How people fit in at work: systematic review of the association between person–organisation and person–group fit with staff outcomes in healthcare

ObjectivesPeople interact with their work environment through being, to a greater or lesser extent, compatible with aspects of their setting. This interaction between person and environment is particularly relevant in healthcare settings where compatibility affects not only the healthcare professionals, but also potentially the patient. One way to examine this association is to investigate person–organisation (P-O) fit and person–group (P-G) fit. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesise knowledge on both P-O fit and P-G fit in healthcare to determine their association with staff outcomes. It was hypothesised that there would be a positive relationship between fit and staff outcomes, such that the experience of compatibility and ‘fitting in’ would be associated with better staff outcomes.DesignA systematic review was conducted based on an extensive search strategy guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses to identify relevant literature.Data sourcesCINAHL Complete, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus.Eligibility criteriaArticles were included if they were empirical studies, published in peer-reviewed journals in English language, set in a healthcare context and addressed the association that staff outcomes have with P-O and/or P-G fit.Data extraction and synthesisIncluded texts were examined for study characteristics, fit constructs examined and types of staff outcomes assessed. The Quality Assessment Tool was used to assess risk of bias.ResultsTwenty-eight articles were included in the review. Of these, 96.4% (27/28) reported a significant, positive association between perception of fit and staff outcomes in healthcare contexts, such that a sense of compatibility had various positive implications for staff, including job satisfaction and retention.ConclusionAlthough the results, as with all systematic reviews, are prone to bias and definitional ambiguity, they are still informative. Generally, the evidence suggests an association between employees’ perceived compatibility with the workplace or organisation and a variety of staff outcomes in healthcare settings.

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The effective interventions to improve long-term physiotherapy exercise adherence among patients with lower limb osteoarthritis. A systematic review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-926978/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pathmanathan Cinthuja ◽

Nidhya Krishnamoorthy ◽

Gamalendira Shivapatham

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lower Limb ◽

English Language ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Exercise Adherence ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Booster Sessions

Abstract Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition that severely effects work life balance impacting psychosocial and socio-economic aspects. Physiotherapy exercise is one of the intervention methods for the management of OA. Adherence to the exercise by patients is essential for the effective management of OA. Objectives: To determine different methods used to enhance physiotherapy exercise adherence for more than 12 months among patients with osteoarthritis and to report the effective method to enhance exercise adherence among people with lower limb osteoarthritis. Design: Systematic review Methods: PubMed, Pedro, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases searched for randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies published in the English language from 2000 to 2020. The date of data extraction was 04 September 2020. Two independent researchers conducted literature search, assessed eligibility, extracted data, conducted methodology quality assessment using the PEDro scale, and conducted risk of bias assessment. A narrative synthesis of key outcomes is presented; preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review was used to report the review. The study protocol was registered in the Prospero (Prospero ID: CRD42020205653). Results: The primary search strategy identified 5839 potentially relevant articles, of which 5157 remained after discarding duplicates. After screening based on title and abstract, 40 papers were potentially eligible for inclusion. Five of these papers met all predefined eligibility criteria. Introducing methods to enhance exercise adherence has caused a significant increase in exercise adherence for the short term (less than six months or 12 months). There were no significant differences, long-term adherence with different methods, reported. The results indicate that booster sessions (89.69%) and telephone-linked communication (86%) had higher percentages for the exercise adherence. Secondary outcomes such as pain, stiffness, function, show positive outcomes with increasing exercise adherence. However, there were no significant differences reported. Conclusion: The booster sessions and telephone-linked communication appear to enhance exercise adherence for more than 12 months among patients with osteoarthritis. However, a number of high-quality studies are inadequate to confirm our findings. Therefore, more studies with higher methodological quality are needed to determine the best strategies to enhance long-term exercise adherence among people with osteoarthritis. Key terms: Osteoarthritis, Long term, Exercise adherence

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Prognostic models for predicting in-hospital paediatric mortality in resource-limited countries: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e035045

Author(s):

Morris Ogero ◽

Rachel Jelagat Sarguta ◽

Lucas Malla ◽

Jalemba Aluvaala ◽

Ambrose Agweyu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Low Income ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Model Development ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Prognostic Models ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Bias Assessment

ObjectivesTo identify and appraise the methodological rigour of multivariable prognostic models predicting in-hospital paediatric mortality in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).DesignSystematic review of peer-reviewed journals.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Web of Science electronic databases since inception to August 2019.Eligibility criteriaWe included model development studies predicting in-hospital paediatric mortality in LMIC.Data extraction and synthesisThis systematic review followed the Checklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies framework. The risk of bias assessment was conducted using Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). No quantitative summary was conducted due to substantial heterogeneity that was observed after assessing the studies included.ResultsOur search strategy identified a total of 4054 unique articles. Among these, 3545 articles were excluded after review of titles and abstracts as they covered non-relevant topics. Full texts of 509 articles were screened for eligibility, of which 15 studies reporting 21 models met the eligibility criteria. Based on the PROBAST tool, risk of bias was assessed in four domains; participant, predictors, outcome and analyses. The domain of statistical analyses was the main area of concern where none of the included models was judged to be of low risk of bias.ConclusionThis review identified 21 models predicting in-hospital paediatric mortality in LMIC. However, most reports characterising these models are of poor quality when judged against recent reporting standards due to a high risk of bias. Future studies should adhere to standardised methodological criteria and progress from identifying new risk scores to validating or adapting existing scores.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018088599.

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Safety and efficiency of gasless laparoscopy: a systematic review protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-020-01365-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Haitham Shoman ◽

Simone Sandler ◽

Alexander Peters ◽

Ameer Farooq ◽

Magdalen Gruendl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

A Priori ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Conventional Laparoscopy ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Gasless Laparoscopy ◽

Resource Setting

Abstract Background Gasless laparoscopy, developed in the early 1990s, was a means to minimize the clinical and financial challenges of pneumoperitoneum and general anaesthesia. It has been used in a variety of procedures such as in general surgery and gynecology procedures including diagnostic laparoscopy. There has been increasing evidence of the utility of gasless laparoscopy in resource limited settings where diagnostic imaging is not available. In addition, it may help save costs for hospitals. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the available evidence surrounding the safety and efficiency of gasless laparoscopy compared to conventional laparoscopy and open techniques and to analyze the benefits that gasless laparoscopy has for low resource setting hospitals. Methods This protocol is developed by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis–Protocols (PRISMA-P). The PRISMA statement guidelines and flowchart will be used to conduct the study itself. MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Global Index Medicus (WHO) will be searched and the National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials database. The articles that will be found will be pooled into Covidence article manager software where all the records will be screened for eligibility and duplicates removed. A data extraction spreadsheet will be developed based on variables of interest set a priori. Reviewers will then screen all included studies based on the eligibility criteria. The GRADE tool will be used to assess the quality of the studies and the risk of bias in all the studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk assessment tool. The RoB II tool will assed the risk of bias in randomized control studies and the ROBINS I will be used for the non-randomized studies. Discussion This study will be a comprehensive review on all published articles found using this search strategy on the safety and efficiency of the use of gasless laparoscopy. The systematic review outcomes will include safety and efficiency of gasless laparoscopy compared to the use of conventional laparoscopy or laparotomy. Trial registration The study has been registered in PROSPERO under registration number: CRD42017078338

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Systematic review of musculoskeletal injuries in professional golfers

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2018-099572 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Patrick G Robinson ◽

Iain R Murray ◽

Andrew D Duckworth ◽

Roger Hawkes ◽

Danny Glover ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽

Observational Research ◽

Future Research ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Professional Golfers ◽

Definition Of

ObjectiveThe distribution of injuries affecting professional golfers is yet to be fully understood. We performed a systematic review of the clinical literature to establish the epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries affecting professional golfers.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesSearched databases in July 2018 were PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Embase.Eligibility criteriaPublished observational research articles relating to the incidence or prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in professional golfers, which were written in the English language and not restricted by age or gender.ResultsOf the 1863 studies identified on the initial search, 5 studies were found to satisfy the inclusion criteria for analysis. The mean age of the golfers in these studies was 34.8 (±3.6) years. The gender of patients in included studies compromised 72% males and 28% females. Four studies reported that lumbar spine injuries were the most common (range 22%–34%). Excluding injuries to the spine (lumbar, thoracic and cervical), the hand/wrist was the next most common region of injury (range 6%–37%). The quality of the studies was relatively poor with no study satisfying >50% of the quality assessment tool questions and only one study giving a clear definition of how they defined injury.ConclusionThere is a paucity of well-designed epidemiological studies evaluating musculoskeletal injuries affecting professional golfers. Injuries to the spine are the most frequently affected region, followed by the hand/wrist. This study has identified targeted areas of future research that aims to improve the management of injuries among professional golfers.

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Informal caregiving for adults, loneliness and social isolation: a study protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044902 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e044902

Author(s):

André Hajek ◽

Benedikt Kretzler ◽

Hans-Helmut König

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Chronically Ill ◽

Informal Caregiving ◽

Primary Data ◽

Cross Sectional

IntroductionSome empirical studies have identified an association between informal caregiving for adults and loneliness or social isolation. However, there is a lack of a review systematically synthesising empirical studies that have examined these associations. Hence, the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of evidence from observational studies.Methods and analysisThree electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL) will be searched (presumably in May 2021), and reference lists of included studies will be searched manually. Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies examining the association between informal caregiving for adults and loneliness or social isolation will be included. Studies focusing on grandchildren care or private care for chronically ill children will be excluded. Data extraction will include information related to study design, definition and measurement of informal caregiving, loneliness and social isolation, sample characteristics, statistical analysis and main results. The quality of the studies will be evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Two reviewers will perform the selection of studies, data extraction and assessment of study quality. Figures and tables will be used to summarise and report results. A narrative summary of the findings will be provided. If data permit, a meta-analysis will be conducted.Ethics and disseminationNo primary data will be collected. Therefore, approval by an ethics committee is not required. We plan to publish our findings in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020193099.

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Studies on the prevalence of blindness in Ethiopia: a protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000881 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000881

Author(s):

Merkineh Markos ◽

Biruktawit Kefyalew ◽

Hana Belay Tesfaye

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Standard Data ◽

Potential Sources

IntroductionBlindness refers to a lack of vision and/or defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 3/60 in the better eye. Its highest proportion has been conforming to the developing countries such as Ethiopia. So, timely information is crucial to design strategies. However, the study on the magnitude of blindness in Ethiopia was outdated, that means it was conducted in 2005–2006. Therefore, this protocol has been proposed to estimate the pooled prevalence of blindness in Ethiopia to provide up-to-date, comprehensive evidence on this theme.Methods and analysisThe following databases will be used to search articles: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and retrieving references. Standard data extraction approach will be employed and presented using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of studies. Analysis will be held using STATA V.11. Funnel plot and Egger’s regression test will be applied to check for the potential sources of bias. Heterogeneity among the studies will be tested using Higgins method in which I² statistics will be calculated and compared with the standard. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis will be done to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity. Cross-sectional and survey studies conducted in Ethiopia and published in English language will be included.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval and consent are not required. On completion, the result will be submitted to a reputable peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberCRD42021268448.

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Determinants of COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review.

10.1101/2021.03.21.21254068 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shirley Crankson ◽

Subhash Pokhrel ◽

Nana Kwame Anokye

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Level ◽

The Elderly ◽

Healthcare Research ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Eligibility Criteria

Background: The current pandemic, COVID-19, caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has claimed over a million lives worldwide in a year, warranting the need for more research into the wider determinants of COVID-19 outcomes to support evidence-based policies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate what factors determined the mortality and length of hospitalisation in individuals with COVID-19. Data Source: This is a systematic review with data from four electronic databases: Scopus, Google Scholar, CINAHL and Web of Science. Eligibility Criteria: Studies were included in this review if they explored determinants of COVID-19 mortality or length of hospitalisation, were written in the English Language, and had available full-text. Study appraisal and data synthesis: The authors assessed the quality of the included studies with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality checklist, depending on their study design. Risk of bias in the included studies was assessed with risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomised studies. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was carried out. Results: The review included 22 studies from nine countries, with participants totalling 239,830. The included studies quality was moderate to high. The identified determinants were categorised into demographic, biological, socioeconomic and lifestyle risk factors, based on the Dahlgren and Whitehead determinant of health model. Increasing age (ORs 1.04-20.6, 95%CIs 1.01-22.68) was the common demographic determinant of COVID-19 mortality while living with diabetes (ORs 0.50-3.2, 95%CIs -0.2-0.74) was one of the most common biological determinants of COVID-19 length of hospitalisation. Review limitation: Meta-analysis was not conducted because of included studies heterogeneity. Conclusion: COVID-19 outcomes are predicted by multiple determinants, with increasing age and living with diabetes being the most common risk factors. Population-level policies that prioritise interventions for the elderly population and the people living with diabetes may help mitigate the outbreak's impact.

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Dioxins Exposure and the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.5812/jjhs.116516 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nematollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi ◽

Amal Saki Malehi ◽

Zeinab Ghaedrahmat

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Breast Cancer Mortality ◽

Positive Association ◽

Great Distance ◽

Organic Chemical ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Increased Risk

Context: Dioxins and dioxin-like chemicals composed of 419 compounds are a large group of compounds, including polychlorinated di-benzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and biphenyls (PCBs). Dioxins are extremely persistent in the environment and disperse in a great distance from the emission source, and bioaccumulation in the food chain is one of their critical properties. The incidence of breast cancer among Iranian women is about 30 to 35 per 100,000 cases. The present study is a systematic review of published studies in English language to discover the relationship between exposure to dioxin compounds and breast cancer. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review utilizing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ISI web of science databases. The MeSH-based keywords used included Organic Chemical (MeSH) OR Dioxins (MeSH) AND cancer (MeSH) OR Breast cancer (MeSH) AND Breast disease (MeSH). Results: The review of the literature indicated a significant positive association between dioxins exposure and the risk of breast cancer. Only in one study, breast cancer mortality rate was reported in terms of exposure to dioxins, and standardized mortality rates (SMRs) were determined. Conclusions: Although there were limitations in this study, statistical analyses in various epidemiological studies demonstrated that dioxins exposure is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.

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Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044618 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e044618

Author(s):

Hailay Abrha Gesesew ◽

Digsu Negese Koye ◽

Dagnachew Muluye Fetene ◽

Mulu Woldegiorgis ◽

Yohannes Kinfu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Effective Prevention ◽

Low Levels

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evidence on risk factors for transmission, disease severity and COVID-19 related deaths in Africa.DesignA systematic review has been conducted to synthesise existing evidence on risk factors affecting COVID-19 outcomes across Africa.Data sourcesData were systematically searched from MEDLINE, Scopus, MedRxiv and BioRxiv.Eligibility criteriaStudies for review were included if they were published in English and reported at least one risk factor and/or one health outcome. We included all relevant literature published up until 11 August 2020.Data extraction and synthesisWe performed a systematic narrative synthesis to describe the available studies for each outcome. Data were extracted using a standardised Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction form.ResultsFifteen articles met the inclusion criteria of which four were exclusively on Africa and the remaining 11 papers had a global focus with some data from Africa. Higher rates of infection in Africa are associated with high population density, urbanisation, transport connectivity, high volume of tourism and international trade, and high level of economic and political openness. Limited or poor access to healthcare are also associated with higher COVID-19 infection rates. Older people and individuals with chronic conditions such as HIV, tuberculosis and anaemia experience severe forms COVID-19 leading to hospitalisation and death. Similarly, high burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, high prevalence of tobacco consumption and low levels of expenditure on health and low levels of global health security score contribute to COVID-19 related deaths.ConclusionsDemographic, institutional, ecological, health system and politico-economic factors influenced the spectrum of COVID-19 infection, severity and death. We recommend multidisciplinary and integrated approaches to mitigate the identified factors and strengthen effective prevention strategies.

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Decade of research into the acceptability of interventions aimed at improving adolescent and youth health and social outcomes in Africa: a systematic review and evidence map

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055160 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e055160

Author(s):

Oluwaseyi Dolapo Somefun ◽

Marisa Casale ◽

Genevieve Haupt Ronnie ◽

Chris Desmond ◽

Lucie Cluver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Young Adults ◽

English Language ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Social Outcomes ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Evidence Map ◽

Middle Income ◽

Acceptability Research ◽

Definition Of

ObjectiveInterventions aimed at improving adolescent health and social outcomes are more likely to be successful if the young people they target find them acceptable. However, no standard definitions or indicators exist to assess acceptability. Acceptability research with adolescents in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) is still limited and no known reviews systhesise the evidence from Africa. This paper maps and qualitatively synthesises the scope, characteristics and findings of these studies, including definitions of acceptability, methods used, the type and objectives of interventions assessed, and overall findings on adolescent acceptability.DesignWe conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies assessing intervention acceptability with young adults (aged 10–24) in Africa, published between January 2010 and June 2020.Data sourcesWeb of Science, Medline, PsycINFO, SociIndex, CINAHL, Africa-wide, Academic Search Complete and PubMed were searched through July 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesPapers were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: if they (1) reported primary research assessing acceptability (based on the authors’ definition of the study or findings) of one or more intervention(s) with adolescents and young adults 10–24; (2) assessed acceptability of intervention(s) aimed at positively influencing one or more development outcome(s), as defined by sustainable development goal (SDG) indicators; (3) reported on research conducted in Africa; (4) were in the English Language; (5) were peer-reviewed and and (6) were published between 1 January 2010 and 30 June 2020.Data extraction and synthesisAbstracts were reviewed independently by the two first authors to determine relevance. Full text of potentially eligible studies were retrieved and independently examined by the same two authors; areas of disagreement or lack of clarity were resolved through discussion by the two authors and—where necessary—the assessment of a third author.Results55 studies were considered eligible for inclusion in the review. Most studies were conducted in Southern Africa, of which 32 jointly in South Africa and Uganda. The majority of interventions assessed for acceptability could be classified as HIV or HPV vaccine interventions (10), E-health (10), HIV testing interventions (8), support group interventions (7) and contraceptive interventions (6). The objectives of most interventions were linked to SDG3, specifically to HIV and sexual and reproductive health. Acceptability was overall high among these published studies. 22 studies provided reasons for acceptability or lack thereof, some specific to particular types of interventions and others common across intervention types.ConclusionsOur review exposes considerable scope for future acceptability research and review work. This should include extending acceptability research beyond the health (and particularly HIV) sector and to regions in Africa where this type of research is still scarce; including adolescents earlier, and potentially throughout the intervention process; further conceptualising the construct of acceptability among adolescents and beyond; and examining the relationship between acceptability and uptake.

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