scholarly journals Effect of birth order on stereoacuity in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e032833
Author(s):  
Shu Han ◽  
Xiaohan Zhang ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Haohai Tong ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between birth order and stereoacuity among Chinese children aged 60–72 months.DesignCross-sectional.Participants1342 children with complete data on the questionnaire, stereoacuity and refraction were included.ResultsThe mean stereoacuity was 53.2±1.7, 56.9±1.9 and 60.9±1.5 s of arc in the first-born group, second-born group and third-born group, respectively. Lower birth order was significantly correlated with better stereoacuity (p=0.036). Third-borns (OR=3.02, p=0.027) were at higher risk of having subnormal stereoacuity compared with first-borns in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionLater-borns had poorer stereoacuity than first-borns.

scholarly journals The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Resmiye Özdilek ◽  
Yılda Arzu Aba ◽  
Sena Dilek Aksoy ◽  
Bulat Aytek Şık ◽  
Yaşam Kemal Akpak
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the adaptation of pregnant women to the recommended weight gain range according to body mass index (BMI) and to determine the factors affecting them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology unit (tertiary center) in Turkey. This study was conducted between March 2018 and August 2018 (6 months) in pregnant women. Pregnant women with chronic disease and receiving treatment during antenatal follow-up, with twin pregnancy, with a fetus with a congenital abnormality, and nutritional disturbance were excluded from the study. Eight hundred twelve pregnant women with normal antenatal follow-up and who volunteered to participate were included in the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.66±5.05 years. The mean weight and BMI before pregnancy were near standard in all participants. The group with the highest rate of recommended weight gain according to BMI before pregnancy was the group with low weight pregnant women. The ideal weight gain rate in all groups was 32%. Conclusions: The groups with overweight and obese pregnant women according to BMI before pregnancy had the highest rates of weight gain, above the recommended limits. BMI before pregnancy directly affects weight gain during pregnancy and the importance of pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss is emphasized once again. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 How to cite this:Ozdilek R, Aba YA, Aksoy SD, Sik BA, Akpak YK. The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals TL 18165 - Relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supl 1) ◽  
pp. 96S
Author(s):  
Henrique Mansur ◽  
Guilherme Gonçalves Feijó Carvalho ◽  
Isnar Moreira de Castro Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calcaneal Spur ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis is an inflammatory process of multifactorial etiology that affects the origin of the plantar fascia and surrounding structures. A difference in length between lower limbs is relatively common within the population and can sometimes cause changes in biomechanics and symptoms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to measure the length of the lower limbs by scanometry in patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. Other risk factors, such as body mass index, foot shape and the presence of plantar calcaneal spur, were also assessed in foot radiographs. Results: Of the 54 patients included in the study, 44.4% were men, and the mean age was 50.38 (23-73 years); 81.5% had pain in one foot, and 53.7% had feet that were considered plantigrade. We observed dysmetria in 88.9% of the sample, with a mean of 0.749 cm (SD ±0.63). In addition, 46.3% feet with pain showed calcaneal spurs on the radiographs. Conclusion: Approximately 90% of patients showed lower-limb dysmetria and, in most cases, the side with the shorter limb was affected by plantar fasciitis

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Defense Mechanisms and Nurses’ Occupational Burnout: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Forouzan Elyasi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Hosseininejad ◽  
Parisa Islami Parkoohi ◽  
Mahsa Kamali ◽  
Marzieh Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Burnout ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Occupational burnout is a psychological syndrome that occurs in response to chronic stress in the workplace. Nowadays, it is known as one of the most important consequences of occupational stress. Defense mechanisms may also affect occupational burnout. Objectives: Since burnout is an important factor influencing the productivity of nurses, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the defense mechanisms and occupational burnout among nurses in the educational hospitals of an urban area in Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 318 nurses who had at least one-year of work experience in four educational hospitals in Sari city, Iran, in 2018. Sampling was performed using the proportional stratified sampling method. The data were collected by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale, psychological Defense Styles questionnaire (DSQ-40), and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via the SPSS software V.20. Results: A total of 318 nurses were studied, 13 (4.1%) of the nurses had a burnout. The mean score of the dimension of emotional exhaustion (EE) was 17.49, in the dimension of depersonalization (DP) it was 5.42, and in the dimension of personal achievement (PA) it was 31.58. They indicated a low level of occupational burnout, and the mean scores of FE, DP, and PA subscales indicated a low level of occupational burnout. The use of more mature defense mechanisms had a significant negative correlation with the increase of the EE score (rho = -0.210, P < 0.001), but no significant relationship was reported with other aspects of burnout. Increased use of immature defense mechanisms had a direct correlation with the increase in the score of DP (rho = 0.255 and P < 0.001), but had a significant inverse relationship with the PA score (rho = -0.238 and P < 0.001) and no significant relationship with EE (P = 0.627). No significant relationship was found between the use of neurotic defense mechanisms and burnout dimensions (PEE = 0.119, PDP = 0.174, and PPA = 0.127). Conclusions: Since there is a significant relationship between defense mechanisms and occupational burnout, using the components of defense mechanisms in job interviews can lead to choosing appropriate nurses to perform different tasks in different settings, in accordance with individual and psychological characteristics. Also, teaching problem-solving skills, stress management, and useful information can improve defense mechanisms, nurses’ job performance, and patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Social Support From Family and Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
Ismail Toygar ◽  
Öznur Usta Yeşilbalkan ◽  
Merve Kürkütlü ◽  
Tuğba Akgün
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Improving the Quality of Life (QoL) is considered one of the main objectives in the care of cancer patients. Achieving this objective, it is essential to determine the factors affecting QoL in cancer patients. The studies in the literature have determined the effects of various factors on QoL but social support from family has remained to be studied.  Objective: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between perceived social support from family and QoL in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in an oncology unit of a university hospital in İzmir City, Turkey, from March to October 2019. A convenience sample of 276 cancer patients participated in the study. A patient identification form, the Perceived Social Support from family scale (PSS-Family), and the Quality of Life index-cancer version (QLI-C) were used for data collection. The scores of PSS-Family and QLI-C range from 0 to 20 and from 66 to 396, respectively. Regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of perceived social support from family on QoL. Results: Of the participants, 65.2% were female. The Mean±SD age of the study sample was 47.5±14.4 years. Also, the Mean±SD scores of PSS-Family and QLI-C were 16.43±3.01 and 307.77±27.48, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that perceived social support from family was associated with a relative increase in QoL index (B=3.44, P=0.001, R2=0.141). Conclusion: Perceived social support from family is positively associated with QoL in cancer patients. Nurses should consider this relationship when they plan to improve the QoL of cancer patients.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE COMBINED WIDTH OF MAXILLARY ANTERIOR TEETH USING INNERCANTHAL DISTANCE WITH RESPECT TO AGE GENDER AND ETHINICITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽  
pp. S164-69
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Maria Shakoor Abbasi ◽  
Danish Azeem Khan ◽  
Shiza Khalid ◽  
Warda Jawed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary anterior teeth width withrespect to age, gender and ethnicity. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, from Aug 2019 to Jan 2020. Methodology: One hundred participants from both genders with full permanent dentition, no interdental space or pathology and facial symmetry were included in this study. The measurements were carried out with digital Vernier caliper. SPSS-25 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean ± SD of inner canthal distance and width of maxillary anterior teeth were 2.99cm ± 0.46and 3.82cm ± 0.35 respectively. A significant difference was found between gender (p=0.037) and inner canthaldistance. The maxillary anterior teeth width and inner canthal distance varies amongst different ethnicities(p=0.01). The inner canthal distance does not vary with advancing age (p=0.87) whereas width of maxillaryanterior teeth varies (p=0.04). A weak correlation value of 0.47 was found between inner canthal distance andmaxillary anterior teeth width. Conclusion: This research suggests that there is a weak relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary anterior teeth width. Therefore, a multiplication ratio of 1.27 is advised to get combined mesiodistal width of maxillary anterior teeth. Additionally, the value of both differs in various local ethnicities. Inner canthal distance does not vary with age though has significant gender disparities while maxillary anterior teeth width remains constant.

The Relationship Between Nurses' Perceptions of Caring Behaviors based on Watson's Theory and of Professional Ethics: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naval Heydari ◽  
Mahya Torkaman ◽  
Camellia Torabizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caring Behaviors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nurses Perceptions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nursing Professional

Abstract Background and purpose: Caring is a central concept in nursing. It is essential that nurses adhere to ethics toward improving the quality of their performance as nurses. This study aims to explore the relationship between nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors and of nursing professional ethics.Methods: 210 nurses from hospitals in Shiraz, Iran, participated in this cross-sectional study. The participants were selected via stratified random sampling. The data collection tool consisted of demographics, Watson's caring dimensions inventory, and Petty's work ethics scale. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS v. 25 using descriptive and analytical statistics.Results: There was not a statistically significant relationship between the nurses' demographics on the one hand and their perceptions of caring behaviors or of nursing professional ethics on the other. The mean of the participants' perception of caring behaviors scores was 142.49±10.71 and the mean of their professional ethics scores was 102.21±5.32. A significant positive correlation was found to exist between the two variables under study (P<0.001, r=0.46).Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors and of professional ethics. This finding can be used by nursing administrators and policy-makers to design interventions to improve the quality of nursing care.

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis on The Determinants of Work Fatigue Factors for Nurses Inpatient Care at RSUD Arifin Achmad Hospital Pekanbaru

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Devi Purnama Sari ◽  
Tjipto Suwandi ◽  
Endang Purnawati Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Shifts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to analyze the relationship of age, sex, years of work, nutritional status and work shifts to work fatigue. This research is a quantitative observational analytic study with an analytic cross-sectional study design and a sample size of 60 people. Primary data were collected by direct observation, interviews with the KAUPK2 questionnaire and measurement of Lassidaya L77. The results of bivariate analysis showed a relationship between age and nurse work fatigue (p = 0.026). There was no gender relationship (p = 0.552), years of service (p = 0.104), nutritional status (p = 0.288) and work shift (p = 0.132) with work fatigue. Arifin Achmad Hospital (p = 0.009) POR 12,199 (95%: 1,847 - 80,575).  Counfonding work shifts with tenure. There is no relationship between sex and nutritional status with the incidence of work fatigue. Nutritional status (p = 0.571), POR 1.458 (95%: 0.395 - 5.379). Nutritional status (p = 0.866) 1.062 POR (95%: 0.527 - 2.140). The age variable was not included in the multivariate analysis because it was homogeneous. From the results of the analysis it was concluded that the working period ≥ 10 years affects work fatigue compared to ten years <10 years.

scholarly journals The relationship of childbirth experience with maternal functioning and mental health of Iranian women: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Havizari ◽  
Solmaz Ghanbari Homayi ◽  
Ommlbanin Eyvazzadeh ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Infant Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Functioning ◽  
Childbirth Experience ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Childbirth experience is a major outcome of labor, which is always associated with some potential psychological advantages or damages. Given the significant impact of childbirth on maternal role and on physical and mental health of mothers, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of childbirth experience with postpartum maternal functioning and mental health of women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 483 mothers with vaginal childbirth, 4-16 weeks after delivery in health centers of Tabriz-Iran, 2018. The cluster random sampling method was used. The socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire, Questionnaire for Assessing the Childbirth Experience (QACE), Mental Health Inventory (MHI), and Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) were completed through interviews and the obtained data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation test, and the General Linear Model (GLM). Results: The mean score of childbirth experience was 1.6 (0.4) within the score range of 1-4. The mean score of mental health was 79.1 (15.0) out of 18-108 and maternal functioning was 97.4 (13.0) out of 0-120. Based on the correlation coefficients, there were significant correlations between the total score of mental health and maternal functioning and all its subdomains with childbirth experience (P<0.001), also based on GLM results, maternal functioning was significantly correlated with childbirth experience (P<0.001), receiving help for infant care (P<0.001) and the adequacy of family income (P=0.006). Mental health was significantly correlated with childbirth experience (P<0.001), complete life-satisfaction (P<0.001), and receiving help for infant care (P=0.025). Conclusion: The results showed significant relationships between childbirth experience with maternal functioning, mental health and all their subdomains. Considering these relationships, it seems that supportive care services offered by health care providers can improve mothers’ birth experiences and consequently lead to improved postpartum maternal functioning and mental health.

The Relationship Between Anxiety and Intolerance of Uncertainty Levels in Individuals Who Received Liver Transplant: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382096291
Author(s):  
Erman Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Studies have revealed that anxiety is associated with intolerance of uncertainty (IU); however, no study has examined the predictive effect of IU on anxiety in individuals with liver transplantation (LT). Therefore, this study aimed to identify the relationship between anxiety and IU levels in individuals who received LT. A descriptive cross-sectional study with a convenience sample ( N = 118) was conducted at a center in eastern Turkey. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and hierarchical linear regression analysis. The mean scores for the dimensions of IU, state anxiety and trait anxiety were 34.42 ± 8.35, 40.38 ± 10.07, and 41.88 ± 7.53, respectively. IU and anxiety in individuals with LT were identified as related dynamics. Present findings suggest that uncertainty and IU can be considered in the conceptualization and treatment of anxiety and related pathologies. Nurses may seriously consider these results in order to increase the quality of the treatment and care provided to patients.

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