Generation and characterization of the antibacterial activity of a novel hybrid antimicrobial peptide comprising functional domains from different insect cecropins

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Plunkett ◽  
Stuart I. Murray ◽  
Carl A. Lowenberger
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Target Specificity ◽  
Hybrid Molecule ◽  
Parent Molecule ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Cecropin A ◽  
Α Helix

The search for new antimicrobial compounds involves finding novel sources of chemotherapeutic compounds or manipulating and combining structures from existing molecules. Small antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are components of innate immune defenses characterized in greatest detail in insect-derived AMPs. We have generated hybrid AMPs (hAMPs) by combining functional motifs from different insect AMPs as a proof of principle that we can generate molecules with lower minimum inhibitory concentrations, and with different activity and target specificity than either parent molecule. A two-helix, cecropin-like hAMP was created by linking the N-terminal α helix of cecropin A from Aedes aegypti to the C-terminal α helix of cecropin A1 from Drosophila melanogaster . This molecule exhibits antibacterial activity at sub-micromolar concentrations with a target specificity that differs from either parent molecule. Antibacterial activity of the hybrid molecule was found to be greater against Gram-negative than Gram-positive bacteria. No hemolysis was observed in sheep red blood cells exposed to concentrations up to 50 µmol/L, suggesting the peptide is not detrimental to eukaryotic cells.

scholarly journals NOVEL COMPOSITE OF SILVER-BACTERIAL CELLULOSE (Ag-BC) FROM SIWALAN SAP (Borassus flabellifer) AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Suntini Suntini ◽  
Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih ◽  
Harjono Harjono
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Assay ◽  
Natural Composite

Recently, a wound healing from natural composite with excellent properties is in a high demand. In this study, a novel composite of bacterial cellulose made from Siwalan sap (Borassus flabellifer) was achieved. Siwalan is a common plant in Java Island of Indonesia and the application is very limited for beverage only. This study aims to determine the effect of the AgNO3/NaBH4 concentration ratio in the development of Ag-BC composites and its antibacterial properties from Siwalan sap. Ag-BC composites were prepared by impregnating the silver solution into the BC matrix through the reduction process with NaBH4. Characterization of Ag-BC composites conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Antibacterial assay was performed using disc diffusion method against Salmonella typhimurium (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria. The characterization of Ag-BC composite shows the nanostructure of BC with a length of fiber around 35-60 nm in width. The SEM-EDX micrograph showed that silver particles were impregnated into the BC matrix. Antibacterial activity test results showed that the Ag-BC composite had the ability to inhibit the bacteria S. typhimurium and S. aureus with good inhibition. This result showed the potential application of Ag-BC composite from Siwalan plant as a natural material for medical and pharmaceutical purpose, especially as an antibacterial agent.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Curcumin-Sulfanilamide Compound

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Nurjanah Nurjanah ◽  
Endang Saepudin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry

Curcumin, a diarylheptanoids compound which isolated primary from Curcuma longa, exhibits a variety of exciting biological activities, including as an antibacterial agent. In the present study, a sulfanilamide-contained curcumin compound was synthesized and characterized to investigate the antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, B. subtilis and gram-negative bacteria E. coli. The characterization of the synthesized compound was determined by analysing peak absorbance, functional group, and molecular weight using mass spectroscopy, UV/Vis and FTIR spectrophotometry. Curcumin-sulfanilamide compound exhibited the best antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria compared to curcumin and the curcumin-derived compound containing isoxazole with inhibitory zone of 11 mm.

scholarly journals Identification of a second binding site on the TRIM25 B30.2 domain

2018 ◽  
Vol 475 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay A. D'Cruz ◽  
Nadia J. Kershaw ◽  
Thomas J. Hayman ◽  
Edmond M. Linossi ◽  
Jessica J. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Interaction Domain ◽  
Binding Interface ◽  
Α Helix ◽  
B30.2 Domain ◽  
Inducible Gene

The retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) receptor recognizes short 5′-di- and triphosphate base-paired viral RNA and is a critical mediator of the innate immune response against viruses such as influenza A, Ebola, HIV and hepatitis C. This response is reported to require an orchestrated interaction with the tripartite motif 25 (TRIM25) B30.2 protein-interaction domain. Here, we present a novel second RIG-I-binding interface on the TRIM25 B30.2 domain that interacts with CARD1 and CARD2 (caspase activation and recruitment domains) of RIG-I and is revealed by the removal of an N-terminal α-helix that mimics dimerization of the full-length protein. Further characterization of the TRIM25 coiled-coil and B30.2 regions indicated that the B30.2 domains move freely on a flexible tether, facilitating RIG-I CARD recruitment. The identification of a dual binding mode for the TRIM25 B30.2 domain is a first for the SPRY/B30.2 domain family and may be a feature of other SPRY/B30.2 family members.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Performance of Terpenoids from the Australian Plant Eremophila lucida

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israt J. Biva ◽  
Chi P. Ndi ◽  
Susan J. Semple ◽  
Hans J. Griesser
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Resin Layer ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Australian Plant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Attention

Plants in the Australian genus Eremophila (Scrophulariaceae) have attracted considerable recent attention for their antimicrobial compounds, which possess a wide range of chemical structures. As they are typically associated with the oily-waxy resin layer covering leaves and green branchlets, and Eremophila lucida is prominent among the species containing a pronounced sticky resin layer, this species was considered of interest for assessing its antibacterial constituents. The n-hexane fraction of the crude acetone extract of the leaves exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Isolation led to the known compounds cembratriene, (3Z, 7E, 11Z)-15-hydroxycembra-3,7,11-trien-19-oic acid (1), the sesquiterpenoid, farnesal (2) and the viscidane diterpenoid, 5α-hydroxyviscida-3,14-dien-20-oic acid (3). The purified compounds were tested for antibacterial activity with 2 and 3 showing moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

Design, expression, and characterization of a novel cecropin A-derived peptide with high antibacterial activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1765-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Jinglian Lin ◽  
Qiuli Sun ◽  
Kaiwen Zheng ◽  
Yi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cecropin A

Novolac-based Polymer-silver Nanoparticles Hybrid: Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Samaresh Ghosh ◽  
Mridula Acharyya ◽  
Santi M. Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Novolac Resin ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bactericidal Efficiency

Background:Hybrids, composed of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) dispersed inside a polymer matrix thus combining properties of both the components offer antibacterial activity and several advantages. Nevertheless, the development of antibacterial hybrid material comprising both novolac type phenolic resin and AgNPs remains one of the untouched issues in human healthcare.Objective:We report herein the simple preparation of hybrid derived from functionalized novolac resin and AgNPs. The hybrid was tested for antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria.Method and Results:Preparation and characterization of functionalized novolac resin and hybrid were achieved. Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 3160, Staphylococcus epidermidis NCIM2493, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Escherichia coli) were used to test the bactericidal efficiency of hybrid. The antibacterial effectiveness of hybrid was determined in terms of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, treatment with hybrid caused cytoplasmic contents leakage evidencing membrane damage.Conclusion:The hybrid developed thus could provide opportunities to fabricate a wide range of antibacterial functional materials for different purposes in human health associated sectors.

Characterization of unique amphipathic antimicrobial peptides from venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator

2001 ◽  
Vol 359 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo CORZO ◽  
Pierre ESCOUBAS ◽  
Elba VILLEGAS ◽  
Kevin J. BARNHAM ◽  
Weilan HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Scorpion Venom ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
High Resolution Structure ◽  
Cd Studies ◽  
Α Helix ◽  
Resolution Structure

Two novel antimicrobial peptides have been identified and characterized from venom of the African scorpion Pandinus imperator. The peptides, designated pandinin 1 and 2, are α-helical polycationic peptides, with pandinin 1 belonging to the group of antibacterial peptides previously described from scorpions, frogs and insects, and pandinin 2 to the group of short magainin-type helical peptides from frogs. Both peptides demonstrated high antimicrobial activity against a range of Gram-positive bacteria (2.4–5.2μM), but were less active against Gram-negative bacteria (2.4–38.2μM), and only pandinin 2 affected the yeast Candida albicans. Pandinin 2 also demonstrated strong haemolytic activity (11.1–44.5μM) against sheep erythrocytes, in contrast with pandinin 1, which was not haemolytic. CD studies and a high-resolution structure of pandinin 2 determined by NMR, showed that the two peptides are both essentially helical, but differ in their overall structure. Pandinin 2 is composed of a single α-helix with a predominantly hydrophobic N-terminal sequence, whereas pandinin 1 consists of two distinct α-helices separated by a coil region of higher flexibility. This is the first report of magainin-type polycationic antimicrobial peptides in scorpion venom. Their presence brings new insights into the mode of action of scorpion venom and also opens new avenues for the discovery of novel antibiotic molecules from arthropod venoms.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Extraction and characterization of sea anemones compound and its Anti bacterial and hemolytic studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar A ◽  
Raja Sheker K ◽  
Naveen B ◽  
Abhilash G ◽  
Akila CR
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Sea Anemones ◽  
Marine Plants ◽  
Heteractis Magnifica ◽  
Trididemnum Solidum

Seas assets that give us a variety of characteristic items to control bacterial, contagious and viral ailment and mostly utilized for malignancy chemotherapy practically from spineless creatures, for example, bryozoans, wipes, delicate corals, coelenterates, ocean fans, ocean bunnies, molluscs and echinoderms. In the previous 30 - 40 years, marine plants and creatures have been the focal point of overall endeavours to characterize the regular results of the marine condition. Numerous marine characteristic items have been effectively exceptional to the last phases of clinical preliminaries, including dolastatin-10, a group of peptides disengaged from Indian ocean rabbit, Dollabella auricularia. Ecteinascidin-743 from mangrove tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata, Didemnins was isolated from Caribbean tunicate Trididemnum solidum and Conopeptides from cone snails (Conus sp.), and a developing number of up-and-comers have been chosen as promising leads for expanded pre-clinical appraisals. Sea anemones possess numerous tentacles containing stinging cells or cnidocytes. The stinging cells are equipped with small organelles known as nematocysts. The two species of sea anemones namely, Heteractis magnificaandStichodactyla haddoni, were collected from Mandapam coastal waters of Ramanathapuram district, Tamilnadu, India. The Nematocyst was collected and centrifuged, and the supernatant was lyophilized and stored for further analysis. The amount of protein from Heteractis Magnifica and Stichodactyla haddoni was estimated. The crude extract has shown haemolytic activity on chicken blood and goat blood. In the antibacterial activity of the sea anemone against six bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii, Salmonella paratyphii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibacterial activity of H. Magnifica and S.haddoni was measured as the radius of the zone of inhibition.

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