scholarly journals Effectiveness of a school-based program focusing on diet and health habits taught through physical exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pablos ◽  
Vicente Nebot ◽  
Vicente Vañó-Vicent ◽  
Diego Ceca ◽  
Laura Elvira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Impact

The global rate of obesity in childhood is becoming an epidemic and many authors have established a significant association between childhood obesity and overweight in adulthood. It is therefore necessary to seek effective strategies to reduce these levels of obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Healthy Habits Program (HHP). The participants comprised 158 children from the fifth and sixth grades (intervention group, n = 82; control group, n = 76). The HHP is a school-based physical activity program focusing on promoting a healthy lifestyle. It lasted for 8 months, and measurements were taken at the beginning and end of the program. Physiological variables (total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, blood pressure, and maximal oxygen consumption), anthropometric variables (body mass index (BMI)) and behavioral variables (breakfast, quality of diet, meal frequency, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and perceived health) were evaluated. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed significant improvements (p < 0.05) after the intervention for the intervention group in triglycerides, blood glucose and maximal oxygen consumption. Significant improvements were also observed in breakfast habits and quality of diet. Finally, a significant improvement in prevalence of normal levels was observed for total cholesterol, blood pressure, and BMI. It can therefore be stated that the HHP is an innovative and useful school-based program that can help to improve diet and health in childhood.

scholarly journals Cortisol, blood pressure, and heart rate responses to food intake were independent of physical fitness levels in women

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1186-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisitha U. Jayasinghe ◽  
Susan J. Torres ◽  
Steve F. Fraser ◽  
Anne I. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Fitness Levels

This research tested the hypothesis that women who had higher levels of physical fitness will have lower hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis (cortisol) and sympatho-adrenal medullary system (blood pressure and heart rate) responses to food intake compared with women who had low levels of physical fitness. Lower fitness (n = 22; maximal oxygen consumption = 27.4 ± 1.0 mL∙kg−1·min−1) and higher fitness (n = 22; maximal oxygen consumption = 41.9 ± 1.6 mL∙kg−1·min−1) women (aged 30–50 years; in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle) who participated in levels of physical activity that met (lower fitness = 2.7 ± 0.5 h/week) or considerably exceeded (higher fitness = 7.1 ± 1.4 h/week) physical activity guidelines made their own lunch using standardised ingredients at 1200 h. Concentrations of cortisol were measured in blood samples collected every 15 min from 1145–1400 h. Blood pressures and heart rate were also measured every 15 min between 1145 h and 1400 h. The meal consumed by the participants consisted of 20% protein, 61% carbohydrates, and 19% fat. There was a significant overall response to lunch in all of the parameters measured (time effect for all, p < 0.01). The cortisol response to lunch was not significantly different between the groups (time × treatment, p = 0.882). Overall, both groups showed the same pattern of cortisol secretion (treatment p = 0.839). Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, or heart rate responses (time × treatment, p = 0.726, 0.898, 0.713, and 0.620, respectively) were also similar between higher and lower fitness women. Results suggest that the physiological response to food intake in women is quite resistant to modification by elevated physical fitness levels.

scholarly journals Comparison of two school-based programmes for health behaviour change: the Belo Horizonte Heart Study randomized trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1195-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robespierre QC Ribeiro ◽  
Luciana Alves
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of two school-based programmes to promote students’ willingness to engage in lifestyle changes related to eating habits and physical activity behaviours.DesignElementary school-based health promotion intervention, designed as a multicomponent experimental study, based on a behavioural epidemiological model.SettingNine intervention and eight comparative public and private elementary schools.SubjectsThe goal was to determine the impact on the longitudinally assessed outcomes of two programmes that addressed healthy nutrition and active living in a cohort of 2038 children. The evaluations used pre-intervention and follow-up student surveys that were based on the Transtheoretical Model of the stages of behaviour change.ResultsIn the intervention group, there were significant (P < 0·001) differences between the pre- and post-intervention times in the stages of change, with a reduction in the percentage of children at the pre-contemplation and contemplation stages and increased percentages at the preparation, action and maintenance stages, leading to healthier behaviours in fatty food consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity and time spent in sedentary activities. The determinants of the behaviour stage were the intervention programme, the type of school and the presence of motivated teachers. The comparison group did not show significant differences between the pre- and post-intervention times for any of the stages of behaviour.ConclusionsThe intervention programme encouraged the students to make healthy lifestyle choices related to eating habits and physical activity behaviours.

scholarly journals Sprint Interval Training and the School Curriculum: Benefits Upon Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity Profiles, and Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles of Healthy Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhona Martin-Smith ◽  
Duncan S. Buchan ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
Mhairi J. Macdonald ◽  
Nicholas F. Sculthorpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Impact

Background:This study examined the impact of a 4-week school-based sprint interval training program on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), daily physical activity (PA) behavior, and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) outcomes in adolescents.Methods:A total of 56 adolescents (22 females) were allocated to either an intervention (n = 22; 17.0 [0.3] y) or control group (n = 30; 16.8 [0.5] y). Intervention group performed 5 to 6, 30 second “all out” running sprints, interspersed with 30-second rest intervals, 3 times per week, for 4 consecutive weeks, whereas control group performed their normal physical education lessons. CRF was estimated from the 20-m multistage fitness test and PA behavior was determined using accelerometry. Fasting blood samples were obtained to measure biochemical markers of CMR.Results:Significant group × time interactions were observed for CRF (5.03 [1.66 to 8.40];P < .001;d = 0.95), sedentary time (136.15 [91.91 to 180.39];P = .004;d = 1.8), moderate PA (57.20 [32.17 to 82.23];P < .001;d = 1.5), vigorous PA (5.40 [4.22 to 6.57];P < .001;d = 1.2), fasting insulin (0.37 [−0.48 to 1.21];P = .01;d = 1.0), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (0.26 [0.15 to 0.42];P < .001;d = 0.9), and clustered CMR score (0.22 [−0.05 to 0.68];P < .001;d = 10.63).Conclusion:Findings of this study indicate that 4 weeks of school-based sprint interval training improves CRF, improves PA profiles, and maintains CMR in adolescents during the school term.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE NUTRITION SITUATIONS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES OF ACADEMICIANS ON ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AND BLOOD PARAMETERS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nildem KIZILASLAN
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: This study was planned and carried out to determine the influence of nutrition situations and physical activity levels of individuals working as academicians at the university on their anthropometric measurements, blood glucose, and blood lipid. Materials and Methods: 47 volunteers participated in the research, and their height, waist circumference (WC), and weight was measured. The blood samples of the volunteers was taken after 12 hours of fasting, their preprandial blood glucose (PrBG), postprandial blood glucose (PoBG), total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels were measured. Nutritional consumption measurements were taken with 24-hour recall method, and, after having the volunteer subjects make nutritional changes, daily consumption quantities were determined. Results: The body mass index (BMI) was 24.34±4.73kg/m2 in the women and 27.90±3.97 kg/m2 in men. The mean WC was 84.15±15.89 cm for women and 98.18±10.89 for men. A statistically significant difference was found between the BMI of the women and their WC, total cholesterol level, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride averages. According to the BMI of the men, a statistically significant difference was found with their WC, PoBG, and triglyceride averages. In both women and men, it was observed that as their physical activity increased, their levels of BMI, WC, PoBG level, and triglyceride level were reduced. Conclusions: We conclude from this study that academicians who are overweight and who suffer from impaired glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia have balanced nutrition and to do physical activities to become healthy.

scholarly journals Effect of Comprehensive Interventions Including Nutrition Education and Physical Activity on High Blood Pressure among Children: Evidence from School-Based Cluster Randomized Control Trial in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8944
Author(s):  
Haiquan Xu ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Xianwen Shang ◽  
Songming Du ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Based ◽  
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Childhood hypertension has increasingly become a public health problem globally. However, limited literature research examined the effect of comprehensive interventions including nutrition education and physical activity on blood pressure among children. A total of 6764 children aged 7–13 years were analyzed based on a multicenter randomized controlled trial for comprehensive interventions in 30 primary schools in China to evaluate the effects on blood pressure, which lasted for two semesters. The standards used for the diagnosis of high blood pressure were the cut-off points based on age and sex for Chinese children. Compared with the control group, the intervention effects were −0.5 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI): −1.1, 0; p = 0.064) for diastolic blood pressure and −0.9 mmHg (95% CI: −1.5, −0.3; p = 0.005) for systolic blood pressure. For the incidence of high blood pressure, the changes were −1.4% in the intervention group and 0.4% in the control group (1.8% difference between the two groups, p = 0.015) after trial. The school-based comprehensive interventions appeared to have moderate effects on high blood pressure prevention among children in China.

Effects of wearable technology on patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjun Wu ◽  
Nicholas Buys ◽  
Guandong Xu ◽  
Jing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wearable Technologies ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Hba1c Levels

UNSTRUCTURED Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of wearable technologies on HbA1c, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and fastening blood glucose (FBG) in patients with diabetes. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, the Cochrane database, and the Chinese CNKI database from last 15 years until August 2021. The quality of the 16 included studies was assessed using the PEDro scale, and random effect models were used to estimate outcomes, with I2 used for heterogeneity testing. Results: A significant reduction in HbA1c (-0.475% [95% CI -0.692 to -0.257, P<0.001]) was found following telemonitoring. However, the results of the meta-analysis did not show significant changes in blood pressure, BMI, and glucose, in the intervention group (P>0.05), although the effect size for systolic blood pressure (0.389) and diastolic blood pressure may indicate a significant effect. Subgroup analysis revealed statistically significant effects of wearable technologies on HbA1c when supported by dietetic interventions (P<0.001), medication monitoring (P<0.001), and relapse prevention (P<0.001). Online messages and telephone interventions significantly affected HbA1c levels (P<0.001). Trials with additional online face-to-face interventions showed greater reductions in HbA1c levels. Remote interventions including dietetic advice (P<0.001), medication (P<0.001), and relapse prevention (P<0.001) during telemonitoring showed a significant effect on HbA1c, particularly in patients attending ten or more intervention sessions (P<0.001). Conclusion: Wearable technologies can improve diabetes management by simplifying self-monitoring, allowing patients to upload their live measurement results frequently and thereby improving the quality of telemedicine. Wearable technologies also facilitate remote medication management, dietetic interventions, and relapse prevention.

scholarly journals Physical activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis - an agile lifelong behaviour: a qualitative meta-synthesis

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001635
Author(s):  
Emma Swärdh ◽  
Christina Opava ◽  
Nina Brodin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Body Awareness ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered a cornerstone in the treatment. To highlight aspects involved in supporting a positive PA behaviour, it is important to understand the patients’ perceptions of the phenomenon.ObjectiveThe aim of this qualitative meta-synthesis was to explore and synthesise patient perceptions of PA in RA.MethodsA purposeful search was conducted across three online databases (PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science). The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised, and data were extracted and analysed using an interpretive inductive thematic synthesis.ResultsFifteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. PA was identified as an agile lifelong behaviour, with one main theme: The disease as a persistent catalyst for or against PA illustrating how the constant presence of the disease itself underlies the entire process of a life with or without regular PA. Seven subthemes: ‘considering aggravated symptoms’, ‘acknowledging the impact on health’, ‘becoming empowered and taking action’, ‘keeping informed to increase awareness’, ‘creating body awareness’, ‘dealing with social support’ and ‘feeling satisfied with circumstances and achievements’ were interpreted as facilitators and/or challenges.ConclusionThis synthesis has identified PA as an agile lifelong behaviour in which the disease pervades all aspects of an individuals’ perception of PA. Placed in a theoretical context, our findings outline a model for tailoring PA support to the drivers and determinants of a certain individual, which will improve clinical practice for the benefit of both health professionals and patients with RA.

scholarly journals Impact of simple, specific, verbal instructions on the quality of bowel preparation in hospitalized patients undergoing colonoscopy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. E378-E387
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Triantafyllou ◽  
Paraskevas Gkolfakis ◽  
Alexandros Skamnelos ◽  
Georgia Diamantopoulou ◽  
Athanasios Dagas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and study aims Bowel preparation for colonoscopy is frequently inadequate in hospitalized patients. We explored the impact of specific verbal instructions on the quality of inpatients bowel preparation and factors associated with preparation failure. Patients and methods Randomized (1:1), two strata (mobilized vs. bedridden; 3:2) trial of consecutive inpatients from four tertiary centers, who received either specific, verbal instructions or the standard of care (SOC) ward instructions about bowel preparation. The rate of adequate bowel preparation (Boston Bowel Preparation Score [BBPS] ≥ 6, no segment < 2) comprised the primary endpoint. Mean BBPS score, good (BBPS score ≥ 7, no segment score < 2) and excellent (BBPS = 9) were among secondary endpoints. Results We randomized 300 inpatients (180 mobile) aged 71.7 ± 15.1 years in the intervention (49.7 %) and SOC (50.3 %) groups, respectively. Overall, more patients in the intervention group achieved adequate bowel preparation, but this difference did not reach statistical significance neither in the intention-to-treat [90/149 (60.4 %) vs. 82/151 (54.3 %); P = 0.29] nor in the per-protocol analysis [90/129 (69.8 %) vs. 82/132 (62.1 %); P = 0.19]. Overall BBPS score did not differ statistical significantly in the two groups, but the provision of specific verbal instructions was associated with significant higher rates of good (58.1 % vs. 43.2 %; P = 0.02) and excellent (31.8 % vs. 16.7 %; P = 0.004) bowel preparation compared to the SOC group. Administration of same-day bowel preparation and patient American Society of Anesthesiologists score > 2 were identified as risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation. Conclusions Provision of specific verbal instructions did not increase the rate of adequate bowel preparation in a population of mobilized and bedridden hospitalized patients.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury (PASABI): A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Saleky García-Gómez ◽  
Javier Coterón ◽  
Juan José García-Hernández ◽  
Javier Pérez-Tejero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range

Background and objectives: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the first cause of disability and physical activity (PA) is a key element in functional recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the subacute and chronic phases. However, it is necessary to develop PA programs that respond to the heterogeneity and needs of this population. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a PA program on the HRQoL in this population. Materials and Methods: With regard to recruitment, after baseline evaluations, participants were assigned to either the intervention group (IG, n = 38) or the control group (CG, n = 35). Functional capacity, mood, quality of life and depression were measured pre- and post-intervention. The IG underwent the “Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury” (PASABI) program, which was designed to improve HRQoL (1-h sessions, two to four sessions/week for 18 weeks). The CG underwent a standard rehabilitation program without PA. Results: Results for the IG indicated significant differences and large effect sizes for the physical and mental dimensions of quality of life, as well as mood and functional capacity, indicating an increase in HRQoL. No significant differences were found for the CG across any variables. Conclusions: The PASABI program was feasible and beneficial for improving physiological and functionality variables in the IG. The wide range of the activities of the PASABI program allow its application to a large number of people with ABI, promoting health through PA, especially in the chronic phase.

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