Petrogenesis of the Boundary intrusions in the Flin Flon area of Saskatchewan and Manitoba

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Syme ◽  
Richard W. Forester
Keyword(s):  
Basaltic Magma ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Olivine Gabbro ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Town ◽  
Felsic Rocks

The Aphebian Boundary intrusions are a group of lensoid, ultramafic to felsic rocks which occur in a N–NW trending zone 10 km long by 4 km wide centred on the town of Flin Flon. The intrusions were emplaced into Amisk metavolcanic rocks and Missi metasedimentary rocks. Field relationships, petrography, and chemical characteristics of the Boundary intrusions indicate that they are composed of three compositionally distinct, sequentially emplaced groups. From oldest to youngest, these are (1) a mafic augite- and biotite-bearing mela-dioritic group, (2) a felsic group ranging from leucodiorite to granodiorite, and (3) an olivine-bearing (wehrlite to olivine gabbro) group. The mafic group crystallized at relatively high [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], such that successive differentiates have increasing MgO/FeO ratios. Molar ratio diagrams clearly indicate that fractionation of augite, minor magnetite, and possibly subordinate olivine can account for the observed chemical variation of approximately 80% of this group, whereas the olivine-bearing group could only have formed by crystal fractionation of subequal amounts of olivine and clinopyroxene, and minor magnetite. The felsic group is chemically similar to the post-Missi granodioritic plutons and cannot represent SiO2-rich residual liquids produced solely by fractionation of augite and olivine from a basaltic magma.

scholarly journals Geochemical signatures of mineralizing events in the Juomasuo Au–Co deposit, Kuusamo belt, northeastern Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Vasilopoulos ◽  
Ferenc Molnár ◽  
Hugh O’Brien ◽  
Yann Lahaye ◽  
Marie Lefèbvre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Mineral Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractThe Juomasuo Au–Co deposit, currently classified as an orogenic gold deposit with atypical metal association, is located in the Paleoproterozoic Kuusamo belt in northeastern Finland. The volcano-sedimentary sequence that hosts the deposit was intensely altered, deformed, and metamorphosed to greenschist facies during the 1.93–1.76 Ga Svecofennian orogeny. In this study, we investigate the temporal relationship between Co and Au deposition and the relationship of metal enrichment with protolith composition and alteration mineralogy by utilizing lithogeochemical data and petrographic observations. We also investigate the nature of fluids involved in deposit formation based on sulfide trace element and sulfur isotope LA-ICP-MS data together with tourmaline mineral chemistry and boron isotopes. Classification of original protoliths was made on the basis of geochemically immobile elements; recognized lithologies are metasedimentary rocks, mafic, intermediate-composition, and felsic metavolcanic rocks, and an ultramafic sill. The composition of the host rocks does not control the type or intensity of mineralization. Sulfur isotope values (δ34S − 2.6 to + 7.1‰) and trace element data obtained for pyrite, chalcopyrite, and pyrrhotite indicate that the two geochemically distinct Au–Co and Co ore types formed from fluids of different compositions and origins. A reduced, metamorphic fluid was responsible for deposition of the pyrrhotite-dominant, Co-rich ore, whereas a relatively oxidized fluid deposited the pyrite-dominant Au–Co ore. The main alteration and mineralization stages at Juomasuo are as follows: (1) widespread albitization that predates both types of mineralization; (2) stage 1, Co-rich mineralization associated with chlorite (± biotite ± amphibole) alteration; (3) stage 2, Au–Co mineralization related to sericitization. Crystal-chemical compositions for tourmaline suggest the involvement of evaporite-related fluids in formation of the deposit; boron isotope data also allow for this conclusion. Results of our research indicate that the metal association in the Juomasuo Au–Co deposit was formed by spatially coincident and multiple hydrothermal processes.

Fractionation trends in the Bay of Islands ophiolite of Newfoundland: polycyclic cumulate sequences in ophiolites and their classification

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1156-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Church ◽  
L. Riccio
Keyword(s):  
Basaltic Magma ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Olivine Gabbro ◽  
Lower Velocity ◽  
Crystallization Sequence ◽  
Basaltic Rocks ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
High Velocity Layer ◽  
Velocity Layer ◽  
Temperature Crystallization

The fractionation range of the cumulate sequence of the allochthonous Bay of Islands ophiolite of the Western Platform of Newfoundland, measured in terms of the FeO(tolal)/MgO ratios of the liquids from which they were derived, encompasses entirely the range of known values exhibited by the overlying dikes and pillow lavas. Cryptic variations within the cumulate sequences are irregular, often inverse, and the crystallization sequences found in the cumulates suggest that they were formed from at least three different basaltic magma types, one of which is unusual in having given rise to co-existing highly aluminous clinopyroxenes and spinels. These features suggest that crystallization of the Bay of Islands plutonic rocks took place in an 'open system' magma chamber that was tapped repeatedly during fractionation to form dike rocks and lavas. Most of the cumulate rocks of the Bay of Islands ophiolite formed according to the crystallization sequence ol–cpx–(opx) or the sequence ol–plag–cpx–(opx). In contrast, the cumulate rocks of the Betts Cove ophiolite, located within the Fleur de Lys orthotectonic zone of the Newfoundland Appalachians, crystallized according to the sequences ol–opx–cpx and ol–cpx–plag. This difference in the nature of the cumulate sequences within the Bay of Islands and Betts Cove ophiolites is also reflected in the Ti characteristics of the basaltic rocks of the ophiolites, and in the morphology of the gabbroic units. Comparison with Mesozoic ophiolites suggests, as a general rule, that within ophiolite cumulate successions there is a tendency for ol–opx sequences to be followed by ol–cpx sequences, and for ol–cpx sequences to be followed by ol–plag sequences. Such a relationship may be related to processes involving remelting of lower-temperature crystallization products in a system open to either continuous or periodic additions of high temperature basaltic liquid. In terms of oceanic structures the Bay of Islands ophiolite corresponds to sonobouy model 2 of Christensen and Salisbury: the basal high velocity layer corresponding to the olivine-gabbro cumulate rocks, and the lower velocity 'gabbroic' layer to the upper part of the olivine-free cumulate sequence and overlying massive uralitized roof gabbro and dike rocks.

Rb–Sr study of metavolcanic rocks from the La Ronge and Flin Flon domains, northern Saskatchewan

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Watters ◽  
R. L. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Source Region ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Arcs ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Linear Evolution ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
Northern Saskatchewan ◽  
Archean Crust ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Lynn Lake

Two whole-rock suites of metavolcanic rocks from separate volcanic belts of the Churchill Province in northern Saskatchewan have been dated by Rb–Sr. Samples from the Amisk Group of the Flin Flon – Snow Lake domain provide an isochron date of 1784 ± 44 Ma; suites from the Waddy Lake and Devil Lake areas of the La Ronge (–Lynn Lake) domain yield isochron dates of 1814 ± 26 and 1854 ± 100 Ma, respectively. All are regarded as minima for, but close approximations to, emplacement ages. The maximum crustal age of any suite cannot greatly exceed 1850 Ma.Previous Rb–Sr and U–Pb isotopic dates together with these new determinations confirm the contemporaneous existence of two volcanic arcs, active during the late Aphebian (1875–1784 Ma) in the Churchill Province.Low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7017–0.7022) are consistent with a petrochemically inferred subduction-related origin for the volcanic rocks with no closed-system reworking of Archean crust, and a linear evolution of 87Sr/86Sr ratio in the magmatic-arc mantle source region from 4.55 Ga to the present.

Tectonic setting and regional correlation of Ordovician–Silurian rocks of the Aspy terrane, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1769-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Barr ◽  
Rebecca A. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Arc ◽  
Cape Breton Island ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
Cape Breton ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
High Grade Metamorphism ◽  
Arc Setting

Interlayered mafic and felsic metavolcanic rocks and metasedimentary rocks of Ordovician to Silurian age are characteristic of the Aspy terrane of northwestern Cape Breton Island. These rocks were affected by medium- to high-grade metamorphism and were intruded by synkinematic granitoid orthogneisses during Late Silurian to Early Devonian times. They were intruded by posttectonic Devonian granitic plutons and experienced rapid Devonian decompression and cooling. The chemical characteristics of the mafic metavolcanic rocks indicate that they are tholeiites formed in a volcanic-arc setting. The volcanic rocks of the Aspy terrane differ from many other Silurian and Silurian–Devonian successions in Atlantic Canada, which have chemical and stratigraphic characteristics of volcanic rocks formed in extensional within-plate settings, and are somewhat younger than the Aspy terrane sequences. Aspy terrane units are most similar to Ordovician–Silurian volcanic and metamorphic units in southwestern Newfoundland, including the La Poile Group and the Port aux Basques gneiss. Together with other occurrences of Late Ordovician to Early Silurian volcanic-arc units, they indicate that subduction-related compressional tectonics continued into the Silurian in parts of the northern Appalachian Orogen. The complex Late Silurian – Devonian tectonic history of the Aspy terrane may reflect collision with the southeastern edge of a Grenvillian crustal promentory.

Hydrothermal Melting of Shales

1961 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Wyllie ◽  
O. F. Tuttle
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Basaltic Magma ◽  
Liquidus Curve ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Granitic Magma ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Partial Fusion

AbstractPT curves for the beginning of melting of five analysed shales in the presence of water vapour under pressure are 20° C. to 40° C. higher than the corresponding curve for granite. About 150° C. above the beginning of melting, the shales are half-melted; this is higher than the liquidus curve of most granites. Refractive indices of the quenched liquids (1·495–1·505) indicate a granitic or granodioritic composition. Quartz, cordierite, mullite, hypersthene, anorthite, etc., are developed in the partially fused shales. Partial fusion of shales by a granitic magma, even if superheated, would produce a liquid no more basic than granodiorite. The chemical characteristics of the shales are compared with average igneous rocks, and there appears to be no possibility that fusion of shales could produce a basaltic magma. Complete fusion would produce a melt with composition distinct from normal igneous magmas.

Composition, age, and origin of granitoid rocks in the Davin Lake area, Rottenstone Domain, Trans-Hudson Orogen, northern Saskatchewan

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Barrie Clarke ◽  
Andrew S Henry ◽  
Mike A Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Granitoid Magmatism ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
Granitic Magmatism ◽  
Deformation Features ◽  
High Grade Metamorphism ◽  
Granitoid Rocks ◽  
Host Rocks

The Rottenstone Domain of the Trans-Hudson orogen is a 25-km-wide granitic–migmatitic belt lying between the La Ronge volcanic–plutonic island arc (1890–1830 Ma) to the southeast and the ensialic Wathaman Batholith (1855 Ma) to the northwest. The Rottenstone Domain consists of three lithotectonic belts parallel to the orogen: (i) southeast — gently folded migmatized quartzo-feldspathic metasedimentary and mafic metavolcanic rocks intruded by small concordant and discordant white tonalite–monzogranite bodies; (ii) central — intensely folded and migmatized metasedimentary rocks and minor metavolcanic rocks intruded by largely discordant, xenolith-rich, pink aplite-pegmatite monzogranite bodies; and (iii) northwest — steeply folded migmatized metasedimentary rocks cut by subvertical white tonalite–monzogranite sheets. Emplacement of granitoid rocks consists predominantly of contiguous, orogen-parallel, steeply dipping, syntectonic and post-tectonic sheets with prominent magmatic schlieren bands, overprinted by parallel solid-state deformation features. The white granitoid rocks have A/CNK (mol Al2O3/(mol CaO + Na2O + K2O)) = 1.14–1.22, K/Rb ≈ 500, ΣREE (sum of rare-earth elements) < 70 ppm, Eu/Eu* > 1, 87Sr/86Sri ≈ 0.7032, and εNdi ≈ –2. The pink monzogranites have A/CNK = 1.11–1.16, K/Rb ≈ 500, ΣREE > 90 ppm, Eu/Eu* < 1, 87Sr/86Sri ≈ 0.7031, and εNdi ≈ –2. The white granitoid rocks show a wider compositional range and more compositional scatter than the pink monzogranites, reflecting some combination of smaller volume melts, less homogenization, and less control by crystal–melt equilibria. All metavolcanic, metasedimentary, and granitic rocks in the Rottenstone Domain have the distinctive geochemical signatures of an arc environment. New sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U–Pb geochronology on the Rottenstone granitoid rocks reveals complex growth histories for monazite and zircon, variably controlled by inheritance, magmatism, and high-grade metamorphism. Monazite ages for the granitoid bodies and migmatites cluster at ~1834 and ~1814 Ma, whereas zircon ages range from ~2480 Ma (rare cores) to ~1900–1830 Ma (cores and mantles), but also ~1818–1814 Ma for low Th/U recrystallized rims, overgrowths, and rare discrete euhedral prisms. These results demonstrate that at least some source material for the granitic magmas included earliest Paleoproterozoic crust (Sask Craton?), or its derived sediments, and that Rottenstone granitic magmatism postdated plutonism in the bounding La Ronge Arc and Wathaman Batholith. We estimate the age of terminal metamorphism in the Davin Lake area to be ~1815 Ma. Petrogenetically, the Rottenstone migmatites and granitoid rocks appear, for the most part, locally derived from their metasedimentary and metavolcanic host rocks, shed from the La Ronge Arc, Sask Craton, and possibly the Hearne Craton. The Rottenstone Domain was the least competent member in the overthrust stack and probably underwent a combination of fluid-present melting and fluid-absent decompression melting, resulting in largely syntectonic granitoid magmatism ~1835–1815 Ma, analogous to granite production in the High Himalayan gneiss belt.

Ultramafic intrusions of the Abitibi area, Ontario

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. MacRae
Keyword(s):  
General Structure ◽  
Basaltic Magma ◽  
Tholeiitic Basalt ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
Original Order ◽  
Cyclic Unit ◽  
Petrology And Geochemistry ◽  
Group 2

A study has been made of the petrology and geochemistry of a 30-mile (48.3 km) segment of a belt of ultramafic-gabbroic igneous bodies extending past the south side of Lake Abitibi, Ontario. In general, the bodies are sill-like and are differentiated into major layers of peridotite, clinopyroxenite, and gabbro, the layers generally being in that stratigraphic order. In detail, the intrusions fall into four groups: (1) complex sills in which there is a cyclic repetition of layers; (2) simple differentiated sills showing only one sequence of the above rock layers; (3) bodies composed only of peridotite and dunite; and (4) bodies composed wholly of gabbroic rocks.One of the group (2) bodies has a chilled margin equivalent in composition to a tholeiitic basalt. The general structure of the intrusions and their petrographic and chemical features indicate that they are differentiated from basaltic magma by gravity-controlled fractionation. However, it appears that while solidifying, some of the intrusions were open to periodic addition or subtraction of magma. Thus, in the intrusions showing cyclic repetition of layers, it is apparent that the magma was altered prior to the formation of each cyclic unit such that the original order of mineral crystallization was repeated. For other intrusions, it can be inferred that large amounts of partly crystallized liquid were expelled such that each of these intrusions is now largely or wholly represented by ultramafic rocks. The bodies composed wholly of gabbro may be derived from the expelled magma.

scholarly journals Geoquímica do gabro coronítico de Amparo, RJ

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 44-67
Author(s):  
Isabel Pereira Ludka ◽  
Cristina Maria Wiedemann
Keyword(s):  
Major Elements ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Mobile Belt ◽  
Olivine Gabbro ◽  
Geochemical Analysis ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Tholeiitic Magma ◽  
Basic Rocks ◽  
The Town ◽  
Janeiro State

The aim of this paper is to present geochemical data and some petrological aspects of the Amparo gabbroic (hyperite) body, located approximately 30 km east of the town, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro State. Ten samples of these basic rocks were analysed for major, minor and trace elements, and three of these for REE. The data obtained reflect the limited mineralogical range. The contents of the major elements indicate a sub-alkalic tholeiitic magma, as shown by modal analysis, which classified these rocks as an olivine gabbro. Geochemical analysis of the minor, trace and rare-earth elements shows abnormal incompatible enrichment, such as the high LREE, Ba and Sr contents. Similar results for other basic and ultrabasic intrusions are common in this portion of the Ribeira Mobile Belt.

U–Pb zircon ages of volcanism and plutonism in the Mishibishu greenstone belt near Wawa, Ontario

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Turek ◽  
R. Keller ◽  
W. R. Van Schmus
Keyword(s):  
Greenstone Belt ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Superior Province ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Pile ◽  
Archean Greenstone Belt

The Mishibishu greenstone belt, located 40 km west of Wawa, is a typical Archean greenstone belt and is probably an extension of the Michipicoten belt. This belt is composed of basic to felsic metavolcanic rocks of tholeiitic to calc-alkaline affinity and of metasedimentary rocks ranging from conglomerate to argillite. Granitoids, diorites, and gabbros intrude and embay supracrustal rocks as internal and external plutons.Six U–Pb zircon ages have been obtained on rocks in this area. The oldest is 2721 ± 4 Ma for the Jostle Lake tonalite. The bulk of the volcanic rocks formed by 2696 ± 17 Ma, which is the age of the Chimney Point porphyry at the top of the volcanic pile. The Pilot Harbour granite has a similar age of 2693 ± 7 Ma. The age of the Tee Lake tonalite is 2673 ± 12 Ma, and the age of the Iron. Lake gabbro is 2671 ± 4 Ma. The youngest age for volcanics in this part of the Superior Province is 2677 ± 7 Ma, obtained from, the David Lakes pyroclastic breccia. these ages agree with those reported for the adjacent Michipicoten and Gamitagama belts.

Geology and Ages of Buried Precambrian Basement Rocks, Manitoulin Island, Ontario

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1175-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Van Schmus ◽  
K. D. Card ◽  
K. L. Harrower
Keyword(s):  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Precambrian Basement ◽  
Aeromagnetic Data ◽  
Grenville Province ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
East End ◽  
Archean Basement

The geology of the buried Precambrian basement under Manitoulin Island in northern Lake Huron, Ontario, has been re-evaluated on the basis of aeromagnetic data, well cuttings, core samples, and rubidium–strontium and uranium–lead geochronologic data on some of the subsurface samples. We conclude that the northern half of the island is underlain in part by Huronian metasedimentary rocks, but that these are absent from the southern part of the island, which is underlain by granitic, gneissic, and metavolcanic rocks. Granitic and gneissic rocks are also present under the northern half of the island.Geochronologic data show that rocks underlying major positive aeromagnetic anomalies are quartz-monzonitic composite plutons which are about 1500 ± 20 m.y. old. Surrounding metasedimentary. gneissic, and granitic rocks are at least 1700 m.y. old. No evidence was found for extrapolation of the pre-Huroman Archean basement beneath Manitoulin Island; if it is present it has been affected by younger metamorphic overprinting.The south west ward extension of the boundary zone between the Grenville Province and rocks to the west can he traced along the east end of Manitoulin Island on the basis of aeromagnetic data.

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