Poor health as a potential risk factor for job loss due to automation: the case of Norway

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Hessel ◽  
Solveig Christiansen ◽  
Vegard Skirbekk
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Job Displacement ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Generalised Linear Models ◽  
Health And Well Being

ObjectiveThis study aimed to quantify the extent to which health characteristics of workers are related to the potential risk of experiencing job displacement due to automation.MethodsLinking the 2015 Norwegian Statistics on Income and Living Conditions survey (n=6393) with predicted probabilities of automation by occupation, we used Kruskal-Wallis tests and multivariate generalised linear models to assess the association between long-standing illnesses and risk of job automation.ResultsIndividuals with long-standing illnesses face substantially greater risks of losing their job due to automation. Whereas the average risk of job automation is 57% for men and 49% for women with long-standing illnesses, the risk is only 50% for men and 44% for women with limitations (p<0.001). Controlling for age, having a long-standing illness significantly increases the relative risk of facing job automation among men (risk ratio (RR) 1.13, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.19), as well as women (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.17). While, among men, the association between long-standing illness and risk of job automation remains significant when controlling for education and income, it becomes insignificant among women.ConclusionsIndividuals with poor health are likely to carry the highest burden of technological change in terms of worsening employment prospects because of working in occupations disproportionally more likely to be automated. Although the extent of technology-related job displacement will depend on several factors, given the far-reaching negative consequences of job loss on health and well-being, this process represents a significant challenge for public health and social equity.

scholarly journals Health and well-being of parents with 4-year-old children – a nationwide study in 2018 in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Klemetti ◽  
M Vuorenmaa ◽  
R Ikonen ◽  
J Oksanen ◽  
J Lammi-Taskula
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Upper Secondary Education ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Background A nation-wide data collection on small children and their families’ health and well-being has been lacking in Finland. The aim of this study was to examine health and determinants of health among parents with a four-year-old child. Methods A nation-wide study for 4-year-old children (N = 8720) and their parents (N = 10 737) conducted in 2018. The families were recruited by public health nurses at child health clinics. Both parents had a possibility to answer a questionnaire considering questions on health, well-being and service use. General health of the parent was measured by one question (How do you find your general state of health?), depressive disorders by PHQ-2 and mental health by MHI-5. Data were analyzed by cross-tabulation. Results of logistic regression will be presented in the conference. Results Most participants were female (72%) and most families had two adults (93%). Mean age was 35 years and 58% were highly educated. Around 10% reported their health as average or poor, 19% had had depressive disorders within 12 months, and 6% had experienced mental distress. Single parents reported mental distress and depressive disorders significantly more often than the other parents. Average or poor health was reported significantly more often by female parents. Those with average or poor health or depressive disorders were significantly more likely to have one child, upper secondary education or less, or be outside of work. They felt themselves significantly more often lonely and unsatisfied with their life and family’s economic situation. They were also significantly more likely to report need of support for their own parenthood and partnership. Conclusions Health challenges among the parents were quite similar than those among the adults in same ages. However, detailed analysis is needed to find out the specific determinants affecting the parents and whole family’s life to be able to better support the families. Key messages Most parents with children aged 4-year-old were healthy and satisfied with their life. The parents having poor physical or mental health had also challenges in family life.

SPOUSAL INFLUENCES ON HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF OLDER KUWAITI MEN AND WOMEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yagoub Y. Al-Kandari ◽  
Douglas E. Crews
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Frequency Of Contact ◽  
Health And Well Being

SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine the associations of the self-perceptions of health and social support among Kuwaitis who were 60 years old and older, who either were or were not currently living with a spouse. A sample of 1427 was selected (472 men and 955 women). Social Affairs nurses completed all interviews in the participants’ homes. A single questionnaire was designed; SPSS (version 21) was used for data entry and analysis. Participants living with their spouse reported significantly greater social support, more frequent contact with others and greater strength of social relationships than those without a spouse. Significant differences between those with and without a spouse were observed for all physically assessed and self-reported aspects of health. Of 60 items included in the somatic symptoms, participants with a spouse reported fewer poor health symptoms than those without a spouse. More children living in the same household, along with greater frequency of contact, strength of contact and social support significantly and independently predicted positive somatic symptoms in the total sample as well as in both sexes. Participants with a spouse reported fewer poor health symptoms than did those without a spouse. Having a spouse is a significant benefit to many aspects of elder Kuwaitis’ daily lives, including their health and well-being.

scholarly journals Social Inequality and Type 2 Diabetes Management among Older Latinx Immigrants

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jasmin Tahmaseb McConatha ◽  
Jasmin Tahmaseb McConatha ◽  
Frauke Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
The U.S

Being an immigrant in the contemporary U.S. is stressful. During the pandemic of 2020, these stressors are amplified for all populations. At the same time, Latinx immigrants are also disproportionately affected by the pandemic. They are more vulnerable, face greater economic challenges, and are more likely to die from the virus. In addition to these difficult realities, regardless of status, Latinx immigrants are often perceived as illegal and subjected to discriminatory treatment [1]. Type 2 diabetes is also an illness that disproportionately affects minorities and immigrant populations. In 2018, there were almost 60 million Latinos-18% of the U.S. population (more than one in six)-living in the United States [2]. In addition to the myriad of stressors that immigrants, particularly older immigrants experience, the stigma and vulnerability associated with the pandemic of 2020 are likely to have serious negative consequences on their health and well-being. This paper addresses some of the challenges Latinx immigrants face as they struggle to manage Type 2 diabetes during a pandemic.

scholarly journals The milk-based diet of infancy and the gut microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Hao ◽  
Lixin Zhu ◽  
Howard S Faden
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Commensal Bacterium ◽  
Essential Nutrients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Food Complex

Abstract The composition and the diversity of the gut microbiome play a major role in the health and well-being of humans beginning at birth. The impact of the diet on the structure and the function of the gut microbiome is evident by the changes in the gut microbiome concurrent with the transition from human milk to solid food. Complex oligosaccharides contained in milk are essential nutrients for commensal microbes in the infant gut. The most important commensal bacterium in the infant gut, bifidobacterium, requires α1, 2 fucosylated oligosaccharides for growth. Because not all humans are able to secrete α1, 2 fucosylated oligosaccharides into milk, the gut microbiome of infants and bifidobacteria, in particular, vary considerably between ‘secretors’ and ‘non-secretors’. A paucity of α1, 2 fucosylated oligosaccharides and bifidobacteria in the gut of infants may be associated with poor health.

scholarly journals ‘Just because I’m old it doesn’t mean I have to be fat’: a qualitative study exploring older adults’ views and experiences of weight management

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e025680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Jackson ◽  
Linn Holter ◽  
Rebecca J Beeken
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Health And Well Being

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore older adults’ beliefs about the appropriateness of weight management, and how their experiences and expectations of weight management have changed as they have got older.DesignQualitative semistructured interview study.SettingUK.ParticipantsOlder adults (≥65 years) in the UK who had recent (<5 years) experience of trying to manage their weight (n=15; 12 women; 73% white British).ResultsData were analysed using thematic analysis. Emergent themes highlighted that weight remained a concern for many older adults, although having a high body weight was seen to be more acceptable at older than younger ages. Excess weight was reported to have negative consequences for health and well-being which participants felt could be alleviated by losing weight. Participants were motivated to lose weight for appearance and health reasons, but mentioned finding it harder to lose weight as they had got older and generally felt they had received limited guidance on weight management from health professionals.ConclusionsThe views of our participants highlight the need for further research into safe and effective methods of weight loss for older people and indicate that advice and support from health professionals would be welcomed.

scholarly journals The Water–Energy–Food Nexus as a Tool to Transform Rural Livelihoods and Well-Being in Southern Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi ◽  
Luxon Nhamo ◽  
Sylvester Mpandeli ◽  
Charles Nhemachena ◽  
Aidan Senzanje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Health And Well Being

About 60% of southern Africa’s population lives in rural areas with limited access to basic services and amenities such as clean and safe water, affordable and clean energy, and balanced and nutritious diets. Resource scarcity has direct and indirect impacts on nutrition, human health, and well-being of mostly poor rural communities. Climate change impacts in the region are manifesting through low crop yields, upsurge of vector borne diseases (malaria and dengue fever), and water and food-borne diseases (cholera and diarrhoea). This study applied a water–energy–food (WEF) nexus analytical livelihoods model with complex systems understanding to assess rural livelihoods, health, and well-being in southern Africa, recommending tailor-made adaptation strategies for the region aimed at building resilient rural communities. The WEF nexus is a decision support tool that improves rural livelihoods through integrated resource distribution, planning, and management, and ensures inclusive socio-economic transformation and development, and addresses related sustainable development goals, particularly goals 2, 3, 6 and 7. The integrated WEF nexus index for the region was calculated at 0.145, which is marginally sustainable, and indicating the region’s exposure to vulnerabilities, and reveals a major reason why the region fails to meet its developmental targets. The integrated relationship among WEF resources in southern Africa shows an imbalance and uneven resource allocation, utilisation and distribution, which normally results from a ‘siloed’ approach in resource management. The WEF nexus provides better adaptation options, as it guides decision making processes by identifying priority areas needing intervention, enhancing synergies, and minimising trade-offs necessary for resilient rural communities. Our results identified (i) the trade-offs and unintended negative consequences for poor rural households’ livelihoods of current silo approaches, (ii) mechanisms for sustainably enhancing household water, energy and food security, whilst (iii) providing direction for achieving SDGs 2, 3, 6 and 7.

Resilience

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Seery
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Adverse Life Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health And Well Being

When adverse life events occur, people often suffer negative consequences for their mental health and well-being. More adversity has been associated with worse outcomes, implying that the absence of life adversity should be optimal. However, some theory and empirical evidence suggest that the experience of facing difficulties can also promote benefits in the form of greater propensity for resilience when dealing with subsequent stressful situations. I review research that demonstrates U-shaped relationships between lifetime adversity exposure and mental health and well-being, functional impairment and health care utilization in chronic back pain, and responses to experimentally induced pain. Specifically, a history of some lifetime adversity predicts better outcomes than not only a history of high adversity but also a history of no adversity. This has important implications for understanding resilience, suggesting that adversity can have benefits.

scholarly journals Health, social, and economic impacts of non-driving related license suspensions: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma B Sartin ◽  
Dominique G. Ruggieri ◽  
Adrian Diogo ◽  
Lauren O’Malley ◽  
Lakhaya London ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Loss Of Autonomy ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Community Relationships

Abstract Objective To determine whether and how non-driving related (NDR) license suspensions impacts affected individuals’ economic and financial stability, social and community relationships, and health and well-being. Methods We conducted semi-structured phone interviews with 14 adults in [BLINDED] between September 2020 and January 2021. Participants had an NDR suspension and were primarily recruited through community partners. A directed content analysis approach informed the development of the coding scheme. Coded transcripts were reviewed to identify themes. Results We identified five themes: loss of autonomy disrupting everyday quality of life; compromised health; employment challenges; compromised social and community relationships; and the experience of having a license suspension. Participants reported a cascade of negative consequences across several aspects of their lives; as one aspect was affected, others worsened. Conclusion NDR suspensions appear to create or exacerbate unemployment and financial instability, isolation, and health issues (primarily mental health and substance abuse problems). Policy implications: This study provides insight into how NDR suspension policies harm individuals and are potential examples of systemic racism/classism; our conclusion supports ongoing state- and federal-level efforts to end this practice.

Protective Factors in Child Abuse and Neglect

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-116
Author(s):  
Lea Tufford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Health And Well Being

This chapter examines the protective factors for child maltreatment from child, parent, family, and community aspects as there are individual differences in how children, parents, families, and communities respond to maltreatment. Protective factors have not been studied as extensively or rigorously as risk factors; however, they can promote health and well-being for maltreated children. These factors can also help to develop interventions to reduce impairment following exposure to child maltreatment. Resilience is another term for protective factors and focuses on examining children’s capacity to overcome or manage child abuse and neglect and achieve positive developmental outcomes. Despite the growing emphasis on resilience and protective factors, it must be understood that the existence of protective factors does not deny the negative consequences of child maltreatment or that maltreatment is wrong.

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