scholarly journals Herpes zoster in SLE: prevalence, incidence and risk factors

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e000574
Author(s):  
Andrew Kwan ◽  
Hanan Al Rayes ◽  
Tijana Lazova ◽  
Nicole Anderson ◽  
Dennisse Bonilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Survival Analyses ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Laboratory Measures

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) events and describe its associated factors in a study of patients with SLE.Methods491 consecutive SLE participants were screened for HZ events using a patient-reported questionnaire to capture outcomes on pain and other characteristics associated with HZ events. Sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory measures were also analysed, and time-dependent Cox regression survival analyses were performed to investigate factors associated with HZ events.ResultsPrevalence of HZ was 30.5%, incidence was 14.3 cases per 1000 person-years. Lymphopenia and glucocorticoid dosing were significantly associated with HZ events.ConclusionsHZ is highly prevalent in SLE, which may be linked to disease-related and treatment-related effects on cellular immunity. Our results suggest that the presence of certain risk factors may be useful to allow identification of patients at risk of HZ and improve its management in patients with SLE.

scholarly journals Long‐Term Fate of the Truncal Valve

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gellis ◽  
Geoffrey Binney ◽  
Laith Alshawabkeh ◽  
Minmin Lu ◽  
Michael J. Landzberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Background Long‐term survival in patients with truncus arteriosus is favorable, but there remains significant morbidity associated with ongoing reinterventions. We aimed to study the long‐term outcomes of the truncal valve and identify risk factors associated with truncal valve intervention. Methods and Results We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent initial truncus arteriosus repair at our institution from 1985 to 2016. Analysis was performed on the 148 patients who were discharged from the hospital and survived ≥30 days postoperatively using multivariable competing risks Cox regression modeling. Median follow‐up time was 12.6 years (interquartile range, 5.0–22.1 years) after discharge from full repair. Thirty patients (20%) underwent at least one intervention on the truncal valve during follow‐up. Survival at 1, 10, and 20 years was 93.1%, 87.0%, and 80.9%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of any truncal valve intervention by 20 years was 25.6%. Independent risk factors for truncal valve intervention included moderate or greater truncal valve regurgitation (hazard ratio [HR], 4.77; P <0.001) or stenosis (HR, 4.12; P <0.001) before full truncus arteriosus repair and moderate or greater truncal valve regurgitation at discharge after full repair (HR, 8.60; P <0.001). During follow‐up, 33 of 134 patients (25%) progressed to moderate or greater truncal valve regurgitation. A larger truncal valve root z ‐score before truncus arteriosus full repair and during follow‐up was associated with worsening truncal valve regurgitation. Conclusions Long‐term rates of truncal valve intervention are significant. At least moderate initial truncal valve stenosis and initial or residual regurgitation are independent risk factors associated with truncal valve intervention. Larger truncal valve root z ‐score is associated with significant truncal valve regurgitation and may identify a subset of patients at risk for truncal valve dysfunction over time.

scholarly journals High-risk human papillomavirus infection and associated factors in the anal canal of HIV-positive patients in Medellín, 2017–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Daniela Herrera Posada ◽  
Lucia Stella Tamayo Acevedo ◽  
Marleny Valencia Arredondo ◽  
Gloria Inéz Sánchez Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Casual Sex ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Risk Hpv

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) anal infection and associated factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients in Medellín. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study in 300 HIV-positive patients, adults, with history of anal intercourse, treated in two health care services of Medellín 2017–2018. We conducted a structured survey on sociodemographics, sexual behavior and medical history. HPV was detected in anal swabs tested by the COBAS 4800 system. Exploratory data analysis of risk factors associated with HR-HPV was conducted by chi-square test of independence and both raw and adjusted prevalence ratios used the Poisson regression model, at a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The high-risk HPV had a prevalence of 82.7%; HPV16 had a prevalence of 32.7%, HPV18 a prevalence of 21.7% and other HPV types scored 78.3%. The high-risk HPV prevalence in women was of 68.2% and 83.8% in men. The risk factors associated with high-risk HPV after adjustment were age under 30 years, elementary education, casual sex partners, and first sexual activity before 18 years old. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of high-risk HPV, along with the occurrence of coinfections by multiple types in the study population shows their susceptibility to develop some type of anal intra-epithelial neoplasia. It is important to establish sexual health programs focused on primary health care.

scholarly journals Trend and factors associated with Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus comorbidity in a Northeastern Brazilian municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giana Gislanne da Silva de Sousa ◽  
Lívia Maia Pascoal ◽  
Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus Costa ◽  
Floriacy Stabnow Santos ◽  
Leonardo Hunaldo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Series Study

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the trend and factors associated with Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus comorbidity in Imperatriz, Maranhão. Methods: epidemiological temporal-series study, conducted in a Northeastern Brazilian municipality. The population consisted of Tuberculosis cases with Diabetes Mellitus-associated aggravation notified in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) between 2009 and 2018. We determined the prevalence and trend of comorbidity using Prais-Winsten regressions and to identify associated factors employed Poisson regression. Results: prevalence ranged from 3.23% in 2014 to 19.51% in 2018, with a mean of 11.5% for the period, showing an increasing trend. Age groups 30 to 59 years and ≥ 60 years, education < 8 years, and clinical form of pulmonary Tuberculosis were risk factors for comorbidity. Conclusions: The increasing trend of comorbidity and its associated factors alert us to the need to improve customer service at all levels of health care.

scholarly journals Incidence, Survival, and Associated Factors Estimation in Osteosarcoma Patients with Lung Metastasis: A Single-center Experience of 11 Years in Tianjin, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Haixiao Wu ◽  
Guijun Xu ◽  
Wenjuan Ma ◽  
Lisha Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lung Metastasis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The current study was conducted to describe the general condition of patients with primary osteosarcoma in a single cancer center in Tianjin, China and to investigate the associated factors in osteosarcoma patients with lung metastasis. Methods: From February 2009 to October 2020, patients from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China were retrospectively analyzed. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Prognostic factors of patients with osteosarcoma were identified by the Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Risk factor of lung metastasis in osteosarcoma were investigated by the logistic regression model. Results: A total of 203 patients were involved and 150 patients were successfully followed up for survival status. The 5-year survival rate of osteo-sarcoma patients was 70.0%. Surgery, bone and lung metastasis were the significant prognostic factors in multivariable Cox regression analysis. Twenty-one (10.3%) patients showed lung metastasis at the diagnosis of osteosarcoma and 67 (33%) lung metastases during the later course. T3 stage (OR=11.415, 95%CI 1.362-95.677, P=0.025) and synchronous bone metastasis (OR=6.437, 95%CI 1.69-24.51, P=0.006) were risk factors of synchronous lung metastasis occurrence. Good necrosis (≥90%, OR=0.097, 95%CI 0.028-0.332, P=0.000) and elevated Ki-67 (≥50%, OR=4.529, 95%CI 1.241-16.524, P=0.022) were proved to be significantly associated with metachronous lung metastasis occurrence. Conclusion: The overall survival, prognostic factors and risk factors for lung metastasis in this single center provided insight about osteosarcoma management.

scholarly journals Liver Metastases in Newly Diagnosed Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Population Based Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyi Wu ◽  
Xiaoben Pan ◽  
Baohua Wang ◽  
Xiaolei Zhu ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background Estimates of the incidence and prognosis of developing liver metastases at the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) diagnosis are lacking.Methods In this study, we analyzed the association of liver metastases and the PDAC patients outcome. The risk factors associated with liver metastases in PDAC patients were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The overall survival (OS) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. Cox regression was performed to identify factors associated with OS.Results Patients with primary PDAC in the tail of the pancreas had a higher incidence of liver metastases (62.2%) than those with PDAC in the head (28.6%). Female gender, younger age, primary PDAC in the body or tail of the pancreas, and larger primary PDAC tumor size were positively associated with the occurrence of liver metastases. The median survival of patients with liver metastases was significantly shorter than that of patients without liver metastases. Older age, unmarried status, primary PDAC in the tail of the pancreas, and tumor size ≥4 cm were risk factors for OS in the liver metastases cohort.Conclusions Population-based estimates of the incidence and prognosis of PDAC with liver metastases may help decide whether diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in patients with primary PDAC in the tail or body of the pancreas. The location of primary PDAC should be considered during the diagnosis and treatment of primary PDAC.

scholarly journals Abandoning resectional intent in patients initially deemed suitable for esophagectomy: a nationwide study of risk factors and outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Edholm ◽  
Mats Lindblad ◽  
Gustav Linder
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Impact On Survival

Summary The main curative treatment modality for esophageal cancer is resection. Patients initially deemed suitable for resection may become unsuitable, most commonly due to signs of generalized disease or having become unfit for surgery. The aim was to assess risk factors for abandoning esophagectomy and its impact on survival. All patients diagnosed with an esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer in the Swedish National Register for Esophageal and Gastric Cancer from 2006–2016 were included and risk factors associated with becoming ineligible for resection were analyzed in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Overall survival was explored by multivariable Cox regression models. Among 1,792 patients planned for resection, 189 (11%) became unsuitable for resection before surgery and 114 (6%) had exploratory surgery without resection. Intermediate and high educational levels were associated with an increased probability of resection (odds ratio (OR) 1.46, 95% CI 1.05–2.05, OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.28–2.87, respectively) as was marital status (married: OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01–1.85). Clinically advanced disease (cT4: OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.16–0.87; cN3: OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09–0.81) and neoadjuvant treatment were associated with a decreased probability of resection (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46–0.88). Five-year survival for non-resected patients was only 4.5% although neoadjuvant treatment was associated with improved survival (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.56–0.99). Non-resected patients with squamous cell carcinoma had comparatively reduced survival (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.10–2.43). High socioeconomic status was associated with an increased probability of completing the plan to resect whereas clinically advanced disease and neoadjuvant treatment were independent factors associated with increased risk of abandoning resectional intent.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Early Recurrence of Gallstones in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopy Combined With Choledochoscopic Lithotomy: A Single-Center Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Anhua Huang ◽  
Min Jiang ◽  
Haidong Li ◽  
Wenqing Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Postoperative Recurrence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Objective: For patients with gallstones, laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopic lithotomy is a therapeutic surgical option for preservation rather than the removal of the gallbladder. However, postoperative recurrence of gallstones is a key concern for both patients and surgeons. This prospective study was performed to investigate the risk factors for early postoperative recurrence of gallstones.Methods: The clinical data of 466 patients were collected. Each patient was followed up for up to 2 years. The first follow-up visit occurred 4 months after the operation, and a follow-up visit was carried out every 6 months thereafter. The main goal of each visit was to confirm the presence or absence of gallbladder stones. The factors associated with gallstone recurrence were analyzed by univariate analysis and Cox regression.Results: In total, 466 eligible patients were included in the study, and 438 patients (180 men and 258 women) completed the 2-year postoperative follow-up. The follow-up rate was 94.0%. Recurrence of gallstones was detected in 5.71% (25/438) of the patients. Univariate analysis revealed five risk factors for the recurrence of gallstones. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that multiple gallstones, a gallbladder wall thickness of ≥4 mm, and a family history of gallbladder stones were the three predictive factors for postoperative recurrence of gallstones (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The overall 2-year recurrence rate of gallstones after the operation was 5.71%. Multiple gallstones, a gallbladder wall thickness of ≥4 mm, and a family history of gallstones were the three risk factors associated with early postoperative recurrence of gallstones.

scholarly journals Preoperative Nutritional Status and Risk Factors Associated with Delayed Discharge in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xining Zhao ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yuying Yang ◽  
Yan Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Delayed Discharge ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Preoperative malnutrition is an independent risk factor for postoperative complications and survival for gastric cancer (GC) patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition and the risk factors associated with the delayed discharge of geriatric patients undergoing gastrectomy. Material and Methods A retrospective study of GC patients (age ≥ 65) who underwent gastrectomy at Zhongshan Hospital from January 2018 to May 2020 was conducted. Clinical data, including demographic information, medical history, surgery-related factors, and perioperative nutritional management were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 783 patients were reviewed. The overall frequency of malnutrition was 31.3% (249/783). The levels of albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin were lower in the malnutrition group compared with the well-nourished group. Moreover, 51 (6.5%) patients received preoperative total parenteral nutritional support. All patients received postoperative parenteral nutrition; 194 (77.9%) patients in the malnutrition group received an infusion of carbohydrates with composite amino acid and 55 (22.1%) received total nutrient admixture. No significant difference was found in the duration of postoperative nutrition between the groups (P>0.05). The malnutrition group was associated with a higher rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) (P<0.001). Multivariate cox regression revealed that age >70 years, length of surgery >180 min, and postoperative complications were significant risk factors associated with delayed discharge. Conclusion Malnutrition is relatively common in elderly patients undergoing gastrectomy. Age, length of surgery, and postoperative complications are important risk factors associated with delayed discharge. Elderly GC patients with risk factors urgently require specific attention to shorten hospital stays.

scholarly journals One-year Versus Five-year Hospital Readmission after Ischemic Stroke and TIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Therese Bjerkreim ◽  
Halvor Naess ◽  
Andrej Netland Khanevski ◽  
Lars Thomassen ◽  
Ulrike Waje-Andreassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Index Admission ◽  
Unplanned Readmission ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background: The burden of readmission after stroke is substantial, but little knowledge exists on factors associated with long-term readmission after stroke. In a cohort composing patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), we examined and compared factors associated with readmission within 1 year and first readmission during year 2-5. Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke or TIA who were discharged alive between July 2007 and October 2012, were followed for five years by review of medical charts. Timing and cause of the first unplanned readmission were registered. Cox regression was used to identify independent risk factors for readmission within 1 year and first readmission during year 2-5 after discharge. Results: The cohort included 1453 patients, of whom 568 (39.1%) were readmitted within 1 year. Of the 830 patients that were alive and without readmission 1 year after discharge, 439 (52.9%) were readmitted within 5 years. Patients readmitted within 1 year were older, had more severe strokes, poorer functional outcome, and a higher occurrence of complications during index admission than patients readmitted during years 2-5. Cardiovascular comorbidity did not differ between the two groups of readmitted patients. Higher age, poorer functional outcome, coronary artery disease and hypertension were independently associated with first readmission within both 1 year and during year 2-5. Peripheral artery disease was independently associated with readmission within 1 year, and atrial fibrillation was associated with first readmission during year 2-5. Conclusions: More than half of all patients who survived the first year after stroke without any readmissions were readmitted within 5 years. Patients readmitted within 1 year and between years 2-5 shared many risk factors for readmission, but they differed in age, functional outcome and occurrence of complications during the index admission.

scholarly journals Chronic bronchitis in Aboriginal people—prevalence and associated factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Konrad ◽  
A Hossain ◽  
A Senthilselvan ◽  
JA Dosman ◽  
MD Pahwa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Introduction Knowledge about chronic bronchitis (CB) among Aboriginal people in Canada is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CB and its associated factors among Aboriginal people aged 15 years plus. Methods Logistic regression analysis was used on data from the cross-sectional 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey to determine risk factors associated with CB. Results CB prevalence was 6.6% among First Nations, 6.2% among Métis and 2.4% among Inuit. Prevalence was higher among females than males (7.2% versus 5.0%). Individuals with CB were more likely to be older, living at a lower income, with a lower educational attainment and residing in rural areas. Smoking status and body mass index were also significantly associated with CB, but their effect differed by sex. Obesity was particularly significantly associated with CB among females compared with males, and current smoking and non-smoking status was significantly associated with CB among females but not males. Conclusion These findings identify factors associated with CB among Aboriginal people. As such, they may represent potentially preventable risk factors that can inform health promotion and disease prevention practices.

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