Ultrastructure of forming and dormant chlamydospores of Fusarium solani in soil

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1634-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Van Eck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material

Chlamydospores of Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae, F. solani f. sp. phaseoli and F. solani f. sp. pisi formed in soil were recovered at intervals and examined by electron microscopy. Cell wall material outside the newly formed chlamydospore cell wall gradually disintegrated. Protoplasts of chlamydospore cells lyse without prior penetration of the cell wall by microorganisms. The mechanisms of lysis of chlamydospores of F. solani in soil are discussed.

Cytological comparison of early stages of wall regeneration of Cercospora nicotianae and Neurospora crassa protoplasts

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1938-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Gwinn ◽  
Margaret E. Daub ◽  
Pi-Yu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Protoplast Isolation ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Isolated Protoplasts ◽  
Regeneration Period

Freshly isolated protoplasts of Cercospora nicotianae and Neurospora crassa are equally sensitive to the toxin, cercosporin. After a 12-h regeneration period C. nicotianae cells are resistant, but N. crassa cells remain sensitive. Production of cell wall material by both C. nicotianae and N. crassa was monitored by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Freshly isolated protoplasts lacked cell wall material as shown by observation with electron microscopy and inability to bind the fluorescent brightener Tinopal 5BM. After a 12-h incubation, electron micrographs of regenerating protoplasts showed well-developed cell walls for N. crassa, whereas C. nicotianae displayed variations in wall structure. Ability to bind Tinopal 5BM was acquired very early by regenerating cells of both fungi. Percentages of cells that could bind Concanavalin A did not differ between the two fungi at any time after protoplast isolation. Ability to bind wheat germ agglutinin and Bandeiraea simplicifolia agglutinin II was detected earlier in C. nicotianae than in N. crassa. These data demonstrate the presence of cell wall materials in both C. nicotianae and N. crassa at the time that differential sensitivity to cercosporin is observed. These results suggest that components in the C. nicotianae cell wall may play a role in cercosporin resistance.

Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy reveals the response of Sphagnum cell wall material to its aqueous chemical environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Ewen Silvester ◽  
Annaleise R. Klein ◽  
Kerry L. Whitworth ◽  
Ljiljana Puskar ◽  
Mark J. Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Chemical Environment ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Flowing Liquid ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy

Environmental contextSphagnum moss is a widespread species in peatlands globally and responsible for a large fraction of carbon storage in these systems. We used synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy to characterise the acid-base properties of Sphagnum moss and the conditions under which calcium uptake can occur (essential for plant tissue integrity). The work allows a chemical model for Sphagnum distribution in the landscape to be proposed. AbstractSphagnum is one the major moss types responsible for the deposition of organic soils in peatland systems. The cell walls of this moss have a high proportion of carboxylated polysaccharides (polygalacturonic acids), which act as ion exchangers and are likely to be important for the structural integrity of the cell walls. We used synchrotron light source infrared microspectroscopy to characterise the acid-base and calcium complexation properties of the cell walls of Sphagnum cristatum stems, using freshly sectioned tissue confined in a flowing liquid cell with both normal water and D2O media. The Fourier transform infrared spectra of acid and base forms are consistent with those expected for protonated and deprotonated aliphatic carboxylic acids (such as uronic acids). Spectral deconvolution shows that the dominant aliphatic carboxylic groups in this material behave as a monoprotic acid (pKa=4.97–6.04). The cell wall material shows a high affinity for calcium, with a binding constant (K) in the range 103.9–104.7 (1:1 complex). The chemical complexation model developed here allows for the prediction of the chemical environment (e.g. pH, ionic content) under which Ca2+ uptake can occur, and provides an improved understanding for the observed distribution of Sphagnum in the landscape.

scholarly journals Influence of Lignin on Digestibility of Forage Cell Wall Material

1986 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1703-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Jung ◽  
K. P. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material

The Effect of Siduron Upon Barley Root Metabolism

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Splittstoesser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Root Metabolism

Barley (Hordeum vulgareL. var. Trail) root growth was inhibited at lower concentrations of 1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-3-phenylurea (siduron) than was shoot growth. The influence of siduron upon root metabolism was assessed with excised roots grown in 0 or 5 ppm siduron. More glucose-U-14C and leucine-U-14C were degraded to CO2and less were incorporated into cell wall material and protein by roots grown in siduron. However, roots grown in siduron incorporated more adenine-8-14C into nucleic acids and degraded less adenine to CO2than roots grown in water. It was suggested that siduron disrupted the normal nucleic acid metabolism of barley roots which was necessary for protein and cell wall synthesis.

The impact of chemical structure on polyphenol bioaccessibility, as a function of processing, cell wall material and pH: A model system

2021 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 110304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eden Eran Nagar ◽  
Liora Berenshtein ◽  
Inbal Hanuka Katz ◽  
Uri Lesmes ◽  
Zoya Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Model System ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
The Impact
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document