THE OCCURRENCE OF FUSARIUM SPECIES IN CANADA: VI. TAXONOMY AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF FUSARIUM SPECIES ON PLANTS, INSECTS, AND FUNGI

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Botanical Varieties

The present investigation was commenced in 1932 and has been continued annually since that time with the object of determining the identity, host range, and geographic distribution of the Fusarium species in Canada. Approximately 9000 isolates of Fusarium were studied. These isolates were obtained from 173 species and botanical varieties of plants, 14 species of insects, and 4 of fungi. Of the various species and botanical varieties of plants from which isolates were obtained, 19 were cereals and grasses, 19 were vegetable crops, 15 were fruit crops, 13 were field crops, 52 were ornamental plants, 31 were trees and shrubs, and 24 were common weed plants. Less than 1% of the total isolates was obtained from insects and fungi. Although most of the isolates originated in Manitoba, some were obtained from each of the other provinces of Canada except Newfoundland.A total of 18 species, 3 varieties, and 18 formae of Fusarium, classified in nine sections of the genus, were identified among the isolates from plants, insects, and fungi. These species, varieties, and formae are: F. chlamydosporum Wr. & Rg., F. poae (Pk.) Wr., F. sporotrichioides Sherb. (section Sporotrichiella); F. arthrosporioides Sherb., F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. (Roseum); F. concolor Rg., F. semilectum Berk. & Rav. (Arthrosporiella); F. acuminatum (Ell. & Ev.) Wr., F. eauiseti (Cda.) Sacc. (Gibbosum); F. culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc, F. graminearum Schwabe, F. heterosporum Nees emend. Raillo, F. sambucinum Fuckel, F. samb. var. coeruleum Wr., F. samb. f. 6 Wr. (Discolor); F. moniliforme Sheld., F. moniliforme var. subglutinans Wr. & Rg. (Liseola); F. lateritium Nees (Lateritium); F. oxysporum Schl. emend. S. & H., F. oxysporum var. redolens (Wr.) Gordon, F. oxysporum f. betae (Stewart) S. & H., f. callistephi (Beach) S. & H., f. cepae (Hanz.) S. & H., f. conglutinans (Wr.) S. & H., f. dianthi (Prill. & Del.) S. & H., f. fabae Yu & Fang, f. gladioli (Massey) S. & H., f. lilii Imle, f. lini (Bolley) S. & H., f. lycopersici (Sacc.) S. & H., f. melonis S. & H., f. narcissi S. & H., f. pini (Hartig) S. & H., f. tuberosi S. & H. (Elegans); F. solani (Mart.) App. & Wr. emend. S. & H., F. solani f. eumartii (Carp.) S. & H., f. phaseoli (Burk.) S. & H., f. pisi (Jones) S. & H., F. coeruleum (Lib.) Sacc. (Martiella).F. chlamydosporum, F. heterosporum, F. moniliforme var. subglutinans, as well as 14 formae of F. oxysporum and 3 formae of F. solani, are reported to occur in Canada for the first time in this series of papers.The six species isolated most commonly, as indicated by the number of hosts from which they were obtained, are F. oxysporum, F. acuminatum, F. solani, F. equiseti, F. avenaceum, and F. poae.The conidia and chlamydospores of F. chlamydosporum and F. heterosporum are illustrated by drawings.

Five decades of research on phytoplasma-induced witches' broom diseases.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (002) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamran Hemmati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Broom Disease

Abstract Phytoplasmas, prokaryotic wall-less microorganisms, are important pathogens of several plant species in most parts of the world. Phytoplasmas have been reported associated with various symptoms on hundreds of plant species. Witches' broom disease (WBD) is one of the most common disease symptoms, which is caused by phytoplasma strains belonging to different phytoplasma groups. Symptoms of the disease differ from one host to the other as well as from one phytoplasma strain to the other. However, WBD symptoms are usually characterized by the production of a large number of small leaves, accompanied in some host plants by the production of several branches/shoots. Phytoplasma strains belonging to more than 13 groups and 39 subgroups have been reported associated with WBD in more than 116 plant species. Most of the phytoplasma strains causing WBD symptoms in plant species belong to the 16SrII and 16SrI groups, mainly 16SrII-D and 16SrI-B subgroups. The current review provides information on the different types of phytoplasma strains associated with WBD symptoms in ornamental plants, medicinal plants, forest trees, weeds, vegetable crops, field crops, and fruit trees. Emphasis is on WBD on acid limes, almonds, peanuts, jujube, and cassava that have resulted in significant economic losses in different countries. Description of the symptoms, phytoplasma groups, and management options is also provided for some of the diseases.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF NATIVE ORNAMENTAL RESOURCES IN MOUNT HUANGSHAN (EASTERN CHINA)

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 681b-681
Author(s):  
Shujun YU
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The author investigated, recorded, observed and analyzed the major wildflowers in Mount Huangshan---the natural and cultural heritages listed by the ESC0 of UN for the first time. On the basis of their desirable characteristics, more than 300 wild ornamental species are divided into 8 categories -–-historical old trees, rare and endangered species, evergreen ornamentals, blooming trees and shrubs, plants with colored foliage and fruit in fall, vines, herbaceous ornamentals and ground covers, and ornamental ferns. Mount Huangshan is one of the richest regions of native ornamentals in Eastern China and the most famous natural beauty in Pan-China. There are about 1500 wild landscape plants in and around it. Finally the paper puts forth some proposals and methods for introduction and utilization of wild ornamental plants. That is, investigation, classification,acclimatization and cultivation of them, and building a sort-out botanical garden for the germplasmic preservation and the flourishing landscape tourism.

scholarly journals Umbyquyra gen. nov., a new tarantula spider genus from the Neotropical region (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae), with a description of eight new species

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio De F. Gargiulo ◽  
Antonio Domingos Brescovit ◽  
Sylvia Marlene Lucas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
Common Area ◽  
First Time

Umbyquyra gen. nov., a new Theraphosinae genus with stridulatory bristles on the palpal trocanther of pedipalp trochanter and first leg, is proposed. The genus differs from the other genera with stridulatory bristles on the same segments, Acanthoscurria Ausserer, 1871, Cyrtopholis Simon, 1892, Longilyra Gabriel, 2014 and Nesipelma Schmidt & Kovarik, 1996, by having a palpal bulb with a very short and acuminate embolus and four short keels; separated tibial apophysis; and female spermathecae resembling those of Cyrtopholis, with two seminal receptacles with elongated ducts emerging from a common area. Cyrtopholis palmarum Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945 and C. schmidti Rudloff, 1996 from Brazil and Acanthoscurria acuminata Schmidt & Tesmoingt in Schmidt, 2005 from Bolivia are transferred to the new genus. The female of Umbyquyra palmarum (Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945) gen. et comb. nov. and the male of U. schmidti (Rudloff, 1996) gen. et comb. nov. are described for the first time. Cyrtopholis zorodes Mello-Leitão, 1923 is considered a junior synonym of Acanthoscurria gomesiana Mello-Leitão, 1923 and Cyrtopholis meridionalis (Keyserling, 1891) is considered a nomen dubium. Eight new species from Brazil are described: Umbyquyra paranaiba gen. et sp. nov., U. cuiaba gen. et sp. nov., U. araguaia gen. et sp. nov., U. sapezal gen. et sp. nov., U. belterra gen. et sp. nov., U. caxiuana gen. et sp. nov., U. tucurui gen. et sp. nov. and U. tapajos gen. et sp. nov. Data and maps on the geographic distribution are provided.

scholarly journals Comparison of a Vintage and a Recently Released Nematicide for the Control of Root-Knot Nematodes and Side Effects on Two Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1491
Author(s):  
Ioannis O. Giannakou ◽  
Stefanos Kamaras
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
First Time

Root-knot nematodes can cause tremendous losses in vegetable crops. Farmers usually rely on synthetic nematicides to protect their crops. Recently, newly released nematicides are giving farmers an alternative in chemical control for nematodes. In the present study, the efficacy of vintage nematicide was compared to that of a relatively new nematicide, fluopyram. The latter was always more effective in substantially lower concentrations than oxamyl. Fluopyram paralyzed more than 80% J2s after 24 h immersion at the concentration of 0.25 μL L−1, while the percentage was increased close to 100% after immersion for 48 and 96 h. Similar levels of dead J2s were observed after immersion of J2s in oxamyl at concentrations higher than 8 μL L−1 (24 and 48 h) or 4 μL L−1 (96 h). An evident decrease of egg differentiation was observed when fluopyram concentration was increased to 8 μL L−1, while no significant decrease in egg differentiation was recorded at any concentration of oxamyl. Egg hatching was decreased at concentrations of fluopyram higher than 4 μL L−1, while no reduction was observed even when the concentration of oxamyl was increased to 64 μL L−1. The efficacy of fluopyram in soil was superior compared to that of oxamyl. For the first time, the systemic action of fluopyram is recorded in trials with tomato plants. On the other hand, compared to oxamyl, fluopyram seems to be more toxic to non-target organisms such as the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora.

scholarly journals Transformation of Forest Vegetation after 40 Years of Protection in the Tomczyce Nature Reserve (Central Poland)

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 207-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Kiedrzyński ◽  
Katarzyna Zielińska ◽  
Paulina Grzelak
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regeneration Process ◽  
Expansion Planning ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The Tomczyce nature reserve is characterized by a degenerated forest vegetation. We assume that the regeneration process was possible to launch after the establishment of the nature reserve in 1968. The vegetation of the Tomczyce forest complex was characterized for the first time by Jakubowska-Gabara (1976) whose studies were taken as a basis of our research. The phytocenoses after 40. years of protection have a greater participation of species with higher trophic and moisture requirements. The regeneration process in communities with pine trees is caused by an expansion of broad-leaved trees and shrubs. Transformation of forest vegetation causes a decrease in cover of thermophilous and heliophilous species. On the other hand, species of oak-hornbeam forests as well as anthropophytes are in expansion. Planning of the protection activities in the nature reserve needs to include these dynamic tendencies of the vegetation.

Revision of the crab-spiders of the genus Runcinioides Mello-Leitão, 1929 (Araneae, Thomisidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4567 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
BÁRBARA T. FALEIRO ◽  
ADALBERTO J. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
The Other ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Crab Spiders

The genus Runcinioides is revised, including the redescription of R. argenteus Mello-Leitão, 1929 and R. litteratus (Piza, 1933). The male of R. litteratus is described and illustrated for the first time and Misumenops paranensis (Mello-Leitão, 1932) is here considered a junior synonym of R. argenteus. The known geographic distribution of both species is expanded with the inclusion of new occurrence data. Runcinioides pustulatus Mello-Leitão, 1929 and Runcinioides souzai Soares, 1942 are not related to the other species of the genus, and provisionally considered as incertae sedis.

scholarly journals First record of Heteropsylla tenuata from Argentina (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), and additional notes on other psyllid species

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (04) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Carla BALIOTTE ◽  
Daniel A. AQUINO ◽  
Juan P. BOUVET ◽  
Gimena DELLAPÉ
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
First Record ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Relevant Group ◽  
First Time

The Psyllidae family is the most diverse within Psylloidea, with more than 1,300 species worldwide. Some psyllid species are important pests mainly of fruit trees, forest and ornamental plants. Despite being an economically relevant group, there are few studies on its biology, geographic distribution, natural enemies or host plant associations for many Argentinean psyllid species. This work records one species from Argentina for the first time, extends the distribution of another two psyllid species and provides information on host plants.

scholarly journals Description of the female of Spodochlamys marahuaca Jameson & Ratcliffe, 2011 (Melolonthidae, Rutelinae, Anatistini) and additional records for the Brazilian species of the genus

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Matheus BENTO ◽  
Paschoal Coelho GROSSI
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
New Record ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brazilian Species ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT The previously unknown female of Spodochlamys marahuaca Jameson & Ratcliffe, 2011 is described and illustrated for the first time based on two specimens collected in the region of the Juruá River, Amazonas state, Brazil. The specimens constitute a new record for Brazil. The identification key for species of Spodochlamys is updated, as well as the geographic distribution of the other two Brazilian species, S. caesarea Burmeister and S. iheringi Ohaus.

scholarly journals Flora of Pernambuco, Brazil: Tabebuia alliance and tribe Jacarandeae (Bignoniaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swami Costa ◽  
Lúcia G. Lohmann ◽  
Maria Teresa Buril
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
New Records ◽  
The State ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Abstract: Bignoniaceae is a Pantropical plant family that includes 82 genera and 830 species of trees, lianas, and shrubs. The Tabebuia alliance (14 genera and 147 species) and tribe Jacarandeae (2 genera and 50 species) are both Neotropical and represent the largest clades of trees and shrubs in the family. Here, we present a taxonomic treatment for these two clades for the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Overall, we documented 23 species distributed in seven genera, i.e., Cybistax Mart. ex Meisn., Godmania Hemsl., Jacaranda Juss., Handroanthus Mattos, Sparattosperma Mart. ex Meisner, Tabebuia Gomes ex DC., and Zeyheria Mart. Six taxa are new records for the state, i.e., Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) Mart., Handroanthus capitatus (Bureau & K. Schum) Mattos, Handroanthus umbellatus (Sond.) Mattos, Jacaranda cuspidifolia Mart., Sparattosperma catingae A.H. Gentry, and Tabebuia stenocalyx Sprague & Stapf. Furthermore, S. catingae, previously thought to be endemic to the Caatinga of Bahia, was documented for the first time in the Atlantic Forest domain. We present identification keys and taxonomic descriptions for all genera and species, as well as provide illustrations and information on the geographic distribution, habitat, and phenology for all species.

scholarly journals CHRYSOGORGIIDAE (OCTOCORALLIA) RECOLECTADOS DURANTE LAS EXPEDICIONES MACROFAUNA I Y II EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Chacón Gómez ◽  
Nadiezhda Santodomingo ◽  
Javier Reyes ◽  
Camilo Ernesto Andrade Sossa
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Interesting Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
First Time

Four samples of octocorals in the family Chrysogorgiidae are described (Chrysogorgia desbonni, C. elegans and C. thyrsiformis and Trichogorgia lyra), collected in the Colombian Caribbean during the explorations INVEMAR–Macrofauna I and II. The three Chrysogorgia species were found between depths of 160 and 516 m, while T. lyra was collected in shallow waters between depths of 20 and 150 m, both bathymetric ranges which had not been widely studied in the country before, making this a particularly interesting study. Furthermore, nearly 50 species of various octocorals have been identified based on studies of this type. Chrysogorgia thyrsiformis is recorded for the first time for Colombian Caribbean. In the other hand, geographic distribution and bathymetric ranges are indicated for all these species in the Caribbean and particularly Colombia.

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