Identifying the weakest link: simulating adaptive management of the reintroduction of a threatened fish

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1709-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R Bearlin ◽  
E S.G Schreiber ◽  
Simon J Nicol ◽  
A M Starfield ◽  
Charles R Todd
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Barriers To Learning ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Management Cycle

As part of an ongoing program of management for a critically endangered fish, we explored adaptive management as a method to overcome pervasive uncertainty regarding the reintroduction of trout cod (Maccullochella macquariensis Cuvier). We simulated the entire adaptive management cycle to explore the suitability of the approach for guiding threatened species management and to identify problems and barriers to "learning by doing". During the planning phase, a number of compromises were identified between specification of goals and objectives, the available management options, and current monitoring capacity. Undertaking a simulation of the implementation of alternate adaptive approaches to this reintroduction provided a number of insights into adaptive management in general. First, identifying the weak link in the process of inference emphasized the need to consider whether goals and objectives are achievable and meaningful and whether they complement monitoring and (or) any other limitations of the system. Second, in natural resource management, it is crucial to negotiate objectives in the light of what one can measure. Third, although there are lessons to be learned from each stage of the adaptive management cycle, there is value in simulating the entire adaptive management cycle, including management actions, monitoring, and the states of the system that lead to management intervention.

Strategies to improve implementation of adaptive management practices for restoration in coastal Louisiana

Shore & Beach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Tim Carruthers ◽  
Richard Raynie ◽  
Alyssa Dausman ◽  
Syed Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Coastal Restoration ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Coastal Louisiana ◽  
Restoration Effort

Natural resources of coastal Louisiana support the economies of Louisiana and the whole of the United States. However, future conditions of coastal Louisiana are highly uncertain due to the dynamic processes of the Mississippi River delta, unpredictable storm events, subsidence, sea level rise, increasing temperatures, and extensive historic management actions that have altered natural coastal processes. To address these concerns, a centralized state agency was formed to coordinate coastal protection and restoration effort, the Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA). This promoted knowledge centralization and supported informal adaptive management for restoration efforts, at that time mostly funded through the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA). Since the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in 2010 and the subsequent settlement, the majority of restoration funding for the next 15 years will come through one of the DWH mechanisms; Natural Resource and Damage Assessment (NRDA), the RESTORE Council, or National Fish and Wildlife Foundation –Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund (NFWF-GEBF). This has greatly increased restoration effort and increased governance complexity associated with project funding, implementation, and reporting. As a result, there is enhanced impetus to formalize and unify adaptive management processes for coastal restoration in Louisiana. Through synthesis of input from local coastal managers, historical and current processes for project and programmatic implementation and adaptive management were summarized. Key gaps and needs to specifically increase implementation of adaptive management within the Louisiana coastal restoration community were identified and developed into eight tangible and specific recommendations. These were to streamline governance through increased coordination amongst implementing entities, develop a discoverable and practical lessons learned and decision database, coordinate ecosystem reporting, identify commonality of restoration goals, develop a common cross-agency adaptive management handbook for all personnel, improve communication (both in-reach and outreach), have a common repository and clearing house for numerical models used for restoration planning and assessment, and expand approaches for two-way stakeholder engagement throughout the restoration process. A common vision and maximizing synergies between entities can improve adaptive management implementation to maximize ecosystem and community benefits of restoration effort in coastal Louisiana. This work adds to current knowledge by providing specific strategies and recommendations, based upon extensive engagement with restoration practitioners from multiple state and federal agencies. Addressing these practitioner-identified gaps and needs will improve engagement in adaptive management in coastal Louisiana, a large geographic area with high restoration implementation within a complex governance framework.

scholarly journals Epidemic Growth Rates and Host Movement Patterns Shape Management Performance for Pathogen Spillover at The Wildlife-livestock Interface

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kezia R. Manlove ◽  
Laura M. Sampson ◽  
Benny Borremans ◽  
E. Frances Cassirer ◽  
Ryan S. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Management Performance ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Host Movement

ABSTRACTManaging pathogen spillover at the wildlife-livestock interface is a key step toward improving global animal health, food security, and wildlife conservation. However, predicting the effectiveness of management actions across host-pathogen systems with different life histories is an on-going challenge since data on intervention effectiveness are expensive to collect and results are system-specific. We developed a simulation model to explore how the efficacies of different management strategies vary according to host movement patterns and epidemic growth rates. The model suggested that fast-growing, fast-moving epidemics like avian influenza were best-managed with actions like biosecurity or containment, which limited and localized overall spillover risk. For fast-growing, slower-moving diseases like foot-and-mouth disease, depopulation or prophylactic vaccination were competitive management options. Many actions performed competitively when epidemics grew slowly and host movements were limited, and how management efficacy related to epidemic growth rate or host movement propensity depended on what objective was used to evaluate management performance. This framework may be a useful step in advancing how we classify and prioritise responses to novel pathogen spillover threats, and evaluate current management actions for pathogens emerging at the wildlife-livestock interface.

scholarly journals Epidemic growth rates and host movement patterns shape management performance for pathogen spillover at the wildlife–livestock interface

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1782) ◽  
pp. 20180343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kezia R. Manlove ◽  
Laura M. Sampson ◽  
Benny Borremans ◽  
E. Frances Cassirer ◽  
Ryan S. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Management Performance ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Host Movement

Managing pathogen spillover at the wildlife–livestock interface is a key step towards improving global animal health, food security and wildlife conservation. However, predicting the effectiveness of management actions across host–pathogen systems with different life histories is an on-going challenge since data on intervention effectiveness are expensive to collect and results are system-specific. We developed a simulation model to explore how the efficacies of different management strategies vary according to host movement patterns and epidemic growth rates. The model suggested that fast-growing, fast-moving epidemics like avian influenza were best-managed with actions like biosecurity or containment, which limited and localized overall spillover risk. For fast-growing, slower-moving diseases like foot-and-mouth disease, depopulation or prophylactic vaccination were competitive management options. Many actions performed competitively when epidemics grew slowly and host movements were limited, and how management efficacy related to epidemic growth rate or host movement propensity depended on what objective was used to evaluate management performance. This framework offers one means of classifying and prioritizing responses to novel pathogen spillover threats, and evaluating current management actions for pathogens emerging at the wildlife–livestock interface. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover’.

scholarly journals A Modelling Framework for Assessing Adaptive Management Options of Finnish Agrifood Systems to Climate Change

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki Sakari Lehtonen ◽  
Reimund Paul Rötter ◽  
Taru Irmeli Palosuo ◽  
Tapio Juhani Salo ◽  
Janne Antero Helin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Modelling Framework

The Quest for the Holy Grail and the Dutch Integrated Approach to Nitrogen: How to Align Adaptive Management Strategies with the EU Nature Directives?

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-217
Author(s):  
Hendrik Schoukens
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Nitrogen Emissions ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Experimental Management ◽  
Economic Developments

The concept of adaptive management is generally defined as a flexible decision-making process that can be adjusted in the face of uncertainties as outcomes of management actions and other events become better understood. These experimental management strategies, which may grant permit agencies more discretion to authorise economic developments, have become increasingly popular as tools to overcome deadlock scenarios in the context of the EU Nature Directives. One notable application is the Dutch Programmatic Approach to Nitrogen (Programma Aanpak Stikstof – PAS ), which puts forward a more reconciliatory and integrated approach towards permitting additional nitrogen emissions in the vicinity of Natura 2000 sites. The purpose of this paper is to use the Dutch PAS as a benchmark to explore the margins available within the EU Nature Directives to implement more flexible adaptive management strategies. This paper argues that the Dutch PAS, especially taking into account the immediate trade-off that is provided between future restoration actions and ongoing harmful effects, appears to stand at odds with the substantive underpinning of the EU Nature Directives. As a result, its concrete application might be stalled through legal actions which advocate for a more restrictive approach to the authorization of additional impacts on vulnerable EU protected nature. It therefore remains highly doubtful whether the Dutch PAS is to be presented as a textbook example of a genuine sustainable management strategy within the context of EU environmental law.

scholarly journals Advancing the Practice of Performance Monitoring & Evaluation in Ocean Planning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeaPlan
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Substantial Body ◽  
On Line ◽  
Rigorous Treatment ◽  
Management Cycle

A substantial body of literature from the broader planning discipline identifies performance monitoring and evaluation (PM&E) as the engine of the adaptive management cycle. In ocean planning, ideally PM&E is integrated throughout the cycle, enabling a plan to identify and respond to changing conditions and, ultimately, to evolve iteratively toward its goals. However, planning authorities face a variety of challenges on the ground, which leads to PM&E seldom being thoroughly considered early in the planning process, instead typically relegated to less than rigorous treatment in later implementation phases.This paper acknowledges the barriers to effective PM&E integration and explores strategies for advancing its practical application in ocean planning. The intent is to promote discussion among ocean planning practitioners and stakeholders about this critical component as new ocean plans come on line and existing plans are updated.

scholarly journals POTENSI JENIS-JENIS IKAN AIR TAWAR KONSUMSI MASYARAKAT ALIRAN SUNGAI DIGOEL, KABUPATEN BOVEN DIGOEL, PAPUA, DAN BEBERAPA LANGKAH PENGELOLAANNYA

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexy K Rarung ◽  
Silvester B Pratasik
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Local People ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Introduced Fish ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Management Actions

This study aimed at providing information on freshwater fish living in Digoel River, Boven Digoel Regency, Papua, edible for local people and some management options. Data were collected from observing the fishing activities and Tanah Merah  market, and through personal interviews as well. Results showed that there were about 23 species of native and introduced fish living in the Digoel River. Native fish population is decreasing as a result of forest clear cut, pollution, irrational fishing and predation. Therefore, management actions should be taken.

scholarly journals Testing a river basin model with sensitivity analysis and autocalibration for an agricultural catchment in SW Finland

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 428-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. TATTARI ◽  
J. KOSKIAHO ◽  
I. BÄRLUND
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Management Actions

Modeling tools are needed to assess (i) the amounts of loading from agricultural sources to water bodies as well as (ii) the alternative management options in varying climatic conditions. These days, the implementation of Water Framework Directive (WFD) has put totally new requirements also for modeling approaches. The physically based models are commonly not operational and thus the usability of these models is restricted for a few selected catchments. But the rewarding feature of these process-based models is an option to study the effect of protection measures on a catchment scale and, up to a certain point, a possibility to upscale the results. In this study, the parameterization of the SWAT model was developed in terms of discharge dynamics and nutrient loads, and a sensitivity analysis regarding discharge and sediment concentration was made. The SWAT modeling exercise was carried out for a 2nd order catchment (Yläneenjoki, 233 km2) of the Eurajoki river basin in southwestern Finland. The Yläneenjoki catchment has been intensively monitored during the last 14 years. Hence, there was enough background information available for both parameter setup and calibration. In addition to load estimates, SWAT also offers possibility to assess the effects of various agricultural management actions like fertilization, tillage practices, choice of cultivated plants, buffer strips, sedimentation ponds and constructed wetlands (CWs) on loading. Moreover, information on local agricultural practices and the implemented and planned protective measures were readily available thanks to aware farmers and active authorities. Here, we studied how CWs can reduce the nutrient load at the outlet of the Yläneenjoki river basin. The results suggested that sensitivity analysis and autocalibration tools incorporated in the model are useful by pointing out the most influential parameters, and that flow dynamics and annual loading values can be modeled with reasonable accuracy with SWAT. Sensitivity analysis thus showed the parameters which should be known better in order to result in more realistic parameter values. Moreover, the scenario runs for CWs made with SWAT revealed the high demand of land area for this protective measure to be substantially effective.;

scholarly journals Keeping it classy: classification of live fish and ghost PIT tags detected with a mobile PIT tag interrogation system using an innovative analytical approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1564-1573
Author(s):  
J. Benjamin Stout ◽  
Mary Conner ◽  
Phaedra Budy ◽  
Peter Mackinnon ◽  
Mark McKinstry
Keyword(s):  
Error Rate ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Pit Tag ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Random Forest Classification ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Forest Classification ◽  
Input Structure

The ability of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag data to improve demographic parameter estimates has led to the rapid advancement of PIT tag systems. However, ghost tags create uncertainty about detected tag status (i.e., live fish or ghost tag) when using mobile interrogation systems. We developed a method to differentiate between live fish and ghost tags using a random forest classification model with a novel data input structure based on known fate PIT tag detections in the San Juan River (New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah, USA). We used our model to classify detected tags with an overall error rate of 6.8% (1.6% ghost tags error rate and 21.8% live fish error rate). The important variables for classification were related to distance moved and response to monsoonal flood flows; however, habitat variables did not appear to influence model accuracy. Our results and approach allow the use of mobile detection data with confidence and allow for greater accuracy in movement, distribution, and habitat use studies, potentially helping identify influential management actions that would improve our ability to conserve and recover endangered fish.

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