scholarly journals Risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh: findings of the population-based cross-sectional national survey 2018

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e041334
Author(s):  
Baizid Khoorshid Riaz ◽  
Md Ziaul Islam ◽  
A N M Shamsul Islam ◽  
M M Zaman ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Targeted Interventions

ObjectivesTo determine the national prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the adult population of Bangladesh.DesignThe study was a population-based national cross-sectional study.SettingThis study used 496 primary sampling units (PSUs) developed by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. The PSUs were equally allocated to each division and urban and rural stratum within each division.ParticipantsThe participants were adults aged 18 to 69 years, who were usual residents of the households for at least 6 months and stayed the night before the survey. Out of 9900 participants, 8185 (82.7%) completed STEP-1 and STEP-2, and 7208 took part in STEP-3.Primary and secondary outcomeThe prevalence of behavioural, physical and biochemical risk factors of NCD. Data were weighted to generate national estimates.ResultsTobacco use was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the rural (45.2%) than the urban (38.8%) population. Inadequate fruit/vegetable intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the urban (92.1%) than in the rural (88.9%) population. The mean salt intake per day was higher in the rural (9.0 g) than urban (8.9 g) population. Among all, 3.0% had no, 70.9% had 1 to 2 and 26.2% had ≥3 NCD risk factors. The urban population was more likely to have insufficient physical activity (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.2, 95% CI: 1.2 to 1.2), obesity (AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.5 to 1.5), hypertension (AOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.3 to 1.3), diabetes (AOR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.6 to 1.6) and hyperglycaemia (AOR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.1 to 1.1).ConclusionsConsidering the high prevalence of the behavioural, physical and biochemical risk factors, diverse population and high-risk group targeted interventions are essential to combat the rising burden of NCDs.

scholarly journals Association between socioeconomic status and prevalence of non-communicable diseases risk factors and comorbidities in Bangladesh: findings from a nationwide cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e025538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuhin Biswas ◽  
Nick Townsend ◽  
Md Saimul Islam ◽  
Md Rajibul Islam ◽  
Rajat Das Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the prevalence and distribution in the comorbidity of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the adult population in Bangladesh by measures of socioeconomic status (SES).DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.SettingThis study used Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011 data.ParticipantsTotal 8763 individuals aged ≥35 years were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and overweight/obesity. The study further assesses factors (in particular SES) associated with these comorbidities (DM, HTN and overweight/obesity).ResultsOf 8763 adults,12% had DM, 27% HTN and 22% were overweight/obese (body mass index ≥23 kg/m2). Just over 1% of the sample had all three conditions, 3% had both DM and HTN, 3% DM and overweight/obesity and 7% HTN and overweight/obesity. DM, HTN and overweight/obesity were more prevalent those who had higher education, were non-manual workers, were in the richer to richest SES and lived in urban settings. Individuals in higher SES groups were also more likely to suffer from comorbidities. In the multivariable analysis, it was found that individual belonging to the richest wealth quintile had the highest odds of having HTN (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.49, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.72), DM (AOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.14) and overweight/obesity (AOR 4.3, 95% CI 3.32 to 5.57).ConclusionsIn contrast to more affluent countries, individuals with NCDs risk factors and comorbidities are more common in higher SES individuals. Public health approaches must consider this social patterning in tackling NCDs in the country.

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in a rural area of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Jasimuddin Ahmed ◽  
M Mostafa Zaman ◽  
Sohel R Choudhury ◽  
Tashfin Zissan ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Data on risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are still inadequate Bangladesh. More data, especially from rural population because 70 percent of Bangladeshi people leave in rural area, are necessary to plan intervention and monitor progress of NCD control. The aim of the study was to determine distribution and prevalence of risk factors of NCDs in a rural adult population of Bangladesh.Method: A cross-sectional study targeting one adult (15 years or older) from each of 1088 households of a village was carried out in 2008. Among them 1011 participated. Information on age and education of the respondents and risk factors such as tobacco, fruit and vegetable intake, habit of added salt while taking the meal, blood pressure and waist circumference were obtained using standardized protocol.Results: Mean age of the subjects was 42.4 years. Age adjusted prevalence of tobacco consumption was 59.5% (smoking 31.0% and smokeless tobacco use 36.3%). More than nine in ten (92.8%) of the respondents consumed less than 5 serving of fruit and/or vegetables per day. Nine in ten (88.5%) used extra salt during meal. Prevalence of hypertension and central obesity was found 19.7% and 18.8% respectively.Conclusion: NCD risk factors are widely prevalent even in this rural population having a traditional agricultural lifestyle. Interventions those are appropriate to this kind of community are needed to be developed in Bangladesh.Cardiovasc. j. 2017; 9(2): 122-128

scholarly journals The prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases in Afghan refugees in southern Iran: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Taherifard ◽  
Mohammad Javad Moradian ◽  
Ehsan Taherifard ◽  
Abdolrasool Hemmati ◽  
Behnaz Rastegarfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Southern Iran

Abstract Background Refugees are highly vulnerable to many health-related risks. Monitoring non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is of overriding importance in these populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs amongst Afghan refugees in a refugee camp located in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional sturdy was conducted in 2018. Risk factors such as inadequate nutrition, physical inactivity, tobacco smoking, obesity and overweight, hypertension (HTN), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and dyslipidaemia were assessed. Data were gathered with a modified WHO STEPS procedure. Prevalence and age-standardized prevalence and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results The estimated prevalence were 94% for inadequate fruit/vegetable consumption, 18% for physical inactivity, 9% for tobacco smoking, 3% for FPG, 20% for HTN, 51% for central obesity, 24% for overweight, 19% for obesity, and 69% for dyslipidaemia. Conclusions Except for inadequate fruit and vegetable intake and dyslipidaemia, the prevalence of other NCD risk factors was low among Afghan refugees in Iran. Raising awareness about healthy diet and its importance and the provision of more affordable fruit and vegetables are two effective measures toward improving the health of refugees in Iran.

Multiple behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases among adolescents in four Caribbean countries: prevalence and correlates

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
Fast Food Consumption ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Objectives The study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents in four Caribbean countries. Content In all 9,143 adolescents (15 years = median age) participated in the cross-sectional “2016 Dominican Republic, 2016 Suriname, 2017 Jamaica, and 2017 Trinidad and Tobago Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)”. Eight behavioural risk factors of NCDs were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Summary Prevalence of each behavioural NCD risk factor was physical inactivity (84.2%), inadequate fruit and vegetable intake (82.2%), leisure-time sedentary behaviour (49.6%), daily ≥2 soft drinks intake (46.8%), ever drunk (28.6%), twice or more days a week fast food consumption (27.6%), having overweight/obesity (27.4%), and current tobacco use (13.8%). Students had on average 3.6 (SD=1.4), and 79.0% had 3–8 behavioural NCD risk factors. In multivariable linear regression, psychological distress and older age increased the odds, and attending school and parental support decreased the odds of multiple behavioural NCD risk factors. Outlook A high prevalence and co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors of NCDs was discovered and several factors independently contributing to multiple behavioural NCD risk factors were identified.

scholarly journals Cluster analysis of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in elderly Brazilians: population-based cross-sectional studies in a rural town

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. e18101724202
Author(s):  
Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha ◽  
Sabrina Correia de Oliveira ◽  
Hector Luiz Rodrigues Munaro ◽  
Camila Fabiana Rossi Squarcini ◽  
Bruna Maria Palotino Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables

Negative health behaviors incorporated into lifestyle are considered the main risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adults and the elderly. However, the relationship between the aggregation of these factors and the sociodemographic conditions of the elderly needs to be better elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze the simultaneity of the five risk factors for NCDs in the elderly with low economic status living in a rural city in Brazil, and their association with sociodemographic variables. Cross-sectional study was conducted with elderly people from Family Health Units of the city of Ibicui-Bahia, Brazil, where 310 elderly were enrolled. Rates of physical inactivity in leisure (PIL), alcohol consumption, sedentary behavior, overweight/obesity and tobacco consumption were collected through a questionnaire in an individual interview. The average age among participants was 71.62 (± 8.16) years. The group presenting the five behaviors had high scores in both sexes (men O/E = 242.5; women O/E = 161.7). Among men and women, the highest scores found through clustering of simultaneous NCD risk factors were for the consumption of alcohol with smoking, and physical inactivity with smoking. When analyzing the association between groups and sociodemographic characteristics, men were more physically inactive than women (OR = 0.96, CI = 0.92-0.98) and concomitantly had unhealthy habits (smoking). In conclusion, the elderly are exposed to health risk factors for concurrent CNCDs and the accumulation of these risk factors was not associated with sociodemographic variables, it is suggested that further studies be carried out with the prevalent variables as well as to analyze why the elderly population presents these levels.

Prevalence and correlates of multiple behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases among university students from 24 countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Globally non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the increase. The goal of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of multiple behavioural risk factors of NCDs among university students from 24 countries. Methods In a cross-sectional study, the sample included 18 017 university students from countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Results indicate that prevalence of single behavioural NCD risk indicators were 38.2% for physical inactivity, 80.5% for inadequate fruit and vegetables intake, 23.1% for having overweight/obesity, 10.5% for heavy alcohol use and 11.8% for current tobacco use. Students had on average 1.6 (SD = 0.9), and 15.9% had three or more behavioural NCD risk factors. In adjusted linear regression, male sex was positively and stronger beliefs in health benefits were negatively associated with multiple behavioural NCD risk factors. Conclusions A high prevalence and co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors of NCDs was discovered. Several behavioural NCD risk factors, such as male sex and low health behaviour benefits beliefs, were found that could be utilized in targeted interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases and Screening of Possible Cardiovascular Diseases among Adults in Devchuli Municipality of Nawalpur District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Samikshya Parajuli ◽  
Tulsi Ram Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Myocardial Infraction

Introduction: The major Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. Among the cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction and angina have high morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study assessed the prevalence of risk factors of NCD among adults, screened possible CVDs (myocardial infraction and angina) among adults and related presence of risk factors with possible CVDs (myocardial infarction and angina) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among an adult population of 30 to 50 years in Devchuli Municipality of Nawalpur district, Nepal from June to December 2018. We used WHO STEPS survey questionnaire to assess risk factors and Rose Angina Questionnaire given by WHO to find out the possible myocardial infarction and angina as study tools. We used complete filled 372 questionnaires to analyze and draw the results. Proportionate random sampling was performed to obtain the sample from each ward. Results: The prevalence of the use of any type of tobacco products was 20.7% and consumption of alcoholic products was 19.62%. Prevalence of physically inactive was found at 44.9%. Out of the total participants 25%, 15.3%, and 3.5% reported hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases respectively. Prevalence of possible rose angina and the myocardial infarction was found to be 8.06% and 2.7% respectively. Smoking (χ2=9.685, df=1, p=0.02) and alcohol consumption (χ2=4.331, df=1, p=0.037) were found significantly associated with Rose Angina. Conclusions: The prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases was high. Possible angina and the myocardial infarction were also found out in the adult population. Individual and community-based behavior change intervention program would be the way out to overcome the problem.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices of Adolescents about risk factors for Non-Communicable Diseases at Kabwohe Health Centre IV.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dickson Agaba ◽  
ALLAN MUHUMUZA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background:  Non-communicable diseases (NCDS) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Adolescents are involved in lifestyle behaviors that foster NCDs development later on in the future because of their lack of knowledge about NCDs risk factors. However, there is a paucity of studies that have dealt with knowledge and practices of adolescents about NCDs risk factors. This study therefore aimed at assessing the knowledge and practices of adolescents about NCDs risk factors at Kabwohe HCIV. Methods:  A health center-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 adolescents receiving health-related care services at Kabwohe health center IV. Information was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used in the statistical interpretation. Results:  The overall knowledge of adolescents about NCDs risk factors was 60%. Concerning diet that has fruits, the majority 60(62.4%) took fruits at least once, twice or thrice in a week while 35(37.6%) took fruits more frequently as in four, five times or days as they are indicated in the table above. About vegetable intake,57(60%) percent took a diet with vegetables once, twice, or thrice in a week compared to the 38(40%) that took a diet with vegetables many times a week.44(35.8%) took sugary foods more often i.e. many times in a week compared to the 61(64.3%) that took them less often. The following variables were significantly associated with knowledge about NCDs risk factors: area of residence (p=.0028), Level of education (p=.0181). Conclusion:  Average levels of knowledge were recorded among adolescents receiving care at Kabwohe health center IV though there were high practicing percentages of the risky healthy lifestyle behaviors that foster NCDs development.

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