The Nutritive Value of Marine Products: VIII. Proximate Analysis of Canned British Columbia Sockeye and Pink Salmon

1936 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal M. Carter
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
The North ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Composite Samples

The proximate compositions and calculated calorific values of individual and composite samples of canned sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and pink (O. gorbuscha) salmon from fish caught in several localities on the British Columbia coast are compared. The resulting data are also presented in such a way as to allow comparison of the composition and energy content of the various constituents in the can, some of which are frequently discarded in the utilization of canned salmon. The average percentages of the total oil, protein, salt (sodium chloride)-free minerals, and Calories contributed by the different constituents in the samples were respectively: flesh—(sockeye) 62, (pink) 72; 85, 81; 55, 54; 73, 78; skin—(sockeye) 11.2, (pink) 15.3; 3.6, 4.3; 9.8, 6.7; 7.7, 9.0; free aqueous liquor—(sockeye) 0, (pink) 0; 11, 14; 5, 7; 4, 8; free oil—(oil) 26, 10; (Calories) 15, 4; bone—(salt-free minerals) 30.2, 32.6. Corresponding average percentage compositions of composite samples of entire contents were: water—(sockeye) 68.6, (pink) 71.5; oil—8.82, 6.75; protein—20.2, 19.3; salt-free minerals—1.57, 1.57. The average energy contents were (sockeye) 749, (pink) 644 Calories per pound. Comparison with published analyses of canned sockeye and pink salmon from Alaska and Washington indicated that more extensive and detailed sampling will be necessary before conclusions can be drawn regarding the comparative compositions and food values of canned British Columbia salmons, and the relation of these values to those of salmon caught to the north and south.

The Nutritive Value of Marine Products: XI. Proximate Analysis of Canned British Columbia Coho (Blueback) Salmon

1936 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Marine Products ◽  
Food Value ◽  
Composite Samples

Samples of canned coho (blueback) salmon (Oncorhynchiis kisutch), from fish caught each month of the fishing season (May-September) in a limited area on the coast of British Columbia, were subjected to analysis from which nutritive values were determined by the calculation of calorific values. The average percentages of constituents in composite samples of the entire contents were: water, 72.8; fat, 4.50; protein, 19.9; sodium chloride-free ash, 1.37; sodium chloride, 1.13; calorific value per pound of contents, 562. Percentages of fat, protein, sodium chloride-free minerals, and consequently the food value, reached a maximum in cans containing fish caught in mid-July.

The Nutritive Value of Marine Products: VII. The Vitamin A and D Potency of the Oils from British Columbia Canned Salmon

1936 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil E. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Marine Products ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The total oil in samples of canned British Columbia sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and pink (O. gorbuscha) salmon, each from three different localities, contained respectively 50, 67, 67 and 50, 67, 67 international units of vitamin D per gram, equivalent to average contents of 1700 and 880 international units in the oil per pound of contents for the sockeye and pink samples respectively. The oil in the cans of sockeye salmon from two of the localities contained approximately 2.5 and 2.0 A.D.M.A. units of vitamin A per gram respectively. A composite sample of the oil in all the cans of pink salmon contained no appreciable amount of vitamin A. Several physical and chemical characteristics of the oil samples are given.

scholarly journals Physiological resilience of pink salmon to naturally occurring ocean acidification

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Y Frommel ◽  
Justin Carless ◽  
Brian P V Hunt ◽  
Colin J Brauner
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Hypoxia Tolerance ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
The North ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Co2 Levels

Abstract Pacific salmon stocks are in decline with climate change named as a contributing factor. The North Pacific coast of British Columbia is characterized by strong temporal and spatial heterogeneity in ocean conditions with upwelling events elevating CO2 levels up to 10-fold those of pre-industrial global averages. Early life stages of pink salmon have been shown to be affected by these CO2 levels, and juveniles naturally migrate through regions of high CO2 during the energetically costly phase of smoltification. To investigate the physiological response of out-migrating wild juvenile pink salmon to these naturally occurring elevated CO2 levels, we captured fish in Georgia Strait, British Columbia and transported them to a marine lab (Hakai Institute, Quadra Island) where fish were exposed to one of three CO2 levels (850, 1500 and 2000 μatm CO2) for 2 weeks. At ½, 1 and 2 weeks of exposure, we measured their weight and length to calculate condition factor (Fulton’s K), as well as haematocrit and plasma [Cl−]. At each of these times, two additional stressors were imposed (hypoxia and temperature) to provide further insight into their physiological condition. Juvenile pink salmon were largely robust to elevated CO2 concentrations up to 2000 μatm CO2, with no mortality or change in condition factor over the 2-week exposure duration. After 1 week of exposure, temperature and hypoxia tolerance were significantly reduced in high CO2, an effect that did not persist to 2 weeks of exposure. Haematocrit was increased by 20% after 2 weeks in the CO2 treatments relative to the initial measurements, while plasma [Cl−] was not significantly different. Taken together, these data indicate that juvenile pink salmon are quite resilient to naturally occurring high CO2 levels during their ocean outmigration.

The Nutritive Value of Marine Products: IX. Proximate Analysis of British Columbia Canned Pilchard

1936 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
F. D. White
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
The West ◽  
Marine Products ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Proximate analyses of samples of canned pilchard from fish caught early and late in the season in one vicinity on the west coast of Vancouver island are tabulated. The average calorific value per pound of content was 747 and 1074 Calories, respectively. The percentage of fat (18.5) in the late-caught fish was almost twice as great as that in the early-caught fish. Separate proximate analyses of the flesh, skin, and bone disclosed significant changes in the percentages of fat, protein, and minerals in these components between the beginning and end of the season.

The Nutritive Value of Marine Products: XIV. Proximate Analyses of Fresh British Columbia Oysters

1936 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Tully
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Ostrea Lurida ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Strait Of Georgia ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Marine Products ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Proximate analyses were made at bi-monthly intervals during 1933–34 on samples of Ostrea lurida, O. virginica, and O. gigas grown under identical conditions in the strait of Georgia. The proportions of glycogen and protein are shown to be approximately reciprocal and the greatest variation to occur during the summer. The energy content varies slightly, attaining a maximum in late fall and early winter, O. gigas having the highest and O. lurida the lowest values.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ENERGY CONTENT OF PACIFIC SALMONS IN THE OKHOTSK SEA

2019 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 152-165
Author(s):  
K. M. Gorbatenko ◽  
I. V. Melnikov ◽  
E. E. Ovsyannikov ◽  
S. L. Ovsyannikova
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Okhotsk Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Juvenile Chum Salmon ◽  
The North Pacific

The main bioenergetic parameters of pacific salmons are presented on the data obtained in marine expeditions in 2003–2015. Among the examined species, the minimum energy content is registered in the muscle tissue of chum salmon and pink salmon, and the maximum energy content — in the muscles of king salmon. Total amount of the energy accumulated by juvenile pink salmon during its life within the Okhotsk Sea is estimated as 532 kcal or 27 % of the total energy accumulated in the whole marine period of its life, for juvenile chum salmon this amount is 492 kcal (11 %). The rest is accumulated by adults during their feeding in the ocean: pink salmon, without ranking by age and sex, gains in the North Pacific on average 1 442 kcal or 73 % of the total energy accumulated in the marine period of life, chum salmon — 4 071 kcal (89 %).

The Nutritive Value of Marine Products: XII. Mineral Constituents of some Food Fishes of British Columbia

1936 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Marine Products ◽  
Mineral Constituents ◽  
Composite Samples

Ashes of composite samples of canned sockeye, pink and blueback salmon and canned pilchard were analyzed for Ca, Mg, Na, Ka P. Cl, S and traces of Cu and Mn. Comparison of the relative amounts of these elements with their concentration in sea water indicates selective absorption of Ca and K over Mg and Na respectively. The presence of Cu and Mn in trades is important for dietetic purposes.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ENERGY CONTENT, PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POTENTIAL WILD EDIBLE LEGUME; CANAVALIA ROSEA (SW.) DC. FROM NORTHERN KERALA

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
ASWATHI V. ◽  
ABDUSSALAM A. K.
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Circular Compound ◽  
Information Energy

Objective: Major objective of this study is to determine the calorific value and antioxidant activity of Canavaliarosea. Methods: Petroleum ether extract of the seeds were tested qualitatively for twelve components. Calorific value in kJ/100g seed flour was determined based on the results of the proximate analysis. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were analyzed by standard procedures using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. Results: C. roseais a perennial creeper with roughly circular compound leaves. Flowers are brightly pink-purple, in racemes. It is having large fruits up to 8-12 cm, with brown dormant seeds inside. Seeds were collected from banks of ‘Kabani’ River (Panamaram) and from various tribal hamlets in Wayanad district, Kerela. Preliminary phytochemical screening reveals the presence of eight compounds such as, tannins,saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, phenols, coumarins and phlobatannins. The analysis of nutritive value of seed has a higher value of crude protein (48.71 %) and crude carbohydrate (34.07). The calorific value of seed material was 1529.9kJ/100g seed flour. Enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase (38.134 u/mg fw) and catalase (19.051 u/mg dw) then non-enzymatic antioxidants poly phenols (12.81 u/mg dw) and ascorbic acid (10.301 u/mg fw) were tested. All those tests show significant levels of antioxidants in the sample. Conclusion: Hence, the present study providing details about the place of collection, ethnobotanical information, energy content and antioxidant activity of Canavaliarosea.

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