First and recurrent ischaemic heart disease events continue to decline in New Zealand, 2005–2015

Heart ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Grey ◽  
Rod Jackson ◽  
Susan Wells ◽  
Billy Wu ◽  
Katrina Poppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Substantial Decline ◽  
New Zealanders

ObjectivesTo examine recent trends in first and recurrent ischaemic heart disease (IHD) deaths and hospitalisations.MethodsUsing anonymous patient-linkage of routinely collected data, all New Zealanders aged 35–84 years who experienced an International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems I(CD)-coded IHD hospitalisation and/or IHD death between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2015 were identified. A 10-year look-back period was used to differentiate those experiencing first from recurrent events. Age-standardised hospitalisation and mortality rates were calculated for each calendar year and trends compared by sex and age.Results160 109 people experienced at least one IHD event (259 678 hospitalisations and 35 548 deaths) over the 11-year study period, and there was a steady decline in numbers (from almost 24 000 in 2005 to just over 16 000 in 2015) and in age-standardised rates each year. With the exception of deaths in younger (35–64 years) women with prior IHD, there was a significant decline in IHD events in men and women of all ages, with and without a history of IHD. The decline in IHD mortality was greater for those experiencing a first rather than recurrent IHD event (3.8%–5.2% vs 0%–3.7% annually on average). In contrast, the decline in IHD hospitalisations was greater for those experiencing a recurrent compared with a first IHD event (5.6%–7.3% vs 3.2%–5.7% annually on average).ConclusionsThe substantial decline in IHD hospitalisations and mortality observed in New Zealanders with and without prior IHD between 2005 and 2015 suggests that primary and secondary prevention efforts have been effective in reducing the occurrence of IHD events.

Reflections on the classification of causes of death

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE C. ALTER ◽  
ANN G. CARMICHAEL
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Theory

On November 11–14 1993, Indiana University hosted a conference on the ‘History of Registration of Causes of Death’, with funding from the US National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The conference brought together historians of medicine and historically-oriented demographers and epidemiologists to discuss the origins of the recording of causes of death and the possible uses of these documents in demographic and epidemiological research. Demographers and epidemiologists would like to use long-run series of causes of death to examine the effects of social and economic conditions, the availability of health care, and specific risk factors on mortality. Many important questions (such as the effects of early health experiences on old-age morbidity and mortality) are best studied with data on changes over long periods of time. However, it is very difficult to construct a consistent series of deaths by cause over time because advances in medical theory and practice have led to significant changes in the classification of diseases. For example, it is unclear whether the prevalence of heart disease was increasing, decreasing, or constant before 1940, because heart disease was often classified under other categories.The essays in this special number of Continuity and Change offer a range of insights on the historical circumstances in which cause-of-death registration emerged. They help us to see the ways in which medical theory, medical practitioners, and their increasingly influential professional organizations shaped the conceptualization of reporting of causes of death. Günter Risse's ‘Causes of death as a historical problem’ serves as an overview of the problems that social historians of medicine find underlying any continuous history of mortality experience. Above all, he argues, medical historians react as historians, wary of Whiggish confidence in state records without attention to the ideologies governing their creation.

Die Wirksamkeit eines Frühinterventionsprogramms für Jugendliche mit Computerspiel- und Internetabhängigkeit: Mittelfristige Effekte der PROTECT+ Studie

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Szász-Janocha ◽  
Eva Vonderlin ◽  
Katajun Lindenberg
Keyword(s):  
Internet Use ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Statistical Classification ◽  
Reliable Change ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Statistical Classification

Zusammenfassung. Fragestellung: Das junge Störungsbild der Computerspiel- und Internetabhängigkeit hat in den vergangenen Jahren in der Forschung zunehmend an Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Durch die Aufnahme der „Gaming Disorder“ in die ICD-11 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) wurde die Notwendigkeit von evidenzbasierten und wirksamen Interventionen avanciert. PROTECT+ ist ein kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutisches Gruppentherapieprogramm für Jugendliche mit Symptomen der Computerspiel- und Internetabhängigkeit. Die vorliegende Studie zielt auf die Evaluation der mittelfristigen Effekte nach 4 Monaten ab. Methodik: N = 54 Patientinnen und Patienten im Alter von 9 bis 19 Jahren (M = 13.48; SD = 1.72) nahmen an der Frühinterventionsstudie zwischen April 2016 und Dezember 2017 in Heidelberg teil. Die Symptomschwere wurde zu Beginn, zum Abschluss der Gruppentherapie sowie nach 4 Monaten anhand von standardisierten Diagnostikinstrumenten erfasst. Ergebnisse: Mehrebenenanalysen zeigten eine signifikante Reduktion der Symptomschwere anhand der Computerspielabhängigkeitsskala (CSAS) nach 4 Monaten. Im Selbstbeurteilungsbogen zeigte sich ein kleiner Effekt (d = 0.35), im Elternurteil ein mittlerer Effekt (d = 0.77). Der Reliable Change Index, der anhand der Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) berechnet wurde, deutete auf eine starke Heterogenität im individuellen Symptomverlauf hin. Die Patientinnen und Patienten bewerteten das Programm zu beiden Follow-Up-Messzeitpunkten mit einer hohen Zufriedenheit. Schlussfolgerungen: Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt international eine der wenigen Studien dar, die eine Reduktion der Symptome von Computerspiel- und Internetabhängigkeit im Jugendalter über 4 Monate belegen konnte.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Hospitalized Stroke Patients of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hossain ◽  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
G Sadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23

scholarly journals Application of MRI for the Diagnosis of Neoplasms

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Bejer-Oleńska ◽  
Michael Thoene ◽  
Andrzej Włodarczyk ◽  
Joanna Wojtkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Benign Neoplasms ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Brain

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the most commonly diagnosed neoplasms in the MRI scanned patient population and indicate correlations based on the descriptive variables. Methods. The SPSS software was used to determine the incidence of neoplasms within the specific diagnoses based on the descriptive variables of the studied population. Over a five year period, 791 patients and 839 MRI scans were identified in neoplasm category (C00-D48 according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ICD-10). Results. More women (56%) than men (44%) represented C00-D48. Three categories of neoplasms were recorded. Furthermore, benign neoplasms were the most numerous, diagnosed mainly in patients in the fifth decade of life, and included benign neoplasms of the brain and other parts of the central nervous system. Conclusions. Males ≤ 30 years of age with neoplasms had three times higher MRI scans rate than females of the same age group; even though females had much higher scans rate in every other category. The young males are more often selected for these scans if a neoplasm is suspected. Finally, the number of MRI-diagnosed neoplasms showed a linear annual increase.

Ischaemic heart disease and pregnancy

Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Cauldwell ◽  
Lucia Baris ◽  
Jolien W Roos-Hesselink ◽  
Mark R Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Shock Delivery ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
History Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

Although ischaemic heart disease is currently rarely encountered in pregnancy, occurring between 2.8 and 6.2 per 100 000 deliveries, it is becoming more common as women delay becoming pregnant until later life, when medical comorbidities are more common, and because of the higher prevalence of obesity in the pregnant population. In addition, chronic inflammatory diseases, which are more common in women, may contribute to greater rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Pregnancy itself seems to be a risk factor for AMI, although the exact mechanisms are not clear. AMI in pregnancy should be investigated in the same manner as in the non-pregnant population, not allowing for delays, with investigations being conducted as they would outside of pregnancy. Maternal morbidity following AMI is high as a result of increased rates of heart failure, arrhythmia and cardiogenic shock. Delivery in women with history of AMI should be typically guided by obstetric indications not cardiac ones.

scholarly journals ICD-11 extension codes support detailed clinical abstraction and comprehensive classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia E. Drösler ◽  
Stefanie Weber ◽  
Christopher G. Chute
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Clinical Detail ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comprehensive Classification

Abstract Background The new International Classification of Diseases—11th revision (ICD-11) succeeds ICD-10. In the three decades since ICD-10 was released, demands for detailed information on the clinical history of a morbid patient have increased. Methods ICD-11 has now implemented an addendum chapter X called “Extension Codes”. This chapter contains numerous codes containing information on concepts including disease stage, severity, histopathology, medicaments, and anatomical details. When linked to a stem code representing a clinical state, the extension codes add significant detail and allow for multidimensional coding. Results This paper discusses the purposes and uses of extension codes and presents three examples of how extension codes can be used in coding clinical detail. Conclusion ICD-11 with its extension codes implemented has the potential to improve precision and evidence based health care worldwide.

scholarly journals Zmiany kryteriów w diagnozowaniu zaburzeń związanych z hazardem oraz uzależnień chemicznych i czynnościowych

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Iwona Niewiadomska ◽  
Agnieszka Palacz-Chrisidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Statistical Classification ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
International Statistical Classification

Autorki poruszają kwestię zmian w kryteriach diagnostycznych dotyczących zaburzeń związanych z hazardem oraz uzależnień chemicznych i czynnościowych w literaturze przedmiotu. Prezentują też krótki przegląd kolejnych edycji podręczników międzynarodowych klasyfikacji, zarówno Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – DSM, jak i The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems – ICD. W artykule przedstawiona jest również dyskusja badaczy na temat umiejscowienia zaburzeń związanych z hazardem w klasyfikacjach diagnostycznych. DSM-V umiejscawia zaburzenie hazardowe w kategorii „zaburzenia używania substancji i nałogów” (ang. Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders, DSM-V), w podkategorii „zaburzenia niezwiązane z substancjami” (ang. Non-Substace Related Disorders, DSM-V). Natomiast według nadal obowiązującego ICD-10, zaburzenie hazardowe pozostaje w obszarze zaburzeń kontroli i impulsów, pod nazwą „hazard patologiczny”.

PUBLIC HEALTH, NURSING, AND MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-765
Author(s):  
Myron E. Wegman
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Standard Nomenclature ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
Health Nursing

Every physician who has been through an internship is familiar with the Standard Nomenclature of Diseases and Operations. Far fewer know the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death or appreciate the relationship between the two. Official inauguration of the use of the Seventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases on January 1, 1958 offers occasion for reviewing some of the considerations affecting the proper naming and classification of diseases and causes of death. It is necessary to clarify the distinction between a "nomenclature" and a "classification." A nomenclature is a list of all terms considered satisfactory in medical usage at the time the nomenclature was prepared. Its primary purpose is to promote use of the same name for the same disease, a necessity for comparability of reports and effective study of a disease. To achieve such uniformity there must be some background of usage and custom, as well as a systematic reference work to help the physician arrive at and use the standard term as a final diagnosis for his case. The Standard Nomenclature of Diseases and Operations of the American Medical Association is in practically universal use in the major institutions of the U. S. A. The Nomenclature itself, while detailed and inevitably complicated by extent of coverage and inclusiveness, follows such a logical pattern that under the pressure of institutional rules and routines it is not difficult to use the system efficiently. Individual physicians, however, are not so disposed to spend the time necessary to follow the Nomenclature and tend rather to use the terminology popular in the geographic area where they are working. Development of local terminologies and usages is perhaps the greatest limiting factor militating against a really general nomenclature.

Ischaemic heart disease in women

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2836-2840
Author(s):  
Martha Gulati
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Artery Disease

The more atypical presentation of women makes the diagnostic evaluation of symptomatic women challenging and results in more frequent referral for diagnostic testing to improve the precision of the ischaemic heart disease likelihood estimate. The classification of ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction has moved beyond the diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease and encompasses ischaemia that can occur in the presence and absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Consideration of the different pathophysiology of ischaemia that may occur in women needs to be considered in the evaluation and treatment of ischaemic heart disease in women.

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