Analysis on the Changes in the Relationship between Flood and Landslide Risk, Housing Development, Housing Choice, and Net-Migration in the small cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 929-935
Author(s):  
Jun Sakamoto ◽  
Shinshi Saeki
2020 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 04027
Author(s):  
Yubin Zhang

This paper introduces the inducing factors of landslide disaster and the terrain characteristics of landslide. The characteristics of landslides in southern and Western China are mainly introduced. The influence of vegetation covered slope soil on rainwater infiltration was studied. By analyzing the relationship between soil porosity and soil permeability, it can be used as a basis for assessing landslide risk. At the same time, the concept of soil and water cycle was introduced in combination with induced factors. These studies are of great significance for improving the accuracy of landslide warning in the future.


1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermanus S. Geyer ◽  
Thomas Kontuly

This paper develops a theoretical foundation for the notion of differential urbanization, in which groups of large, intermediate-sized, and small cities go through successive periods of fast and slow growth in a continuum of development that spans the evolution of urban systems in developed and less developed countries. A model depicting net migration patterns over time for major metropolitan, intermediate-sized, and small urban areas identifies six stages of differential urbanization. Data from three countries that span the development spectrum are used to test the accuracy of this model. A distinction between mainstream and substream migration flows provides an indicator of the concurrent concentration and deconcentration forces shaping urban systems. Counterurbanization represents the final phase in the first cycle of urban development, and is followed by a second cycle in which urbanization and spatial concentration dominate once again. At advanced levels of urbanization, the model can be used to characterize the degree of development within regions or subregions of a country. Also, precise definitions are suggested for the “clean break,” the end of urbanization, and the beginnings and ends of polarization reversal and counterurbanization.


2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Papathoma-Köhle ◽  
B. Neuhäuser ◽  
K. Ratzinger ◽  
H. Wenzel ◽  
D. Dominey-Howes

Abstract. The assessment of the vulnerability of communities prone to landslide related disasters is a topic that is growing in importance. Few studies discuss this issue and limited research has been carried out on the relationship between types of landslide and their potential impact on buildings and infrastructure. We outline a framework to undertake an assessment of the vulnerability of buildings to landslide utilising a similar framework used for assessing the vulnerability of buildings to tsunami damage. The framework is based on the development of an "elements at risk database" that takes into consideration the characteristics and use of the buildings, their importance for the local economy and the characteristics of the inhabitants (population density, age and so forth). The attributes that affect vulnerability are imported and examined within a GIS database which is used to visualise the physical, human and economic vulnerability. The results may have important implications for disaster management and emergency planning, and the database can be used by various end-users and stakeholders such as insurance companies, local authorities and the emergency services. The approach presented here can be integrated in to a wider more detailed "Framework for Landslide Risk and Vulnerability Assessment for Communities". We illustrate the potential of this framework and present preliminary results from Lichtenstein, Baden Württemberg, Germany.


2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith Wambui Kanjumba ◽  
Amos Njuguna ◽  
George Achoki

Housing plays a very important role in the social economic development of any nation. One set of factors that impacts on the funding of the supply-side of housing are economic factors comprising market forces, cost of inputs, the macro economy and the cost of funding. This paper sets to establish the relationship between economic factors and funding of the supply-side of housing in Kenya and also the effect of the major stakeholders on such a relationship if it exists. Using an explanatory form of approach in research design a survey was conducted where primary data was collected by self-administered questionnaires from a random sample of 212 branches in Nairobi of financial institutions drawn from a population of 43 commercial banks, 9 deposit-taking MFIs and three major financiers of housing development. Factor analysis, correlation analysis and ordinal logit regression were used to determine the relationship between funding of housing and economic factors. Results indicated a negative relationship between economic factors and funding of housing development. It was also established that there exists a positive moderating effect of stakeholders on the relationship between economic factors and funding of housing development. The implication being the government and policy makers should ensure that interest rates and inflation rates are kept at a level that will encourage investments in housing, with the government acting then more as an enabler.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Meng Xu

<p>New-type urbanization is a coordinated development of large, medium and small cities, small towns, and new rural communities. Strengthening rural social management is an important link in promoting the new urbanization process. This article makes an objective analysis of the relationship between rural rejuvenation and new urbanization, national policies conducive to rural development, and challenges and countermeasures in rural social management.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Dartel Ferrari Lima ◽  
Lohran Anguera Lima ◽  
Bruno Henrique Hoffmann ◽  
Rafael Eduardo Strey ◽  
Maria das Graças Anguera

OBJETIVO: Identificar comportamento de acesso de usuários a espaços públicos para a prática de atividade física recreativa (AF), considerando o distanciamento das moradias às instalações, bem como, a descrição da prática de diferentes tipos de AF sediados por esses espaços, em particular, a caminhada e a corrida. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, reuniu dados transversais de investigações que exploraram, com metodologia semelhante, aspectos relacionados à acessibilidade às instalações públicas apropriadas para a prática de AF, em municípios de pequeno e médio porte situados na região Oeste do Estado do Paraná (Brasil). RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 98 participantes de ambos os sexos; a caminhada foi a opção de 50% dos entrevistados; 65% se deslocavam ativamente aos locais de atividade, sendo que três de cada quatro usuários se deslocavam a pé; o acesso às instalações foi predominantemente passivo para os usuários que residiam a 2 km ou mais de distância, e 80% dos entrevistados informaram residir até 2 km de distância das instalações. CONCLUSÃO: A falta de percepção de potencialidade de espaços possíveis para a prática de AF pode constituir um obstáculo para a adesão. Esta abordagem realça a importância da contextualização territorial dos espaços, dado que a relação entre a AF e o espaço urbano não se confina apenas aos locais especialmente destinados à prática de AF, mas também à sua acessibilidade. ABSTRACT. The practice of physical activity mediated by the geographical environment: accessibility barriers. OBJECTIVE: Identifying access characteristics of users to public spaces for the practice of physical activity (PA), as well as to describe the different types of PA located in these spaces, in particular, walking and running, considering the location and accessibility to the facilities. METHODS: A descriptive study which gathered cross-sectional research data that explored, with the same methodology, aspects related to accessibility to public facilities appropriate to the practice of PA, in medium and small cities located in the West of Paraná (Brazil). RESULTS: Ninety-eight participants of both genders were interviewed; the walk was the option of 50% of the interviewees; 65% were active moving to the activity places, 76% of whom did it on foot; the access to the facilities was predominantly passive for residents 2 km or more away, and 80% of respondents were residing up to 2 km away from the facilities. CONCLUSION: The lack of perception of the potentiality of possible spaces for the practice of PA constitutes an obstacle to the adhesion to recreational PA. This approach emphasizes the importance of the spaces’ territorial contextualization, once the relationship between PA and urban space is not restricted to the sites specifically directed to the practice of PA, but also to its accessibility.


2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Dzienis

Abstract This paper provides data-based analyses of recent interregional migration considering the examples of Japan and Poland. The analyses are conducted against the background of the general demographic and economic situations of both countries, in particular, regional disparities and economic growth. They aim at describing migrants’ behavior in Japan and Poland through a model consistent with the New Economic Geography (NEG) theory. Inspired by the model originally proposed by, the study constructs a migration model coherent with the NEG framework and tests the behavioral hypothesis. Interestingly, in both Japan and Poland, migrant behavior is responsive to stimuli stemming from the two following mechanisms: the relationship between the level of income inequalities and net migration toward capital regions; and similarly, the relationship between income inequalities movement and gross domestic product growth rate.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.4) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Francesco Alberti ◽  
Raffaele Paloscia

The upgrading of riverfronts is a theme that has long played a central role in the renewal programs of large, medium and small cities throughout Europe. The case study presented in this paper is Florence, whose Roman origins and development, from the Middle Ages to today, are closely linked to the Arno River, which runs from east to west. After briefly reviewing some salient moments in the history of the relationship between the city and the river, the paper illustrates some research and projects carried out within the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence, focused on the role that Arno can still play in the future of the Florentine metropolitan area, as a catalyst for interventions aimed at improving urban sustainability, livability and resilience to climate change.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1329) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Mariya Pominova ◽  
◽  
Todd Gabe ◽  
Andrew Crawley ◽  
◽  
...  

This paper examines the use of location quotients, a measure of regional business activity relative to the national benchmark, as an indicator of sectoral agglomeration in small cities and towns, and as a measure of industry specialization that might impact the number of new business startups in these places. Using establishment-level data on businesses located in Maine, our findings suggest that the addition of one "hypothetical" establishment in very small towns leads to a dramatic change in the magnitude of the region-industry location quotient. At population sizes of about 4,100 or more people, however, location quotients are reasonably stable. Regression results from an analysis of the relationship between new business activity and regional industry specialization show that the effect of location quotients on business startups switches from "inelastic" to "elastic" at a population size cutoff of about 2,600 residents. Overall, our findings suggest that researchers and practitioners should exercise caution when using location quotients to study small regions.


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