cul-de-sacs, many mountain streams appear poised to be redoubts for cold-water biodiversity this century.

scholarly journals Phytodiversity in Relation to Some Environmental Factors Of Some Wetland Habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094
Author(s):  
Md Almujaddade Alfasane ◽  
Safia Parveen ◽  
Naheed Mansoor ◽  
Mahmoud Moustafa ◽  
Ahmed Al Emam
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
One Year ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Wetland Habitats ◽  
Temperature Water

The present research work was carried out on phytodiversity in relation to some environmental factors of three ponds namely, Pond-1, Pond-2 and Pond-3 of Zanjira upazila at Shariatpur district, Bangladesh where a total of 13 parameters were measured for one year. Monthly average different parameters of three ponds varied : air temperature from 23.5-36.50˚  C, water temperature 21-30.50 ˚  C,pH 7.10-8.50, TDS 55-227 mg/l, EC 103-463 μS/cm, DO 2.90-19.94 mg/l, alkalinity 0.73-5.40 meq/l, SRP 7.11-229.84 μg/l, SRS0.84-13.34 mg/l, NO3-N0.02-0.96 mg/l, chla1. 18-31.97 μg/l, phaeopigment 0.26-5.46 μg/l and phytoplankton density 6.50-119.50×106 ind/l. The total number of 122 species of phytoplankton were recorded in the studied ponds. Phytoplankton density showed positive correlation with air temperature, water temperature, pH, TDS, EC, alkalinity and SRP for Pond-1. Phytoplankton density showed positive correlation with pH, TDS, EC, DO and alkalinity for Pond-2. On the other hand phytoplankton density of Pond-3 showed positive correlation with air temperature, water temperature, TDS, EC, alkalinity, SRP, SRS, NO3-N and chlorophyll-a. During the period of present investigation some aquatic plants were found to grow in those shallow margins of the studied three ponds. Results indicated that Pond-1 is in a position undergoing eutrophic status, Pond-2 and Pond-3 are in the oligotrophic status. If the anthropogenic disturbances are continued in these ponds, it is likely that in near future these ponds would turn to eutrophic. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1087-1094, 2021 (December)

scholarly journals Hygienic assessment of the condition of stay in the sauna

1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
V. I. Sobolevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Thermoregulatory Reactions ◽  
Cooling Procedure ◽  
Temperature Water

The dynamics of thermoregulatory reactions in response to staying in the hot room of the sauna and the cooling procedure in healthy people and patients with stage 1 hypertension is traced. From a hygienic point of view, the most rational conditions for staying in a sauna are substantiated (humidity and air temperature, water temperature for some types of contrast cooling).

scholarly journals Surface Water Temperature Predictions at a Mid-Latitude Reservoir under Long-Term Climate Change Impacts Using a Deep Neural Network Coupled with a Transfer Learning Approach

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1109
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Kimura ◽  
Kei Ishida ◽  
Daichi Baba
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Surface Water Temperature

Long-term climate change may strongly affect the aquatic environment in mid-latitude water resources. In particular, it can be demonstrated that temporal variations in surface water temperature in a reservoir have strong responses to air temperature. We adopted deep neural networks (DNNs) to understand the long-term relationships between air temperature and surface water temperature, because DNNs can easily deal with nonlinear data, including uncertainties, that are obtained in complicated climate and aquatic systems. In general, DNNs cannot appropriately predict unexperienced data (i.e., out-of-range training data), such as future water temperature. To improve this limitation, our idea is to introduce a transfer learning (TL) approach. The observed data were used to train a DNN-based model. Continuous data (i.e., air temperature) ranging over 150 years to pre-training to climate change, which were obtained from climate models and include a downscaling model, were used to predict past and future surface water temperatures in the reservoir. The results showed that the DNN-based model with the TL approach was able to approximately predict based on the difference between past and future air temperatures. The model suggested that the occurrences in the highest water temperature increased, and the occurrences in the lowest water temperature decreased in the future predictions.

Improving the Boiler Efficiency by Optimizing the Combustion Air

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pachaiyappan ◽  
J. Dasa Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Air Preheater ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Boiler Efficiency ◽  
Efficient Combustion

Air pre-heater and economizer are heat transfer surfaces in which air temperature and water temperature are raised by transferring heat from other media such as flue gas. Hot air is necessary for rapid combustion in the furnace and also for drying coal in milling plants. So an essential boiler accessory which serves this purpose is air pre-heater. The air pre-heater is not essential for operation of steam generator, but they are used where a study of cost indicates that money can be saved or efficient combustion can be obtained by their use. The decision for its adoption can be made when the financial advantages is weighed against the capital cost of heater. The efficiency of the boiler increases with the increase in the temperature of the combustion air used in the furnace. This is achieved by the increased temperature of the flue gas in the air preheater and economizer zone. This paper deals with the different ways to obtain the maximum heat from the flue gas travelling through the air preheater and the economizer zone to improve the boiler efficiency.

Skinfolds and resting heat loss in cold air and water: temperature equivalence

1975 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Smith ◽  
J. M. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Heat Conductance ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Body Core ◽  
Male Subjects

Fourteen male subjects with unweighted mean skinfolds (MSF) of 10.23 mm underwent several 3-h exposures to cold water and air of similar velocities in order to compare by indirect calorimetry the rate of heat loss in water and air. Measurements of heat loss (excluding the head) at each air temperature (Ta = 25, 20, 10 degrees C) and water temperature (Tw = 29–33 degrees C) were used in a linear approximation of overall heat transfer from body core (Tre) to air or water. We found the lower critical air and water temperatures to fall as a negative linear function of MSF. The slope of these lines was not significantly different in air and water with a mean of minus 0.237 degrees C/mm MSF. Overall heat conductance was 3.34 times greater in water. However, this value was not fixed but varied as an inverse curvilinear function of MSF. Thus, equivalent water-air temperatures also varied as a function of MSF. Between limits of 100–250% of resting heat loss the followingrelationships between MSF and equivalent water-air temperatures were found (see article).

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