scholarly journals Association between hepatic fat and subclinical vascular disease burden in the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000709
Author(s):  
Xinting Cai ◽  
Susanne Rospleszcz ◽  
Birger Mensel ◽  
Ulf Schminke ◽  
Jens-Peter Kühn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Population ◽  
Hepatic Fat ◽  
Subclinical Vascular Disease

ObjectiveIt is still controversial if increased hepatic fat independently contributes to cardiovascular risk. We aimed to assess the association between hepatic fat quantified by MRI and various subclinical vascular disease parameters.DesignWe included two cross-sectional investigations embedded in two independent population-based studies (Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP): n=1341; Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA): n=386). The participants underwent a whole-body MRI examination. Hepatic fat content was quantified by proton-density fat fraction (PDFF). Aortic diameters in both studies and carotid plaque-related parameters in KORA were measured with MRI. In SHIP, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and plaque were assessed by ultrasound. We used (ordered) logistic or linear regression to assess associations between hepatic fat and subclinical vascular disease.ResultsThe prevalence of fatty liver disease (FLD) (PDFF >5.6%) was 35% in SHIP and 43% in KORA. In SHIP, hepatic fat was positively associated with ascending (β, 95% CI 0.06 (0.04 to 0.08)), descending (0.05 (0.04 to 0.07)) and infrarenal (0.02 (0.01 to 0.03)) aortic diameters, as well as with higher odds of plaque presence (OR, 95% CI 1.22 (1.05 to 1.42)) and greater cIMT (β, 95% CI 0.01 (0.004 to 0.02)) in the age-adjusted and sex-adjusted model. However, further adjustment for additional cardiometabolic risk factors, particularly body mass index, attenuated these associations. In KORA, no significant associations were found.ConclusionsThe relation between hepatic fat and subclinical vascular disease was not independent of overall adiposity. Given the close relation of FLD with cardiometabolic risk factors, people with FLD should still be prioritised for cardiovascular disease screening.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the associations between adiposity distribution and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight or obese individuals: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yide Yang ◽  
Ming Xie ◽  
Shuqian Yuan ◽  
Yuan Zeng ◽  
Yanhui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Lower Odds

Abstract Background We aimed to assess the associations between adiposity distribution and cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and obese adults in China, and to demonstrate the sex differences in these associations. Methods A total of 1221 participants (455 males and 766 females) were included in this study. Percentage of body fat (PBF) of the whole body and regional areas, including arm, thigh, trunk, android, and gynoid, were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. Central adiposity was measured by waist circumference. Clustered cardiometabolic risk was defined as the presence of two or more of the six cardiometabolic risk factors, namely, high triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein, elevated glucose, elevated blood pressure, elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and low adiponectin. Linear regression models and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between whole body or regional PBF and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results In females, except arm adiposity, other regional fat (thigh, trunk, android, gynoid) and whole-body PBF are significantly associated with clustered cardiometabolic risk, adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and whole-body PBF. One-SD increase in Z scores of the thigh and gynoid PBF were significantly associated with 80 and 78% lower odds of clustered cardiometabolic risk (OR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.12–0.35 and OR: 0.22, 95%CI: 0.12–0.41). Trunk, android and whole-body PBF were significantly associated with higher odds of clustered risk with OR of 1.90 (95%CI:1.02–3.55), 2.91 (95%CI: 1.75–4.85), and 2.01 (95%CI: 1.47–2.76), respectively. While in males, one-SD increase in the thigh and gynoid PBF are associated with 94% (OR: 0.06, 95%CI: 0.02–0.23) and 83% lower odds (OR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.05–0.57) of clustered cardiometabolic risk, respectively. Android and whole-body PBF were associated with higher odds of clustered cardiometabolic risk (OR: 3.39, 95%CI: 1.42–8.09 and OR: 2.45, 95%CI: 1.53–3.92), but the association for trunk PBF was not statistically significant (OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 0.42–3.19). Conclusions Adiposity distribution plays an important role in the clustered cardiometabolic risk in participants with overweight and obese and sex differences were observed in these associations. In general, central obesity (measured by android PBF) could be the best anthropometric measurement for screening people at risk for CVD risk factors for both men and women. Upper body fat tends to be more detrimental to cardiometabolic health in women than in men, whereas lower body fat is relatively more protective in men than in women.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and cardiometabolic risk factors among Brazilian adolescents: results from a national cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Pâmela Ferreira Todendi ◽  
Rafaela Salla ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hebert ◽  
Julianna Ritter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Index

Abstract Dietary factors play a role in modulating chronic inflammation and in the development of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents.A total of 31,684 Brazilian adolescents (12–17 years), from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. The E-DII (energy-adjusted)score was calculated based on data for 25available nutrients. The anthropometric profile, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycated hemoglobin were measured. Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations between sex-specific quartiles of the E-DII and cardiometabolic risk factors. In the energy-adjusted models, when comparing a high pro-inflammatory diet (quartile 4) withananti-inflammatory diet (quartile 1), there was a positive association with high HOMA-IR among boys(prevalence ratios (PR)Q4=1.37, 95%CI: 1.04–1.79); and with high fasting glucose (PRQ4 = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.02–3.78), high triglycerides (PRQ4 = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.06–3.46),low HDL-c (PRQ4 = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.02–1.32) and high LDL-c (PRQ4 = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.12–3.33) among girls. Additionally, a moderately pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with high HOMA-IR (PRQ2 = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.02–1.29) among girls, and high total cholesterol (PRQ3 = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.20–2.01) among boys.In conclusion, this study provides new evidence on the association between inflammatory diets with cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents.

scholarly journals CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS AND CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS AMONG UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Jaqueline de Oliveira Santana ◽  
Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini ◽  
Sérgio Viana Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) is associated with mortality and the development of cardiovascular disease, in addition to being related to work capacity. Objectives: This study aimed to verify the demographic, cardiometabolic and behavioral factors associated with CF in a representative sample of professors from a public university in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which evaluated, in addition to the CF, age, sex, glycemia, triglycerides, LDL and HDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and physical activity (PA). The association between CF and cardiometabolic risk factors was estimated by logistic regression to obtain the odds ratios and respective confidence intervals (95%). Results: After adjustment, it was observed that professors with lower levels of CF were older, female, had higher BMI and a greater chance of being physically inactive. Conclusion: In general, the results show that the probability of low CF increases with the increase in BMI, in addition to the strong association with PA practice, which is a major focus of intervention measures aimed at improving workers health and their work capacity. Level of Evidence III; Case control study.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Body Mass Index and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents in a Country of the African Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanica Lyngdoh ◽  
Bharathi Viswanathan ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden ◽  
Gary J. Myers ◽  
Pascal Bovet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

We assessed the association between several cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) (blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and glucose) in 390 young adults aged 19-20 years in Seychelles (Indian Ocean, Africa) and body mass index (BMI) measured either at the same time (cross-sectional analysis) or at the age of 12–15 years (longitudinal analysis). BMI tracked markedly between age of 12–15 and age of 19-20. BMI was strongly associated with all considered CRFs in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, with some exceptions. Comparing overweight participants with those having a BMI below the age-specific median, the odds ratios for high blood pressure were 5.4/4.7 (male/female) cross-sectionally and 2.5/3.9 longitudinally (P<0.05). Significant associations were also found for most other CRFs, with some exceptions. In linear regression analysis including both BMI at age of 12–15 and BMI at age of 19-20, only BMI at age of 19-20 remained significantly associated with most CRFs. We conclude that CRFs are predicted strongly by either current or past BMI levels in adolescents and young adults in this population. The observation that only current BMI remained associated with CRFs when including past and current levels together suggests that weight control at a later age may be effective in reducing CRFs in overweight children irrespective of past weight status.

scholarly journals Optimal waist:height ratio cut-off point for cardiometabolic risk factors in Turkish adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Selçuk Can ◽  
Emine Akal Yıldız ◽  
Gülhan Samur ◽  
Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu ◽  
Gülden Pekcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the optimal waist:height ratio (WHtR) cut-off point that discriminates cardiometabolic risk factors in Turkish adults.DesignCross-sectional study. Hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome score ≥2 (presence of two or more metabolic syndrome components except for waist circumference) and at least one risk factor (diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidaemia) were categorical outcome variables. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were prepared by plotting 1 − specificity on the x-axis and sensitivity on the y-axis. The WHtR value that had the highest Youden index was selected as the optimal cut-off point for each cardiometabolic risk factor (Youden index = sensitivity + specificity − 1).SettingTurkey, 2003.SubjectsAdults (1121 women and 571 men) aged 18 years and over were examined.ResultsAnalysis of ROC coordinate tables showed that the optimal cut-off value ranged between 0·55 and 0·60 and was almost equal between men and women. The sensitivities of the identified cut-offs were between 0·63 and 0·81, the specificities were between 0·42 and 0·71 and the accuracies were between 0·65 and 0·73, for men and women. The cut-off point of 0·59 was the most frequently identified value for discrimination of the studied cardiometabolic risk factors. Subjects classified as having WHtR ≥ 0·59 had significantly higher age and sociodemographic multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for cardiometabolic risk factors than subjects with WHtR < 0·59, except for diabetes in men.ConclusionsWe show that the optimal WHtR cut-off point to discriminate cardiometabolic risk factors is 0·59 in Turkish adults.

Dietary acid load and cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 2823-2834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Daneshzad ◽  
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost ◽  
Leila Azadbakht
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

AbstractObjective:Dietary acid load (DAL) might contribute to change the levels of cardiometabolic risk factors; however, the results are conflicting. The present review was conducted to determine the relationship between DAL and cardiometabolic risk factors.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Setting:A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases including ISI Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar for observational studies which assessed cardiometabolic risk factors across DAL. Outcomes were lipid profile, glycaemic factors and anthropometric indices. Effect sizes were derived using a fixed- or random-effect model (DerSimonian–Laird). Also, subgroup analysis was performed to find the probable source of heterogeneity. Egger’s test was performed for finding any publication bias.Results:Thirty-one studies were included in the current review with overall sample size of 92 478. There was a significant relationship between systolic blood pressure (SBP; weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1·74 (95 % CI 0·25, 3·24) mmHg;P= 0·022;I2= 95·3 %), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; WMD = 0·75 (95 % CI 0·07, 1·42) mmHg;P= 0·030;I2= 80·8 %) and DAL in cross-sectional studies. Serum lipids, glycaemic parameters including fasting blood sugar, glycated Hb, serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and waist circumference had no significant relationship with DAL. No publication bias was found. BMI was not associated with DAL in both cross-sectional and cohort studies.Conclusions:Higher DAL is associated with increased SBP and DBP. More studies are needed to find any relationship of DAL with lipid profile and glycaemic factors.

Cardiometabolic risk factors in Venezuela. The EVESCAM study: a national cross-sectional survey in adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Ramfis Nieto-Martínez ◽  
Juan P. González-Rivas ◽  
Eunice Ugel ◽  
Maritza Duran ◽  
Eric Dávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue and associations with cardiometabolic risk in Inuit, Africans and Europeans: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e038071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille Falberg Rønn ◽  
Gregers Stig Andersen ◽  
Torsten Lauritzen ◽  
Dirk Lund Christensen ◽  
Mette Aadahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

ObjectivesAbdominal fat has been identified as a risk marker of cardiometabolic disease independent of overall adiposity. However, it is not clear whether there are ethnic disparities in this risk. We investigated the associations of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with cardiometabolic risk factors in three ethnic diverse populations of Inuit, Africans and Europeans.DesignCross-sectional pooled study.SettingGreenland, Kenya and Denmark.MethodsA total of 5113 participants (2933 Inuit, 1397 Africans and 783 Europeans) from three studies in Greenland, Kenya and Denmark were included. Measurements included abdominal fat distribution assessed by ultrasound, oral glucose tolerance test, hepatic insulin resistance, blood pressure and lipids. The associations were analysed using multiple linear regressions.ResultsAcross ethnic group and gender, an increase in VAT of 1 SD was associated with higher levels of hepatic insulin resistance (ranging from 14% to 28%), triglycerides (8% to 16%) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, −1.0 to −0.05 mmol/L) independent of body mass index. VAT showed positive associations with most of the other cardiometabolic risk factors in Inuit and Europeans, but not in Africans. In contrast, SAT was mainly associated with the outcomes in Inuit and Africans. Of notice was that higher SAT was associated with higher HDL-C in African men (0.11 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.18) and with lower HDL-C in Inuit (−0.07 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.12 to –0.02), but not in European men (−0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.09 to 0.05). Generally weaker associations were observed for women. Furthermore, the absolute levels of several of the cardiometabolic outcomes differed between the ethnic groups.ConclusionsVAT and SAT were associated with several of the cardiometabolic risk factors beyond overall adiposity. Some of these associations were specific to ethnicity, suggesting that ethnicity plays a role in the pathway from abdominal fat to selected cardiometabolic risk factors.

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