Performance and bone quality of broiler chicken fed a diet with reduced nonphytate phosphorus with bacterial phytases

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of hybrid phytase, alone or combined with carbohydrases, in poultry diets with nutritional reductions of calcium, available phosphorus, and metabolizable energy on the nutrient digestibility and bone quality of broiler chickens. A total of 1,875 broilers were distributed in five treatments in a completely randomized design, with 15 replicates of 25 chickens each. The treatments consisted of a positive control feed (T1) and of four negative controls (T2 to T5): T1, basal diet (BD) with corn and soybean; T2 and T3, BDs with reductions of 70 and 100 kcal kg-1 metabolizable energy, respectively, and both with reductions of 0.16% Ca and 0.15% available P; and T4 and T5, BDs with the same nutritional reductions, but supplemented with enzymes, i.e., T4 = T2 + 500 phytase units (FTU) per kilogram and T5 = T3 + 500 FTU kg-1 + 560 xylanase units (TXU) per kilogram + 250 glucanase units (TGU) per kilogram. The use of 500 FTU kg-1 hybrid phytase in pelleted corn-soybean meal diets allows a good digestive performance by broilers and replaces the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy at 70 kcal kg-1, as well as 0.16% Ca and 0.15% available P.

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Impact of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on bone quality in a murine model of bone metastases

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256076 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0256076

Author(s):

Soroush Ghomashchi ◽

Cari M. Whyne ◽

Tricia Chinnery ◽

Fayez Habach ◽

Margarete K. Akens

Keyword(s):

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

Bone Metastases ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Bone Quality ◽

Second Harmonic ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Skeletal Metastases ◽

The Impact ◽

Surrounding Bone

Thermal therapies such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are gaining widespread clinical adoption in the local treatment of skeletal metastases. RFA has been shown to successfully destroy tumor cells, yet the impact of RFA on the quality of the surrounding bone has not been well characterized. RFA treatment was performed on femora of rats with bone metastases (osteolytic and osteoblastic) and healthy age matched rats. Histopathology, second harmonic generation imaging and backscatter electron imaging were used to characterize changes in the structure, organic and mineral components of the bone after RFA. RFA treatment was shown to be effective in targeting tumor cells and promoting subsequent new bone formation without impacting the surrounding bone negatively. Mineralization profiles of metastatic models were significantly improved post-RFA treatment with respect to mineral content and homogeneity, suggesting a positive impact of RFA treatment on the quality of cancer involved bone. Evaluating the impact of RFA on bone quality is important in directing the growth of this minimally invasive therapeutic approach with respect to fracture risk assessment, patient selection, and multimodal treatment planning.

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Bone Quality of the Dento-Maxillofacial Complex and Osteoporosis. Opportunistic Radiographic Interpretation

10.5772/intechopen.96487 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Plauto Christopher Aranha Watanabe ◽

Giovani Antonio Rodrigues ◽

Marcelo Rodrigues Azenha ◽

Michel Campos Ribeiro ◽

Enéas de Almeida Souza Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Bone Quality ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Panoramic Radiography ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Radiographic Findings ◽

Radiographic Interpretation ◽

Auxiliary Mechanism

Research suggests the use of different indexes on panoramic radiography as a way to assess BMD and to be able to detect changes in bone metabolism before fractures occur. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to describe the use of these parameters as an auxiliary mechanism in the detection of low bone mineral density, as well as to characterize the radiographic findings of patients with osteoporosis.

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Influence of probiotic and prebiotic on meat quality of broiler chicken carcasses

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213204009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 04009

Author(s):

Irina Chervonova

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

First Grade ◽

Control Group ◽

Muscle Weight ◽

The Third ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Effect

The article presents the results of studying the impact of the spore-forming probiotic “Olin” and the prebiotic “Eсofiltrum” on the meat quality of broiler chicken carcasses of the Ross-308 cross. In the course of the research, it has been found that the inclusion of these preparations in the broiler diet has a positive effect on the studied indicators: the pre-slaughter weight increased by 4.3-5.7%, the weight of the gutted carcass by 4.6-6.2%, the muscle weight 4.8-6.5%, the weight of the loin muscles by 5.7-8.2%. The ratio of edible parts to inedible parts is 4.14 in the third experimental group, 4.08-in the second, and 4.04-in the control. Based on the results of the anatomical cutting of broiler carcasses and according to the fatness indicators the poultry carcasses of the third and second experimental groups, 87.5% and 87.2%, respectively, belong to the first grade, and the yield of the first grade carcasses is 86.2% in the control group. Meat products obtained from both the control poultry and the poultry of both experimental groups has no off-aroma odor and taste, the meat is juicy, tender and aromatic. The products obtained from broiler chickens, whose ration includes the probiotic “Olin” and the prebiotic “Ecofiltrum”, do not have any deviations from the established standards and norms. During the research, it has been found that the use of the studied drugs has a positive effect on the meat quality of poultry carcasses. However, broiler chickens receiving the probiotic “Olin” has more pronounced meat qualities.

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Limestone particle sizes and lighting regimens on egg and bone quality of laying hens

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2015000800010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (8) ◽

pp. 718-725 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Regina Patrícia de Souza Xavier ◽

Ednardo Rodrigues Freitas ◽

Nádia Melo Braz ◽

Nadja Naiara Pereira Farias ◽

Raffaella Castro Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Quality ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Artificial Light ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Haugh Unit

Abstract:The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of limestone particle sizes in the diet and of lighting regimes on the egg and bone quality and on the performance of commercial laying hens. Three hundred Hissex White layers, at 18 weeks of age, were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 5×2 factorial arrangement (coarse limestone in the diet at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%; with or without artificial light), with five replicates of six birds. No significant interaction was observed between particle sizes and lighting regime for the evaluated parameters. There was no significant effect of coarse limestone level in the diet on the performance and egg quality of hens; however, bone deformity (3.23 to 4.01 mm), strength (5.19 to 6.70 kgf cm-2), and mineral matter (51.09 to 59.61%) improved as the proportion of coarse limestone increased. For lighting regime, the treatment with artificial light yielded higher Haugh unit values (87.17 vs. 85.54) than that with natural light only. Greater limestone particles improve bone quality of laying hens, and the use of artificial light can benefit the albumen quality of the eggs.

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