Rheological Evaluation of Asphalt Cement Derived from Alberta Oil-sand Bitumen at Different Distillation Temperatures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nura Bala ◽  
Amirhossein Ghasemirad ◽  
Leila Hashemian
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Oil Sand ◽  
Asphalt Cement ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Oil Sands Bitumen ◽  
Performance Grading

In this study, high, intermediate and low temperature properties of two crude oil asphalts and three asphalts derived from Alberta oil sands bitumen distilled at temperatures of 400 °C, 430 °C and 460 °C were evaluated. High and intermediate temperature properties of the asphalt binders at different distillation temperatures were studied using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) through the performance grading (PG) tests. Low-temperature properties and performance grading were evaluated using a bending beam rheometer (BBR). The DSR high-temperature analysis indicated that oil sand bitumens distilled at high temperatures have significantly higher stiffness and more resistant to permanent deformation. BBR test results showed that irrespective of the asphalt source, oil sand bitumens distilled at lower temperatures are more resistant to cracking at low temperatures. The overall results indicate that oil sand bitumens are thus suitable to be used for both asphalt pavements requiring low and high-temperature resistance.

scholarly journals Effect of Recycled Shell Waste as a Modifier on the High- and Low-Temperature Rheological Properties of Asphalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10271
Author(s):  
Yuchen Guo ◽  
Xuancang Wang ◽  
Guanyu Ji ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Hao Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Temperature Performance

The deteriorating ecological environment and the concept of sustainable development have highlighted the importance of waste reuse. This article investigates the performance changes resulting from the incorporation of shellac into asphalt binders. Seashell powder-modified asphalt was prepared with 5%, 10%, and 15% admixture using the high-speed shear method. The microstructure of the seashell powder was observed by scanning electron microscope test (SEM); the physical-phase analysis of the seashell powder was carried out using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) test; the surface characteristics and pore structure of shellac were analyzed by the specific surface area Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test; and Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) qualitatively analyzed the composition and changes of functional groups of seashell powder-modified asphalt. The conventional performance index of seashell powder asphalt was analyzed by penetration, softening point, and ductility (5 °C) tests; the effect of seashell powder on asphalt binder was studied using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) at high and low temperatures, respectively. The results indicate the following: seashell powder is a coarse, porous, and angular CaCO3 bio-material; seashell powder and the asphalt binder represent a stable physical mixture of modified properties; seashell powder improves the consistency, hardness, and high-temperature performance of the asphalt binder but weakens the low-temperature performance of it; seashell powder enhances the elasticity, recovery performance, and permanent deformation resistance of asphalt binders and improves high-temperature rheological properties; finally, seashell powder has a minimal effect on the crack resistance of asphalt binders at very low temperatures. In summary, the use of waste seashells for recycling as bio-modifiers for asphalt binders is a practical approach.

Performance of Virginia’s Early Foamed Warm Mix Asphalt Mixtures

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (28) ◽  
pp. 178-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey D. Diefenderfer
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
High Dynamic ◽  
Repeated Load ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Virginia Department ◽  
Performance Grading ◽  
Air Void

The Virginia Department of Transportation began allowing the use of warm mix asphalt (WMA) in 2008. Although several WMA technologies were investigated prior to implementation, foamed WMA was not. This study evaluated the properties and performance of foamed WMA placed during the initial implementation of the technology to determine whether the technology had performed as expected. Six mixtures produced using plant foaming technologies and placed between 2008 and 2010 were identified and subjected to field coring and laboratory testing. Coring was performed in 2014, resulting in pavement ages from 4 to 6 years. Three comparable hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures were cored at 5 years for comparison. Cores were evaluated for air-void contents and permeability and were subjected to dynamic modulus, repeated load permanent deformation, and overlay testing. In addition, binder was extracted and recovered for performance grading. Similar properties were found for the WMA and HMA mixtures. One WMA mixture had high dynamic modulus and binder stiffness, but overlay testing did not indicate any tendency for premature cracking. All binders had aged between two and three performance grades above that specified at construction. WMA binders and one HMA binder aged two grades higher, and the remaining two HMA binders aged three grades higher, indicating a likely influence on aging of the reduced temperatures at which the early foamed mixtures were typically produced. Overall results indicated that foamed WMA and HMA mixtures should be expected to perform similarly.

A Comprehensive Treatise of the High Temperature Specification Parameter |G*|/(1-(1/tanδsinδ)) for Performance Grading of Asphalts

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aroon Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Comprehensive Treatise ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
Rutting Behavior ◽  
Performance Grading ◽  
Unrecovered Strain

Abstract The term |G*|/(1-(1/tanδ sinδ)) has been suggested as one of the best candidates for the replacement of the Super-pave specification parameter |G*|/sinδ, which has been found to be inadequate in rating polymer-modified binders for high temperature performance grading. This refinement of the Superpave specification parameter evolved through a theoretical derivation based on fundamental concepts. It was shown to be more sensitive to the variations in the phase angle δ than the original Superpave specification parameter. It thus described the unrecovered strain in the asphalt binders more accurately, and hence related to actual field performance data. This article provides a comprehensive treatise of the parameter |G*|/(1-(1/tanδ sinδ)) giving details of its derivation, salient features that are attributed to its success, comparison with actual field performance data for validation and a one-on-one comparison with the existing parameter |G*|/sinδ. It is shown that for all available field data, the parameter |G*|/(1-(1/tanδ sinδ)) does a better job in correlating with the rutting behavior than the parameter |G*|/sinδ for unmodified as well as modified asphalts. Since it is obtained in the same manner as the parameter |G*|/sinδ through the determination of |G*| and δ from a stress-controlled or strain-controlled dynamic shear rheometer, it means that no retraining of technicians and staff is required and implementation for the use of this parameter is immediate, thereby saving enormous amount of time and money. This parameter has the further advantage of being in a form easily adaptable to modeling, and thereby directly applicable for pavement design purposes.

A low-temperature hydrogen production process based on H2S splitting cycle for sustainable oil sands bitumen upgrading

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Annaïg Le Person ◽  
Xu Zhao ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Patricia Nuncio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Oil Sands Bitumen

A Study of Mass Transfer Around Oil Sand Fragments in High Temperature Atmospheres

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
M. A. Abdrabboh ◽  
G. A. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Simple Expression ◽  
Convective Mass Transfer ◽  
Oil Sand

An approximate approach was formulated to estimate the coefficient of convective mass transfer from small preshaped rectangular fragments of oil sands when subjected to hot streams of products of combustion of lean mixtures to hydrogen in air at low Reynolds number and at temperatures up to 1000 K. A simple expression which was derived to correlate the mass transfer coefficient in terms of the connective stream temperature was shown to fit the experimental data well.

PBMR as an Ideal Heat Source for High-Temperature Process Heat Applications

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Correia ◽  
Renee´ Greyvenstein ◽  
Fred Silady ◽  
Scott Penfield
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Steam Methane ◽  
High Temperature Process ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Process Heat ◽  
Oil Sands Bitumen ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

The Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) is an advanced helium-cooled, graphite-moderated High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR). A 400 MWt PBMR Demonstration Power Plant (DPP) for the production of electricity is being developed in South Africa. This PBMR technology is also an ideal heat source for process heat applications, including Steam Methane Reforming, steam for Oil Sands bitumen recovery, Hydrogen Production and co-generation (process heat and/or electricity and/or process steam) for petrochemical industries. The cycle configuration used to transport the heat of the reactor to the process plant or to convert the reactor’s heat into electricity or steam directly influences the cycle efficiency and plant economics. The choice of cycle configuration depends on the process requirements and is influenced by practical considerations, component and material limitations, maintenance, controllability, safety, performance, risk and cost. This paper provides an overview of the use of a PBMR reactor for process applications and possible cycle configurations are presented for applications which require high temperature process heat and/or electricity.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation and Design of a High-Temperature, High-Pressure Fluid Transport Pipe

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5890
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Yoon ◽  
Junkyu Park ◽  
Jinhyoung Park
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Projectile Velocity ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Temperature High Pressure

When designing a hand caliber with a high-temperature, high-pressure internal fluid transport pipe, reliability, safe use, and performance must be considered. Reliability refers to the stress caused by thermo-mechanical load; safe use refers to the low-temperature burns that might occur upon contact, and high-temperature burns caused by gas leakage occurring in the cylinder gap; and performance refers to projectile velocity. In this study, numerical simulation methods for heat transfer, structure analysis, and gas leakage are proposed so that solutions can be designed to account for the above three criteria. Furthermore, a hand-caliber design guide is presented. For heat transfer and structural analysis, mesh size, the transient convective heat transfer coefficient, and boundary conditions are described. Regarding gas leakage, methods reflecting projectile motion and determination of the molecular weight of the propellant are described. As a result, a designed hand caliber will have a high reliability, because the thermo-mechanical stress is lower than the yield stress. There will be little risk of low-temperature burns, but there will be a high temperature-burn risk, owing to gas leakage in the cylinder gap. The larger the cylinder-gap size, the greater the gas leakage and the smaller projectile velocity. The presented numerical simulation method can be applied to evaluate various aspects of other structures that require high-temperature, high-pressure fluid-transport pipes.

scholarly journals Preparation and Performance Analysis of High-Viscosity and Elastic Recovery Modified Asphalt Binder

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangchen Qu ◽  
Yingli Gao ◽  
Hui Yao ◽  
Dandan Cao ◽  
Ganpeng Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
And Performance

This study presented the preparation and performance of a kind of high viscosity and elastic recovery asphalt (HVERA) by using some modifiers. The performance of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), rock asphalt (RA), crumb rubber (CR), and stabilizing agent (SA) for different modifiers was investigated by conventional binder test. Effects of modifiers on the high- and low-temperature properties of HVERA were investigated. The dynamic viscosity (DV) test, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) analysis indicated that the high- and low-temperature rheological properties of asphalt were improved attribute to the addition of mixture of modifiers. Meanwhile, the short-term aging and long-term aging were simulated by rolling thin film oven (RTFO) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) tests. Furthermore, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements were conducted for obtaining the mechanism and microstructure distribution of the modified asphalt binders. From the test results in this study, it was evident that the addition of SBS, RA, CR, and SA into a neat asphalt binder could both significantly improve the viscosity of the binder at high temperature and lower the creep stiffness at low temperature, which was beneficial to better both high-temperature stability and low-temperature cracking resistance of asphalt pavements. It was proved that the high temperature grade of HVERA could be increased by increasing of RA and a proper percentage of modifiers could be improved by the low temperature grade of HVERA.

Engineering Properties of Asphalt Binders from Different Sources and Their Influence on Stiffness of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-405
Author(s):  
Alexandra Torres
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Stiffness Properties ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nominal Performance ◽  
Performance Grading ◽  
The Impact

The quality and quantity of asphalt binder are crucial for proper adhesion, cohesion, and performance of asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures. The current Superpave grading system for asphalt binders provides engineers with the high and low temperature ranges at which the asphalt binder should perform satisfactorily. The objectives of this study are to document the differences in the performance of different asphalt binders with the same nominal performance grade (PG) acquired from different refineries and to investigate the impact that binder properties may have on the stiffness of the AC mixes. To that end, five PG 64-22 and five PG 70-22 binders were studied. Each binder was graded twice, in the original state and extracted from the mix conditions. The conventional performance grading tests such as the bending beam rheometer, dynamic shear rheometer, pressure aging vessel, and rolling thin-film oven were conducted on all asphalt binders. Alternative binder parameters (e.g., parameter ΔTc, viscosity) that can potentially supplement the current PG system were measured and documented. The stiffness properties of the ten mixes as measured with the dynamic modulus tests were correlated with the measured binder properties. The asphalt binders with the same performance grades yielded different cracking, rutting, and stiffness properties, which may explain the differences in their performance when used to design AC mixes.

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