scholarly journals Trends and correlates of the public’s perception of healthcare systems in the European Union: a multilevel analysis of Eurobarometer survey data from 2009 to 2013

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e018178 ◽  
Author(s):  
AlJohara M AlSaud ◽  
Henock B Taddese ◽  
Filippos T Filippidis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
National Income ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Individual

ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to assess trends in public perceptions of health systems in 27 European Union (EU) member states following the financial crisis (2009–2013), in order to discuss observed changes in the context of the financial crisis.DesignRepeated cross-sectional studies.Setting27 EU countries.ParticipantsEU citizens aged 15 years and older.MethodsThe study mainly uses the Eurobarometer Social Climate Survey, conducted annually between 2009 and 2013, thereby analysing 116 706 observations. A multilevel logistic regression was carried out to analyse trends over time and the factors associated with citizens’ perceptions of their healthcare systems.ResultsEuropeans generally exhibit positive perceptions of their national healthcare systems, 64.0% (95% CI 63.6% to 64.4%). However, we observed a significant drop in positive perceptions in the years following the crisis, especially within countries most affected by the crisis. Concerning fiscal characteristics, wealthier countries and those dedicating higher proportion of their national income to health were more likely to maintain positive perceptions. At the individual level, perceptions of healthcare systems were significantly associated with respondents’ self-perceptions of their social status, financial capacity and overall satisfaction in life.ConclusionsOur finding confirms previous observations that citizens’ perceptions of their healthcare systems may reflect their overall prospects within the broader socioeconomic systems they live in; which have in turn been affected by the financial crisis and the policy measures instituted in response.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Uptake of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in the European Union

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayotis Christidis ◽  
Caralampo Focas
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Machine Learning Classification ◽  
Eu Member States

This paper explores the factors affecting the uptake of hybrid and electric vehicles in the European Union (EU) using data from two extensive cross-sectional surveys. Each survey consists of 26,500 responses to a questionnaire that combines socio-economic and behavioral aspects. The share of respondents across the EU stating that they would certainly or probably consider purchasing a hybrid or a battery-powered electric vehicle (H&EV) in the near future rose from 32% in 2014 to 37.4% in 2018. There is, however, a high variability among EU member states, as well as across different socio-economic groups. Propensity is highly correlated with income, educational attainment, and urbanization level. In order to address the high degree of collinearity, we applied a machine learning classification model to analyze and explain the interaction between the variables that affected the expressed propensity to purchase such a vehicle. The findings highlight something largely missing from the literature, namely that local conditions and regional variation are a major, if not decisive, factor regarding purchasing choices. Seen from a policy perspective, this conclusion may provide guidance regarding how to support the take up of H&EVs through measures that are tailored to the specific needs at the local level.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Dynamic Changes in Selected Areas of Sustainable Development of the European Union Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Bąk ◽  
Katarzyna Cheba
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The aim of the study is to determine the pace and directions of changes (understood as: improvement or deterioration) occurring in selected areas of sustainable development of EU Member States. The paper analyzes dynamics of changes in selected areas of sustainable development monitored on the basis of headline indicators published by Eurostat from 2008 to 2015. In the paper, three variants of reference points of synthetic measure of development were considered. On the basis of the obtained results, the countries in which the improvement in the sustainable development and its deterioration can be observed were identified. The results have confirmed the existence of significant developmental disparities between EU Member States in this field, but it should be noted that the obtained results depend on the methodological approach both to the selection of features and the adoption of a specific standardization formula, as well as the considered variants of reference points. The results obtained can be utilized in subsequent years to examine the directions of change observed both from the point of view of European Union as one organization, and the individual EU Member States.

scholarly journals EU-BREXIT-CEE-UKRAINE: EUROPE’S HEALTHIER FUTURE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC LEADERSHIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (Issue Vol 20, No 3 (2021)) ◽  
pp. 423-439
Author(s):  
Eckhard FREYER
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Eu

The horrors of WWII changed history and created a better Europe based on a Common market as an essential signal of unity among the EU member states. Now generations have grown up in peace and growing prosperity. However, a decade ago, ECB/EU had to overcome the EU-euro-financial crisis and now Brexit. In addition, Covid19 crisis brings many pressing problems, as the Coronavirus pandemic is likely to result in Europe/Germany’s largest economic downturn in the last seven decades. Loss of prosperity, des-integration in the European Union could escalate further. Even in academic and scientific institutions and in European research networks difficulties are relevant. Can we overcome Brexit / Corona and create a healthy Europe that is a global socioeconomic leader? Based on our Cultural Heritage across Europe we must look further than Brexit, and even more seek solutions to the Ukrainian conflict.

scholarly journals EU-BREXIT-CEE-UKRAINE: EUROPE’S HEALTHIER FUTURE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC LEADERSHIP

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (Vol 19, No 3 (2020)) ◽  
pp. 423-439
Author(s):  
Eckhard FREYER
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Eu

The horrors of WWII changed history and created a better Europe based on a Common market as an essential signal of unity among the EU member states. Now generations have grown up in peace and growing prosperity. However, a decade ago, ECB/EU had to overcome the EU-euro-financial crisis and now Brexit. In addition, Covid19 crisis brings many pressing problems, as the Coronavirus pandemic is likely to result in Europe/Germany’s largest economic downturn in the last seven decades. Loss of prosperity, des-integration in the European Union could escalate further. Even in academic and scientific institutions and in European research networks difficulties are relevant. Can we overcome Brexit / Corona and create a healthy Europe that is a global socioeconomic leader? Based on our Cultural Heritage across Europe we must look further than Brexit, and even more seek solutions to the Ukrainian conflict.

Globalizing Electoral Politics: Political Competence and Distributional Bargaining in the European Union

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina J. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
Electoral Cycles ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
Sectional Analysis

This article analyzes electoral cycles in distributional bargaining in the European Union. The author argues that governments attempt to increase their EU membership benefits above average levels in the preelection period, hoping to appear politically competent to voters. The theory discusses when and how EU members can increase these gains before elections through negotiations in the Council of Ministers. A time-series cross-sectional analysis of EU member states’ annual budget negotiations from 1977 to 2006 supports the existence of conditional electoral cycles in distributional bargaining and generally points to the importance of accounting for such cycles when analyzing patterns of international cooperation.

scholarly journals It Was Not Meant to Be This Way

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Tom Frost
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
European Politics ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Eu

In June 2016, the United Kingdom’s electorate voted in a referendum to leave the European Union. This article examines ‘Brexit’ from the perspective of British, or English, exceptionalism. It argues that the Leave vote was caused by a number of factors: underlying myths and exceptionalism about the U.K. and its relationship with ‘Europe’; the fallout from the 2007–2008 financial crisis; the austerity policies undertaken in the U.K. since 2010; and the increased migration into the U.K. after the financial crisis, in particular from other EU Member States. The article concludes by arguing that Brexit should serve as an important lesson to listen to all people who feel abandoned by the EU, austerity and globalisation, to hear their stories and perspectives. Only then can we start to think about whether there are shared values and principles which could form the basis for a European politics of the future.

scholarly journals European-Wide Inequality in Times of the Financial Crisis

2016 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Timm Bönke ◽  
Carsten Schröder
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Inequality Decomposition ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Core ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
The Eu

In view of rising concerns over increasing inequality in the European Union since the financial crisis, this study provides an inequality decomposition of the overall European income distribution by country. The EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions are our empirical basis. Inequality has risen moderately within the core Euro area, particularly in the last two years of the observation period (2010/11). Widening disparities between EU Member States are the driving force behind this trend, while inequalities within countries do not exhibit systematic changes. An analysis of binational distributions reveals that it is the countries hit worst by the crisis—Greece and Spain —for which the between-country disparities have changed most markedly.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EU INTEGRATION PROCESS OF ALBANIA AND KOSOVO

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerina Causevic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis ◽  
The Eu

Having their populations add up to over 80% of Albanian ethnicity, Kosovo and Albania can be conceptualized as being closely intertwined namely when it comes to their foreign policies. This article will primarily focus on the foreign policies of Albania and Kosovo through the lens of their major foreign policy goals and their connections with the European Union. The path of the contemporary existence of Albania and Kosovo has been marked by various events such as the dissolution of Kosovo from Serbia. Their primary efforts include building and maintaining a democratic society that would enable the two countries to gradually flourish and establish closer ties with neighboring countries as well as Europe and the EU if successful. This research provides a comparison of the two foreign policies through a lateral method by also focusing on one of the three levels of analysis, the individual, state, and system. Within the individual level emphasis is laid on crucial individuals such as Rama, Pacolli, Cakaj, and Meta. This level of analysis and the outline of influential decisionmakers statements and actions can confirm the idea that the two countries of Kosovo and Albania can survive only in case of successful cooperation amongst each other as well as through Euro Atlantic integration namely with the European Union.

Sharing Is Caring? Exploring the Relationship Between Preferences for Online Participation and Support for Solidarity Between EU Member States

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-537
Author(s):  
Verena K. Brändle ◽  
Olga Eisele
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Burden Sharing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Online Participation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Eu Member States

The article explores the influence of online participation on individual-level support for burden-sharing measures among EU member states. The analysis is set against the backdrop of the discussion about solidarity in times of EU crises and follows an innovative approach by operationalizing social inclusion in the European Union via online participation. It is argued that the specific nature of the European Union favors the use of online channels for political information and participation, but that despite its inclusive potential, online participation does not necessarily mean public support for the European Union. Instead, we hypothesize that people who make more use of online participation channels—thus are supposedly better equipped to participate in EU politics—are more critical in their evaluation of burden-sharing measures. Based on a large-scale survey among EU citizens in late 2016, we conduct a regression analysis taking into account the influence of EU support and general considerations on solidarity. Results lend support to our hypothesis that people who participate in political affairs online do not express greater support for EU burden-sharing measures but are more critical. Results are interpreted as an expression of the constraining dissensus regarding EU politics: Negative effects are read as criticism of how solidarity in the European Union is implemented, not as opposition to solidarity in the European Union as such.

Cooperation Mechanisms within the Administrative Framework of European Financial Supervision

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Katrin Wolff
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Multilevel Governance ◽  
Financial Supervision ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Future ◽  
Administrative Framework ◽  
Administrative Systems

In response to the European financial crisis, the European Union and its Member States have implemented administrative cooperation mechanisms in the field of European financial supervision to ensure the uniform and coherent application of European supervisory law within the European Union’s composite administration bodies. On the basis of three quintessential areas of supervisory law, namely the acquisition of information, and preventive and corrective supervisory measures, this book analyses the mechanisms created with regard to their legally binding character and the possibility of them influencing European and EU Member States’ supervisory authorities. Furthermore, its author identifies the structures of effective cooperation mechanisms in multilevel administrative systems. The study thus contributes to the systematisation and a better understanding of European multilevel governance and identifies important parameters for reorganising administrative cooperation in European supervisory law in the future.

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