Implications of exotic Pinus radiata plantations for macrofungal diversity in the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve (northern Spain)

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sarrionandia ◽  
I. Olariaga ◽  
R. Picón ◽  
M. Duñabeitia ◽  
A. Robredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Northern Spain

To analyze the implications of exotic radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) plantations for macrofungal diversity, a comparative mycocoenological survey was conducted over three consecutive years in pine plantations and native oak forests (Quercus robur L.) in the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve. Macrofungal diversity was analyzed at species and community levels, and multivariate techniques were used to obtain insight into the fungal community in all functional groups. A total of 513 species was recorded, with ectomycorrhizal fungi being the most abundant, followed by the lignicolous saprotrophs. Measurements at both the overall level and the plot level showed that oak forests were richer in macrofungal species than pine plantations. The two ecosystems shared 107 species, but they possessed distinct species assemblages in all functional groups, as confirmed by PERMANOVA analysis. Although more abundant in oak stands, host-specific fungi were recorded in both ecosystems, revealing that exotic pine plantations can easily access fungal inocula from natural pine forests in the vicinity. However, even though the macrofungal richness in plantations is comparable with that in other native conifer forests in Europe, the community was made up of generalists, i.e., species that were not habitat specialists. In contrast, rarely reported, uncommon fungi were recorded in oak plots, revealing the importance of residual, native forest patches for fungal conservation.

scholarly journals Monitoring endophyte populations in pine plantations and native oak forests in Northern Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Martínez-Álvarez ◽  
S. Rodríguez-Ceinós ◽  
J. Martín-García ◽  
J. J. Diez
Keyword(s):  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Northern Spain

scholarly journals Social actors’ perceptions of wildlife: Insights for the conservation of species in Mediterranean protected areas

AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainara Cortés-Avizanda ◽  
Henrique M. Pereira ◽  
Ellen McKee ◽  
Olga Ceballos ◽  
Berta Martín-López
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Actor ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Steppe Species ◽  
Social Actors

Abstract In the current Anthropocene Era, with numerous escalating challenges for biodiversity conservation, the inclusion of the social dimension into management decisions regarding wildlife and protected areas is critical to their success. By conducting 354 questionnaires in a Mediterranean protected area (the Biosphere Reserve of Bardenas Reales, Northern Spain), we aim to determine sociodemographic factors influencing knowledge levels and perceptions of species and functional groups as, emblematic and threatened. We found that hunters and animal husbandry workers knew more species than other social actors. Additionally, the perception of functional groups as threatened or emblematic differed between social actor groups, with statistically significant associations between perceptions and the characteristics of respondents. Interestingly, we found that although elusive steppe species are globally considered as endangered, these species were the least known by all social actor groups and rarely perceived as emblematic. This research is a novel approach and provides a better understanding of how perceptions can facilitate conservation decisions, particularly regarding endangered species Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Intestinal Helminths in Wild Rodents from Native Forest and Exotic Pine Plantations (Pinus radiata) in Central Chile

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Maira Riquelme ◽  
Rodrigo Salgado ◽  
Javier A. Simonetti ◽  
Carlos Landaeta-Aqueveque ◽  
Fernando Fredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Native Forests

Native forests have been replaced by forestry plantations worldwide, impacting biodiversity. However, the effect of this anthropogenic land-use change on parasitism is poorly understood. One of the most important land-use change in Chile is the replacement of native forests by Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) plantations. In this study, we analyzed the parasitism (presence and prevalence) of intestinal helminths from fecal samples of wild rodents in three habitat types: native forests and adult and young pine plantations in central Chile. Small mammals were sampled seasonally for two years, and a total of 1091 fecal samples from seven small mammal species were analyzed using coprological analysis. We found several helminth families and genera, some of them potentially zoonotic. In addition, new rodent–parasite associations were reported for the first time. The overall helminth prevalence was 16.95%, and an effect of habitat type on prevalence was not observed. Other factors were more relevant for prevalence such rodent species for Hymenolepis sp. and season for Physaloptera sp. Our findings indicate that pine plantations do not increase helminth prevalence in rodents compared to native forests.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the physical and mechanical properties of wood using a novel organo-montmorillonite/hyperbranched polyacrylate emulsion

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Xu ◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Ling Long ◽  
Ru Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Wood Sample ◽  
Wood Cell Wall ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
Modified Wood

AbstractIn this work, a novel waterborne hyperbranched polyacrylate (HBPA) dispersed organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) emulsion was synthesized and used for the treatment of wood in a vacuum environment in order to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of the wood. The sapwood of Cathay poplar (Populus cathayana Rehd.) and Radiata pine (Pinus radiata D.Don) were used as the samples for experimentation. The results showed that the physical and mechanical properties of the wood improved significantly due to the successful penetration of the OMMT and HBPA into the wood cell wall. From it was also observed that OMET completely exfoliated from the HBPA matrix and formed a hydrophobic film covering on the inside walls of the cell lumen. Further, it was observed that the poplar sample displayed better mechanical properties than the pine sample because the pine has a more compact structure when compared to poplar and contains rosin. Furthermore, it was also observed that the mechanical properties of the modified wood sample gradually improved with an increase in the concentration of the emulsion. However, excessive concentration (>4 wt%) did not lead to further improvement.

scholarly journals Flora y Vegetación de las zonas núcleo de la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Cornejo-Tenorio ◽  
Alejandro Casas ◽  
Berenice Farfán ◽  
José Luis Villaseñor ◽  
Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
One Year

A study of the flora and vegetation physiognomy was conducted at the core zones of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, in the states of México and Michoacán. Collection of plant specimens was carried out du ring one year of field work and this activity was supplemented by a review of voucher specimens previously collected in the area and deposited at the Mexican herbaria IEB, EBUM, and MEXU. A total of 423 vascular plant species including 32 infraespecific taxa and grouped in 86 families and 244 genera were identified, Families with the largest species richness were Asteraceae (103), Lamiaceae (21), Fabaceae (17), and Scrophulariaceae (17).The most speciose genera were Salvia (13), Stevia (8), and Ageratina (7). Mexican endemic species comprised 135 (31.9%) species, which included 13 infrae spec ific taxa; 40 of these species belong to Asteraceae. Herbs were represented by 326 species, followed by shrubs (5 1) and trees (33). The main vegetation types recognized were coniferous forest (including combinations of fir, pine, and oak forests), cloud forest, anthropogenic grass land, and Quercus forest.

scholarly journals Monterey pine forest made a remarkable recovery from pitch canker

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Gordon Thomas R. ◽  
Reynolds Gregory J. ◽  
Kirkpatrick Sharon C. ◽  
Storer Andrew J. ◽  
Wood David L. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Pitch Canker ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Remarkable Recovery ◽  
Monterey Peninsula ◽  
Observation Period

Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) is a species of limited distribution, with three native populations in California. In 1986, a disease known as pitch canker, caused by the fungus Fusarium circinatum, was identified as the cause of extensive mortality in planted Monterey pines in Santa Cruz County. Monitoring studies on the Monterey Peninsula documented rapid progression of the disease in the native forest during the 1990s, with most trees sustaining some level of infection. However, between 1999 and 2013, the severity of pitch canker stabilized, with many previously diseased trees then free of symptoms, and plots monitored between 2011 and 2015 documented a steady decline in the occurrence of new infections. Consequently, whereas pitch canker was once a conspicuous visual blight in the forest, by the end of the observation period, symptomatic trees had become a rarity. The arrested development of pitch canker is suggestive of a reduction in the frequency and duration of fog near the coast, which provides conditions necessary for the pathogen to establish infections.

scholarly journals Seasonal Analysis of Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of Poneromorph Ant Assemblages in the Amazon Forest

Sociobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Priscila de Carvalho Pereira ◽  
Fábio Souto Almeida ◽  
André Barbosa Vargas ◽  
Marcel Santos de Araújo ◽  
Antônio José Mayhé-Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seasonal Analysis ◽  
Ant Diversity ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The present study aimed at assessing the effects of climate seasonality on poneromorph ants in the Brazilian Amazon, by studying variations in composition, richness, and taxonomic and functional diversity. The study was carried out in the Tapirapé-Aquiri National Forest, southeastern Pará State. We collected poneromorph ants in three areas of native forest with pitfall traps and sardine baits on the ground and vegetation, in two dry and rainy seasons. We collected 46 species of poneromorph ants, which belong to two subfamilies and eleven genera. The species composition, richness and taxonomic diversity did not vary significantly between seasons. There was no significant difference in the frequency of species of functional groups between dry and rainy seasons. There was no significant difference in the average richness and average diversity of functional groups between the dry and rainy seasons. In our study we found no seasonal differences in composition, taxonomic and functional richness and diversity of poneromorph ants in the Amazon, which is useful for future studies that aim at using those ants as bioindicators. In addition, the identification of the species made in the present study has special relevance as it contributes to advance the knowledge of poneromorph ant diversity in the Amazon.

Performance differences in Pinus radiata progeny with differing site nutrient availability

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2410-2423 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Carson ◽  
M F Skinner ◽  
A T Lowe ◽  
M O Kimberley
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Two intensive harvesting trials with contrasting nutrient capital were examined for genetic × environment interactions to age 5 years after planting. Treatments included differences in removal of organic matter and in site preparation and weed control, with each treatment having both fertilized and nonfertilized plots. Three harvest treatments (both fertilized and nonfertilized) were common to both sites, with two additional treatments at one site. There were four replicate plots of each treatment combination at each site, with two trees from each of three control seed lots and 47 open-pollinated families chosen to represent the range of performance for growth planted in each plot. Large differences among sites and among treatments in both growth and foliar nutrient concentration were observed. Genetic × site interactions and genetic × treatment within site interactions were seldom significant. Significant interactions did not appear to be related to changes in rankings of families, but rather to the differences in variance among families in different treatments. This study suggests that selection of specific radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) families for better growth performance on nutrient-deficient sites in New Zealand would not result in substantial improvement over selection for growth on all sites disregarding nutrient availability.

Effect of plantation clearcutting on carnivore presence in industrial forest landscapes in south-central Chile

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Sandra P. Escudero-Páez ◽  
Esteban Botero-Delgadillo ◽  
Cristián F. Estades
Keyword(s):  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Information on how wildlife is affected by pine plantation clearcutting is relevant for designing management strategies to promote biodiversity conservation in productive systems. By comparing the number of records of carnivores in a mosaic of pine plantations and native forest remnants before and after pine harvesting, we assessed the effect of plantation clearcutting on carnivore presence in ten sampling areas in Central Chile. We also included a number of covariates to account for their potential confounding effects, for example, the distance between each site and the nearesting human settlement and vegetation cover. A total of 10 species were observed, but no negative effect of clearcutting on carnivore presence was detected. Only the culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus) responded positively to the harvesting of pine plantations. The threatened kodkod (Leopardus guigna) was absent in clearcut areas and the number of records increased in forests or plantations with a dense understorey. The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) responded positively to human settlements and seems to prefer more open areas. The number of records for the Puma (Puma concolor) and the domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus) was too few, and hence, we could not make any inference regarding these two species. The other species recorded showed different responses to one or more of the included covariates. Although our results showed that the recording of some species could change in the short term after pine harvesting, future studies should assess the impact of clearcutting at a much higher scale, both in terms of space and time.

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