scholarly journals Effect of Composition and Structure of Metal Oxide Composites Nanostructured on Their Conductive and Sensory Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Gerasimov ◽  
V. F. Gromov ◽  
M. I. Ikim ◽  
L. I. Trachtenberg
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Active Particles ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Structure Of Metal ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Reducing Gases ◽  
Oxide Composites ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship between the structure and properties of nanoscale conductometric sensors based on binary mixtures of metal oxides in the detection of reducing gases in the environment is considered. The sensory effect in such systems is determined by the chemisorption of oxygen molecules and the detected gas on the surface of metal oxide catalytically active particles, the transfer of the reaction products to electron-rich nanoparticles, and subsequent reactions. Particular attention is paid to the doping of nanoparticles of the sensitive layer. In particular, the effect of doping on the concentration of oxygen vacancies, the activity of oxygen centers, and the adsorption properties of nanoparticles is discussed. In addition, the role of heterogeneous contacts is analyzed.

Effect of the composition and structure of metal oxide nanocomposites on the sensor process when detecting reducing gases

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 1609-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Gerasimov ◽  
V. F. Gromov ◽  
T. V. Belysheva ◽  
M. I. Ikim ◽  
L. I. Trakhtenberg
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Structure Of Metal ◽  
Reducing Gases ◽  
Effect Of The Composition

Board of Director Characteristics, Institutional Ownership, and Fraud: Evidence from Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineeta D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Board Of Director ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Director Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Due to the high incidence of fraud in Australia, regulatory reports suggest strengthening the monitoring role of the board of directors (BOD). These reports recommend greater independence and no duality (chairperson of the BOD should not be the CEO) on the BOD. While there is no Australian evidence, research evidence in the U.S. supports these suggested reforms. It is not clear whether the research evidence observed in the U.S. will generalize to the Australian setting because of contextual differences. This study extends the U.S. findings to the Australian context and investigates the relationship between two attributes of the BOD, independence and duality, and fraud. In addition, I examine whether institutional ownership plays a role in the context of fraud. The more highly concentrated institutional ownership in Australia suggests the presence of some relationship. Using a matched sample of fraud and no-fraud firms from 1988–2000, I find that as the percentage of independent directors and the percentage of independent institutional ownership increases, the likelihood of fraud decreases. As expected, the results show a positive relationship between duality and the likelihood of fraud. These results support the call for strengthening the composition and structure of the BOD in Australia.

Role of Metal-Oxide Interface in Determining the Spin Polarization of Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 286 (5439) ◽  
pp. 507-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria De Teresa ◽  
Agnès Barthélémy ◽  
Albert Fert ◽  
Jean Pierre Contour ◽  
François Montaigne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Spin Polarization ◽  
Tunnel Junctions ◽  
Magnetic Tunnel Junctions ◽  
Ferromagnetic Transition ◽  
Oxide Interface ◽  
Oxide Interfaces ◽  
Structure Of Metal

The role of the metal-oxide interface in determining the spin polarization of electrons tunneling from or into ferromagnetic transition metals in magnetic tunnel junctions is reported. The spin polarization of cobalt in tunnel junctions with an alumina barrier is positive, but it is negative when the barrier is strontium titanate or cerium lanthanite. The results are ascribed to bonding effects at the transition metal–barrier interface. The influence of the electronic structure of metal-oxide interfaces on the spin polarization raises interesting fundamental problems and opens new ways to optimize the magnetoresistance of tunnel junctions.

The Effects of Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acid Coating of Al Particles to Flame Propagation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dikici ◽  
M. L. Pantoya ◽  
R. J. Jouet
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Flame Propagation ◽  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Oxide Composites ◽  
Acid Coating

In this study, two types of nano-Al/metal oxide composites are examined. The first Al sample is passivated with Al2O3 and treated with perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (C13F27COOH). The second Al sample is devoid of an alumina shell and instead passivated with perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (C13F27COOH). The goal of this study is to understand the role of the passivation shell and associated reaction mechanism on flame propagation. Results show that when there is no alumina passivation shell encasing the Al core the flame propagation rates are reduced by two orders of magnitude. All flame propagation experiments were performed in a confined flame tube apparatus which may not be ideal for characterizing materials with significantly different ignition sensitivities. Results indicate that flame speeds measured with this apparatus are dependent on the ignition sensitivity of the mixture. Acid treated Al particles are shown to be roughly five times less ignition sensitive than the Al particles with no acid treatment; however, both particles produce roughly the same heat of combustion in thermal equilibrium measurements.

Role of graphene/metal oxide composites as photocatalysts, adsorbents and disinfectants in water treatment: a review

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 3823-3851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Kant Upadhyay ◽  
Navneet Soin ◽  
Susanta Sinha Roy
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Oxide Composites

BOARD OF DIRECTORS AS A FACTOR OF FIRM PERFORMANCE IN INNOVATIVE COMPANIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950060
Author(s):  
IRINA BEREZINETS ◽  
KIRILL BEREZKIN ◽  
YULIA ILINA ◽  
IRINA NAOUMOVA
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
D Investment

The emerging markets undergo constant transformations and changes, and thus, a change of strategy can be critical for companies. However, the impact of R&D investment on firm performance and the role of the board of directors that makes decisions about a company’s innovative activities remain inconclusive. This paper investigates the relationship between a board of directors’ composition and structure in innovative companies and firm performance. Using the panel data of innovative Russian public companies that made R&D investments in 2011–2013, we found a positive relationship between the boards’ independence and ROA as an indicator of firm performance. Moreover, it was shown that innovative companies that establish a strategy committee will on average have a higher ROA ratio than innovative companies without such a committee. Innovative firms in emerging markets might consider creating strategic committees and increasing board independence to enhance their performance and increase the number of successful R&D investments.

A robot made of robots: Emergent transport and control of a smarticle ensemble

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (34) ◽  
pp. eaax4316 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Savoie ◽  
Thomas A. Berrueta ◽  
Zachary Jackson ◽  
Ana Pervan ◽  
Ross Warkentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Model System ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Robot Locomotion ◽  
Active Particles ◽  
And Control ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
The Relationship

Robot locomotion is typically generated by coordinated integration of single-purpose components, like actuators, sensors, body segments, and limbs. We posit that certain future robots could self-propel using systems in which a delineation of components and their interactions is not so clear, becoming robust and flexible entities composed of functional components that are redundant and generic and can interact stochastically. Control of such a collective becomes a challenge because synthesis techniques typically assume known input-output relationships. To discover principles by which such future robots can be built and controlled, we study a model robophysical system: planar ensembles of periodically deforming smart, active particles—smarticles. When enclosed, these individually immotile robots could collectively diffuse via stochastic mechanical interactions. We show experimentally and theoretically that directed drift of such a supersmarticle could be achieved via inactivation of individual smarticles and used this phenomenon to generate endogenous phototaxis. By numerically modeling the relationship between smarticle activity and transport, we elucidated the role of smarticle deactivation on supersmarticle dynamics from little data—a single experimental trial. From this mapping, we demonstrate that the supersmarticle could be exogenously steered anywhere in the plane, expanding supersmarticle capabilities while simultaneously enabling decentralized closed-loop control. We suggest that the smarticle model system may aid discovery of principles by which a class of future “stochastic” robots can rely on collective internal mechanical interactions to perform tasks.

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