scholarly journals Impact of early life nutrition on gut health in children: a prospective clinical study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e050432
Author(s):  
Delphine Ley ◽  
Laurent Beghin ◽  
Jules Morcel ◽  
Florence Flamein ◽  
Charles Garabedian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe first 1000 days of life could contribute to individual susceptibility to the later development of chronic non-communicable diseases. Nutrition in early life appears to be an important determinant factor for a sustainable child’s health. In this study, we propose to investigate the impact of exclusive breast feeding on gut health in children.Methods and analysisA prospective cohort of newborns (n=350) will be recruited at birth and followed up to 4 years of age. The main objective is to evaluate the link between exclusive breast feeding for at least 3 months and the gut health of the child at 4 years. The primary endpoint of assessment of gut health will be based on the non-invasive measurement of faecal secretory IgA (sIgA) as a sensitive biomarker of the intestinal ecosystem. The presence of gastrointestinal disorders will be defined according to the clinical criteria of Rome IV. Information on parent’s nutritional habits and life style, breastfeeding duration and child’s complementary feeding will be collected along the follow-up. Cord blood cells and plasma at birth will be purified for further analysis. The meconium and stools collected at birth, 6 months, 2 years and 4 years of age will allow sIgA analysis.Ethics and disseminationThis clinical study has obtained the approval from the national ethical committee. We plan to publish the results of the study in peer-review journals and by means of national and international conference.Trial registration numberNCT04195425.

scholarly journals Impact of early life nutrition on gut health in children: A prospective clinical study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Ley ◽  
Laurent Beghin ◽  
Jules Morcel ◽  
Florence Flamein ◽  
Charles Garabedian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Early Life ◽  
List Type ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rome Iv

AbstractIntroductionThe first 1000 days of life could contribute to individual susceptibility to the later development of chronic non-communicable diseases. Nutrition in early life appears to be an important determinant factor for a sustainable child’s health. In this study, we propose to investigate the impact of exclusive breastfeeding on gut health in children.Methods and analysisA prospective cohort of newborns (n=350) will be recruited at birth and followed up to 4 years of age. The main objective is to evaluate the link between exclusive breastfeeding for at least 3 months and the gut health of the child at 4 years. The primary endpoint of assessment of gut health will be based on the non-invasive measurement of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) as a sensitive biomarker of the intestinal ecosystem. The presence of gastrointestinal disorders will be defined according to the clinical criteria of ROME IV. Information on parent’s nutritional habits and life style, breastfeeding duration and child’s complementary feeding will be collected along the follow-up. Cord blood cells and plasma at birth will be purified for further analysis. The meconium and stools collected at birth, 6 months, 2 years and 4 years of age will allow sIgA analysis.Ethics and disseminationThis clinical study has obtained the approval from the national ethical committee. We plan to publish the results of the study in peer-review journals and by means of national and international conference.Trial registration numberNCT04195425Strengths and limitations of the study-This is a prospective and longitudinal mother/child cohort with minimal constraints (3 visits over 4 years) and minimal risk (no intervention and minimally invasive procedures).-The study will collect a great deal of longitudinal information on children during the first years of life, their parents and their environment via questionnaires and biological samples (cord blood, meconium, stools).-This study will obtain precise data on breastfeeding practices and their short- and medium-term effects on the health of the child, in particular and in an innovative way on gut health through stool samples for immunological analysis, and by using the ROME IV paediatric questionnaire.-Weaknesses could be relied to confounding factors at the selection process and during the follow-up.-Due to the non-interventional study design we will be able to study association but no causal relationship.-The nutritional survey during the study is primarily based on reports from parents and is retrospective which could contribute to inaccuracies due to long delay between each visit.

scholarly journals Breast-feeding duration: influence on taste acceptance over the first year of life

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1154-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Schwartz ◽  
Claire Chabanet ◽  
Caroline Laval ◽  
Sylvie Issanchou ◽  
Sophie Nicklaus
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Umami Taste ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Sensory Preference ◽  
Ingestion Ratio ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact

Early feeding experiences, e.g. related to milk feeding, can affect later food and taste preferences. However, consequences of breast-feeding on taste acceptance are under-investigated. The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of exclusive breast-feeding duration (DEB) on taste acceptance at 6 and 12 months in the same infants (n122). Mothers recorded the DEB. Acceptance of solutions of each of the five basic tastes relative to water was evaluated in the laboratory at 6 and 12 months by the ingestion ratio (IR). Kendall correlations were calculated between the DEB and the IR. Only 16 % completed at least 6 months of exclusive breast-feeding; 79 % had begun complementary feeding by 6 months. At 6 months, infants preferred sweet, salty and umami solutions over water and were indifferent to sour and bitter solutions. The longer an infant was breast-fed, the more s/he accepted the umami solution at 6 months. At 12 months, infants preferred sweet and salty solutions over water and were indifferent to sour, bitter and umami solutions. The relationship between the DEB and acceptance of the umami solution was not observed at 12 months. No relationship was observed between the DEB and sweet, salty, sour and bitter taste acceptance at 6 or 12 months. The association between the DEB and umami taste acceptance at 6 months may relate to the higher glutamate content of human milk compared with formula milk. Beyond the acknowledged metabolic benefits of breast-feeding, this suggests that prolonged breast-feeding could also be associated with an impact on sensory preference at the beginning of complementary feeding.

Assessment of quality and clinical similarity (pharmacokinetic and safety) of HD204, a biosimilar of bevacizumab.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21556-e21556
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Hii ◽  
Martin Demarchi ◽  
Pierre Coliat ◽  
Michael J Kim ◽  
Kuo Wei Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Clinical Phase ◽  
Humanized Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Male Subjects

e21556 Background: Prestige Biopharma Pte Ltd is developing HD204, a biosimilar candidate of Bevacizumab (Avastin). Bevacizumab has been approved in the treatment of a variety of metastatic tumours. Bevacizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody block angiogenesis which is required for cancer progression by preventing binding of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to VEGF receptors. Due to heterogeneity nature of antibody therapeutic, the impact on quality of HD204 on safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) was reaffirmed through clinical study to establish clinical similarity between HD204 and Avastin. Methods: Quality attributes identified to influence PK and safety established through comprehensive analytical characterization was used to correlate any potential differences (structural or biological) between the two compounds if any, could result in any clinical meaningful differences in safety and PK in the clinical settings. The PK and safety equivalence of HD204 relative to Avastin was demonstrated in a randomized, single-blind, single-dose, three-arm and parallel-group study clinical Phase I (SAMSON). A total of 120 healthy male subjects randomized 1:1:1 were to receive 1 mg/kg intravenous infusion of either HD204, EU- or US-Avastin. Various PK parameters, safety assessments not limiting to adverse events (AE) and measurement of antidrug antibodies (ADA) and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) were evaluated. Results: The pairwise comparisons of Exposure (AUC0-inf and AUC0-last), maximal concentration (Cmax) established equivalence between the 3 arms. All other PK parameters including half-life, clearance and volume of distribution were comparable between HD204 and Avastin treatment groups. Treatment related TEAEs reported for each group were 25.0%, 30.0% and 25.6% respectively and comparable. There were no treatment-emergent SAEs. Furthermore, none of the subjects treated with HD204 was ADA positive. Conclusions: HD204 demonstrated equivalent PK and safety profile to both US-Avastin and EU-Avastin at 1mg/kg administered as a 90-minute IV infusion to healthy male subjects. A prospective clinical study aimed to demonstrate equivalence in terms of efficacy, PK and safety is currently ongoing. Clinical trial information: 2017-005174-19.

scholarly journals Assessment of chronic bronchitis and risk factors in young adults: Results from BAMSE

2020 ◽  
pp. 2002120
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Petra Um Bergström ◽  
Christer Janson ◽  
Göran Pershagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding

BackgroundChronic bronchitis is associated with substantial morbidity among elderly adults, but little is known about its prevalence and risk factors in young adults. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and early life risk factors for chronic bronchitis in young adults.MethodsQuestionnaire data and clinical measures from the 24-year follow-up of the Swedish BAMSE cohort were used. We assessed chronic bronchitis (CB) as the combination of cough and mucus production in the morning during winter. Environmental and clinical data from birth and onwards were used for analyses of risk factors.ResultsAt the 24-year follow-up, 75% (n=3064) participants completed the questionnaire and 2030 performed spirometry. The overall prevalence of CB was 5.5% (n=158) with similar estimates in males and females. Forty-nine percent of CB cases experienced more than 3 self-reported respiratory infections in the last year compared to 18% in non-CB subjects (p<0.001), and 37% of cases were current smokers (versus 19%). Statistically significant lower post-FEV1/FVC were observed in CB compared to non-CB subjects (mean z-score −0.06 versus 0.13, p=0.027). Daily smoking (adjusted Odds Ratio, aOR=3.85, p<0.001), air pollution exposure (black carbon during ages 1–4 years old, aOR=1.71 per 1 μg·m3 increase, p=0.009) and exclusive breast-feeding during four months or more (aOR=0.66, p=0.044) were associated with CB.ConclusionChronic bronchitis in young adults is associated with recurrent respiratory infections. Besides smoking, our results support role of early life exposures, such as air pollution and exclusive breast-feeding, for respiratory health later in life.

scholarly journals Evaluating the impact of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative on breast-feeding rates: a multi-state analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Summer Sherburne Hawkins ◽  
Ariel Dora Stern ◽  
Christopher F Baum ◽  
Matthew W Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) on breast-feeding initiation and duration overall and according to maternal education.DesignQuasi-experimental study using data from five states (Alaska, Maine, Nebraska, Ohio, Washington) that participated in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from 1999 to 2009. Using differences-in-differences models that included year and hospital fixed effects, we compared rates of breast-feeding initiation and duration (any and exclusive breast-feeding for ≥4 weeks) before and after BFHI accreditation between mothers who gave birth in hospitals that were accredited or became accredited and mothers from matched non-BFHI facilities. We stratified analyses into lower and higher education groups.SettingThirteen BFHI hospitals and nineteen matched non-BFHI facilities across five states in the USA.SubjectsMothers (n 11 723) who gave birth in BFHI hospitals and mothers (n 13 604) from nineteen matched non-BFHI facilities.ResultsAlthough we did not find overall differences in breast-feeding initiation between birth facilities that received BFHI accreditation compared with non-Baby-Friendly facilities (adjusted coefficient = 0·024; 95 % CI −0·00, 0·51), breast-feeding initiation increased by 3·8 percentage points among mothers with lower education who delivered in Baby-Friendly facilities (P = 0·05), but not among mothers with higher education (adjusted coefficient = 0·002; 95 % CI −0·04, 0·05). BFHI accreditation also increased exclusive breast-feeding for ≥4 weeks by 4·5 percentage points (P = 0·02) among mothers with lower education who delivered in BFHI facilities.ConclusionsBy increasing breast-feeding initiation and duration among mothers with lower education, the BFHI may reduce socio-economic disparities in breast-feeding.

scholarly journals Path Analysis on the Children’s Characteristics and Environmental on the Quality of Life of Children Aged 2-4 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Heni P. Wahyuningsih ◽  
Bhisma Murti ◽  
Eny Lestari ◽  
Reviono Reviono
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: Quality of life is a person&#39;s self-perception of the enjoyment and satisfaction of life. Health related quality of life (HRQOL) is multidimensional, which is the individual&#39;s perception of the impact of a person&#39;s health. Data from US News shows the quality of life of Indonesia is ranked at 40 from the 80 countries in the survey. The quality of life of children can be influenced by factors such as foster patterns, immunization status, breast feeding, no smoking area, and safe water. This research aims to determine the influence of exclusive feeding, immunization, foster patterns, no smoking are, and safe water to the health status and quality of life of children. METHOD: This research is a quantitative observational study with a research design of retrospective cohort studies. Population of this study is all toddlers aged 2-4 years old who reside in the village worthy of children (exposed groups) and ordinary villages (unexposed groups) in the region of Sleman regency. The large sample in this study was 350 respondents with multistage random sampling data retrieval techniques. FINDINGS: The quality of life of the children was directly affected by health status (b=0.006; SE=0.054; p&lt;0.001), foster pattern (b=0.079; SE=0.055; p&lt;0.001), and safe water (b=0.004; SE=0.145; p&lt;0.001). Health status was affected by exclusive breast feeding, foster pattern, and safe water. Foster pattern was affected by safe water (b=0.056). CONCLUSION: The quality of life of the children is directly affected by health status, foster patterns, and safe water. The quality of life is indirectly affected by exclusive breast feeding.

scholarly journals Individual and contextual determinants of exclusive breast-feeding in São Paulo, Brazil: a multilevel analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Isoyama Venancio ◽  
Carlos Augusto Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Early Termination ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo identify individual and contextual factors associated with the practice of exclusive breast-feeding (EBF).MethodologyWe analysed 34 435 children under 6 months of age living in 111 municipalities in the state of São Paulo, south-eastern Brazil, who participated in a survey investigating feeding practices during the first year of life, carried out during the 1999 national vaccination campaign. The questionnaire employed included questions on the consumption, in the last 24 h, of breast milk, water, tea, other types of milk and other foods, in addition to mother and child characteristics. Information on the pro-breast-feeding measures implemented in the municipalities was also collected. The effects of individual and contextual characteristics on EBF were analysed using multilevel models.ResultsThe final model showed a greater chance of EBF in women with tertiary education (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.75–2.06); women aged between 25 and 29 years (OR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.41–1.63); multiparae (OR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.33–1.49); female babies (OR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.05–1.18); birth weight ≥3000 g (OR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.49–1.97); child follow-up in the private health-care network (OR = 1.10; 95% CI 1.02–1.18); and municipalities with four or five pro-breast-feeding measures (OR = 2.4; 95% CI 2.19–2.88). An analysis of the interactions between individual and contextual variables showed that the presence of at least four pro-breast-feeding measures in the municipality attenuated the risk of early termination of EBF associated with low maternal schooling and low birth weight, and transformed child follow-up in the public network into a protective factor against the early termination of breast-feeding.ConclusionsThe presence of measures aimed at protecting, promoting and supporting breast-feeding in the municipality had a positive influence on EBF and attenuated the impact of risk factors for the termination of breast-feeding.

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