Body mass index status and peripheral airway obstruction in school-age children: a population-based cohort study

BackgroundFew large prospective studies have investigated the impact of body mass index (BMI) on lung function during childhood.MethodsUsing data collected between 2002 and 2013, we analysed associations between BMI status and lung function (assessed by spirometry) from 8 to 16 years, as well as cross-sectional associations with small airway function (impulse oscillometry) at 16 years in the BAMSE cohort (n=2889). At 16 years, cross-sectional associations with local and systemic inflammation were investigated by analysing FENO, blood eosinophils and neutrophils.ResultsOverweight and obesity at 8 years were associated with higher FVC, but lower FEV1/FVC ratio at 8 and 16 years. In boys, but not girls, obesity at 8 years was associated with a further reduction in FEV1/FVC between 8 and 16 years. In cross-sectional analyses, overweight and obesity were associated with higher frequency dependence of resistance (R5–20) and larger area under the reactance curve (AX0.5) at 16 years. Increased blood neutrophil counts were seen in overweight and obese girls, but not in boys. No association was found between BMI status and FENO. Persistent, but not transient, overweight/obesity between 8 and 16 years was associated with higher R5–20 and AX0.5 and lower FEV1/FVC (−2.8% (95% CI −4.1 to −1.2) in girls and −2.7% (95% CI −4.4 to −1.1) in boys) at 16 years, compared with persistent normal weight.ConclusionIn childhood and adolescence, overweight and obesity, particularly persistent overweight, were associated with evidence of airway obstruction, including the small airways.

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Correlation of Body Mass Index and Lung Volume in 3–7 Year-Old Children in Rīga Pre-School Educational Institutions

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences ◽

10.2478/prolas-2020-0055 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 366-372

Author(s):

Liene Martinsone-Bērzkalne ◽

Silvija Umbraško ◽

Ilva Duļevska ◽

Liāna Pļaviņa ◽

Viktorija Cīrule ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Lung Function ◽

Body Mass ◽

School Children ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Body Height ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Functional Changes

AbstractThe number of people with excess weight increases every year. Overweight and obesity in childhood can cause several chronic diseases in adulthood. Children with excess body mass develop more morphological and functional changes, including pulmonary functions. One of the common methods to assess lung function is spirometry. This method is a challenge in assessing lung function for pre-school age children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between lung vital capacity and body mass index for the pre-school children aged 3–7 years in Rīga. In total 995 pre-school children were included in the study. An informative consent and questionnaire about the development of each individual child was filled in by parents. Several measurements were performed, including height, body mass, and lung vital capacity. This is the first study in Latvia where several morphologic and somatometric measurements were determined in children of pre-school age. There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between lung vital capacity and body height, mass, and chest circumference. The correlation between lung vital capacity and body mass index was not statistically significant. The main results do not differ from the results of similar studies in other countries. The obtained results will help to create a standard of morphological and somatometric parameters in pre-school aged children in Rīga region.

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Nutrition Literacy among Adolescents and Its Association with Eating Habits and BMI in Tripoli, Lebanon

Diseases ◽

10.3390/diseases9020025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Sara Taleb ◽

Leila Itani

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Food Habits ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Assessment Instrument ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

Cross Sectional

(1) Background: Adolescence is a period of increased autonomy and independent decision making; it determines health behaviors that can persist into the future. Individual factors like food choices and unhealthy lifestyle have an essential role in the development and prevention of obesity among adolescents and are associated with the nutrition literacy of parents and other adults. While the association of parents’ nutrition literacy with adolescent BMI has been addressed, there is still a scarcity of studies that examine the effect of adolescents’ nutrition literacy on their eating habits and body mass index (BMI) status. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 189 adolescents (68 with overweight and obesity and 121 with normal weight) aged between 14–19 years from four private schools in Tripoli, Lebanon. A self-administered questionnaire that included the Nutrition Literacy Assessment Instrument (NLAI) and the Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) was used. Anthropometrics were measured using standardized procedures. The association between nutrition literacy, food habits and BMI was assessed using a chi squared test for independence and Poisson regression analysis where suitable. (3) Results: Results indicated no association between all five components of nutrition literacy and body mass index categories. Furthermore, there was no association between the Adolescent Food Habits Checklist and overweight or obese BMI status (RR = 0.947, 95%CI: 0.629–1.426) (p = 0.796). No association was observed between nutrition literacy and food habits, except for an inverse association with macronutrients literacy. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, the study indicated that there was no association between the components of nutrition literacy with body mass index or with food habits, except for macronutrient literacy.

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Prevalence of overweight and obesity based on the body mass index; a cross-sectional study in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia

Lipids in Health and Disease ◽

10.1186/s12944-018-0778-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Sameer Al-Ghamdi ◽

Mamdouh M. Shubair ◽

Abdulrahman Aldiab ◽

Jamaan M. Al-Zahrani ◽

Khaled K. Aldossari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Caffeinated Drinks Intake, Late Chronotype, and Increased Body Mass Index among Medical Students in Chongqing, China: A Multiple Mediation Model

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15081721 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1721 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yangchang Zhang ◽

Yang Xiong ◽

Jia Dong ◽

Tingting Guo ◽

Xiaoman Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Medical Students ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multiple Mediation ◽

Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽

Positive Role ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Background: This paper investigates the problems regarding caffeinated drinks intake, late chronotype, and increased body mass index (BMI) among medical students at a Chinese university. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 with 616 medical students from Chongqing Medical University in Chongqing, China, whose information were collected by a self-reported questionnaire that included four sections: Demographic characteristics; Caffeinated drinks intake and physical state; Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21. Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to test the impact of late chronotype on increased BMI through caffeinated drinks consumption through two models. Results: The significantly mediated effect of caffeinated drinks consumption was revealed (estimate: −0.01, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.02, −0.01]), and which played a positive role in linking late chronotype (B = −0.01, SE = 0.01, p < 0.001) and increased BMI (B = 1.37, SE = 0.21, p < 0.01), but their significant association did not be found in reversed model. In addition, physical activity and inactivity times demonstrated significant indirect effects in the two models. Conclusions: Interventions should focus on reducing caffeinated drinks intake and sedentary behavior time, enhancing physical activity among medical students.

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Predicting overweight and obesity in adulthood from body mass index values in childhood and adolescence

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/76.3.653 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 653-658 ◽

Cited By ~ 621

Author(s):

Shumei Sun Guo ◽

Wei Wu ◽

William Cameron Chumlea ◽

Alex F Roche

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Childhood And Adolescence

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Age and body mass index affect fit of spirometry GLI references in schoolchildren

10.1101/2021.10.07.21264678 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rebeca Mozun ◽

Cristina Ardura-Garcia ◽

Eva S. L. Pedersen ◽

Jakob Usemann ◽

Florian Singer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Lung Function ◽

Body Mass ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Z Scores

AbstractBackgroundReferences from the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) are widely used to interpret children’s spirometry results. We assessed fit for healthy schoolchildren.MethodsLuftiBus in the school (LUIS) is a population-based cross-sectional study done from 2013-2016 in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Parents and children aged 6-17 years answered questionnaires about respiratory symptoms and lifestyle. Children underwent spirometry in a mobile lung function lab. We calculated GLI-based z-scores for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 for healthy White participants. We defined appropriate fit to GLI references by mean values ±0.5 z-scores. We assessed if fit varied by age, body mass index, height, and sex using linear regression models.ResultsWe analysed data from 2036 children with valid FEV1 measurements of which 1762 also had valid FVC measurements. The median age was 12.2 years. Fit was appropriate for children aged 6-11 years for all indices. In adolescents aged 12-17 years, fit was appropriate for FEV1/FVC (mean: -0.09; SD: 1.02) z-scores, but not for FEV1 (mean: -0.62; SD: 0.98), FVC (mean: -0.60; SD: 0.98), and FEF25-75 (mean: -0.54; SD: 1.02). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores fitted better in children considered overweight (means: -0.25, -0.13, -0.38) than normal weight (means: -0.55, -0.50, -0.55; p-trend: <0.001, 0.014, <0.001). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores depended on both age and height (p interaction: 0.034, 0.019, <0.01).ConclusionGLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores do not fit White Swiss adolescents well. This should be considered when using reference equations for clinical decision making, research and international comparison.Take home messageOur study suggests GLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores over detect abnormal lung function in Swiss adolescents, and more so among slimmer adolescents, which has important implications for clinical care, research, and international comparisons.

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Body Mass Index and Association With Caries in School-Aged Children With Orofacial Cleft: A Case-Control Study

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/1055665619868862 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 169-176

Author(s):

Anna Lena Sundell ◽

Anna-Karin Nilsson ◽

Agneta Marcusson ◽

Carl-Johan Törnhage

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Case Control ◽

Assessment System ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Adopted Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Objective: Data on the association between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries in children with orofacial clefts are sparse. Therefore, studies on the impact of BMI on caries frequency in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are of importance. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between BMI and frequency of dental caries in children with and without CL/P. Height, weight, and BMI in children with CL/P were also compared to controls. Design: This study used a cross-sectional case-control design. Participants: One hundred and thirty-nine 5- and 10-year-old children with CL/P and 299 age-matched controls. Main Outcome Measures: Caries was recorded according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Height and weight were recorded, and BMI was calculated as weight/height2. Results: There was no correlation between BMI and caries frequency. Weight, height, and BMI were significantly lower in all children with CL/P compared to controls. After adjustment for international adoption, only BMI was significantly lower in CL/P children compared to controls. Non-adopted children with CL/P were significantly heavier and longer than adopted children with CL/P. Conclusions: Five- and 10-year-old children with corrected CL/P seemed to have a lower BMI than controls, but there was no association between BMI and caries frequency. Internationally adopted children with CL/P were lighter and shorter than non-adopted CL/P children and controls.

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The impact of body mass index, central obesity and physical activity on lung function: results of the EpiHealth study

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00214-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 00214-2020

Author(s):

Magnus Svartengren ◽

Gui-Hong Cai ◽

Andrei Malinovschi ◽

Jenny Theorell-Haglöw ◽

Christer Janson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Lung Function ◽

Body Mass ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Weight Group ◽

The Impact

Study objectivesObesity is often associated with lower lung function; however, the interaction of lung function with central obesity and physical inactivity is less clear. As such, we investigated the effect on lung function of body size (body mass index (BMI)), central obesity (waist circumference (WC)) and self-reported physical activity.MethodsLung function, height, weight and WC were measured in 22 743 participants (12 791 women), aged 45–75 years, from the EpiHealth cohort study. Physical activity, gender and educational level were assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsObesity, central obesity and physical inactivity were all associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). However, in participants without central obesity there was an increase in both FEV1 and FVC by BMI (% predicted FVC increasing from median 98%, interquartile range (IQR) 89–110% in underweight participants (BMI <20) to 103%, IQR 94–113% in obese participants (BMI ≥30)). In contrast, there was a decrease in % predicted FVC in participants with central obesity (from 98%, IQR 89–109% in the normal weight group to 95%, IQR 85–105% in the obese weight group). We further found a negative association between physical activity and lung function among those with low and high levels of physical activity (% predicted FEV1 97%, IQR 86–107% versus 103%, IQR 94–113%, respectively and % predicted FVC 96%, IQR 85–106% versus 103%, IQR 94–113%, respectively). All results remained when calculated by z-scores.ConclusionsThe association between BMI and lung function is dependent on the presence of central obesity. Independent of obesity, there is an association between physical activity and lung function.

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Twenty-year time trends in hypertension prevalence in Yi people of China: three successive cross-sectional studies, 1996–2015

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022714 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. e022714 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jia Zhang ◽

Shaoping Wan ◽

Biao Zhang ◽

Fen Dong ◽

Li Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertension Prevalence ◽

The Past ◽

Female Farmers ◽

The Difference

ObjectiveTo explore the trend of hypertension prevalence and related factors in Yi people from 1996 to 2015.MethodsThree successive cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in 1996, 2007 and 2015, respectively. A total of 8448 participants aged 20–80 years (5040 Yi farmers, 3408 Yi migrants) were included in final analysis.ResultsOverall, the age-standardised prevalence of hypertension in migrants was significantly higher than in farmers. Furthermore, the age-standardised prevalence rates increased from 10.1% to 15.3% to 19.6% in Yi migrants and from 4.0% to 6.3% to 13.1% in Yi farmers during 1996 to 2007 to 2015. The highest 2015-to-1996 ratio of age-standardised hypertension prevalence was in male farmers (ratio=4.30), whereas despite the highest prevalence of hypertension, the equivalent figure in male migrants was 1.57. The older age, overweight and obesity were persistent risk factors of hypertension in three periods. After adjusted for age and body mass index, the difference of hypertension prevalence between 1996 and 2015 then vanished in male migrants (OR=1.335; 95% CI: 0.884 to 2.015) and female farmers (OR=1.267; 95% CI: 0.590 to 2.719). The disparities of hypertension prevalence between Yi migrants and farmers were not statistically significant in all subgroups when adjusted for age, body mass index and education.ConclusionsOver the past two decades, the hypertension prevalence in Yi people has significantly increased. Yi migrants were more likely to be hypertensive than Yi farmers which was predominantly driven by the discrepancy of body mass index between them.

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Sex Differences in the Influence of Sleep on Body Mass Index and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Adults

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8040561 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 561

Author(s):

Hyun-E Yeom ◽

Jungmin Lee

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Aged People ◽

Middle Aged Adults ◽

The Impact

Poor sleep and obesity are intimately related to cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to examine whether the influence of sleep and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) differed by sex in middle-aged people. It is a cross-sectional study of 458 Korean participants who completed self-administered surveys; the data were analyzed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. We found that both sleep and BMI were significant predictors of MetS risk in women, particularly by the role of BMI connecting the impact of sleep to MetS risk. However, the association was not found in men, showing that BMI, but not sleep, was a significant predictor of MetS. This sex-related difference was due to different relationships between sleep and BMI, indicating that BMI was more dependent on sleep quality for women than for men. Therefore, a sex-specific approach to decrease the risk of MetS is warranted.

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