Sensitivity of tree growth to the atmospheric vertical profile in the Boreal Plains of Manitoba, Canada

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin-Philippe Girardin ◽  
Jacques Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Geopotential Height ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Growing Season Length

This paper investigates the influence of surface climate and atmospheric circulation on radial growth of eight boreal tree species growing in the Duck Mountain Provincial Forest, Manitoba, Canada. Tree-ring residual chronologies were built, transformed into principal components (PCs), and analysed through correlation and response functions to reveal their associations to climate (temperature, precipitation, and drought data for the period 1912–1999, as well as local geopotential height data for the period 1948–1999). Geopotential height correlation and composite charts for the Northern Hemisphere were also constructed. Correlation and response function coefficients indicated that radial growth of all species was negatively affected by temperature-induced drought stresses from the summers previous and current to ring formation. The summer drought stress alone explained nearly 28% of the variance in PC1. Warm spring temperature was also a positive factor for Pinus banksiana Lamb. and Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, but a negative one for all hardwoods. Analyses performed on geopotential height highlighted the importance of the Northern Hemispheric atmospheric circulation in the species' response to climate. The variability within the 500-hPa level over southern Manitoba explained 39% and 58% of the variability in PC1 and PC2, respectively. The relationships were highly significant with the middle and high troposphere during spring and late summer (determinant factor for growing season length) and with the troposphere and stratosphere during summer. The sensitivity of tree growth to atmospheric circulation exceeded the synoptic scale, with a response associated with yearly variations in the amplitude of the mid-tropospheric longwaves.

scholarly journals The Radial Growth of Picea wilsonii Was More Restricted by Precipitation Due to Climate Warming on Mt. Guandi, China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1602
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Huang ◽  
Xiaoneng Sun ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Feng Xue ◽  
Minghao Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Picea Wilsonii

Transitional climate zones (TCZ) are characterized by instability due to rapid changes in climate and biological variables, and trees growing there are particularly sensitive to climate change. Therefore, knowledge about the shifted relationships of tree growth in response to climate warming will shape regional forest conservation and management strategies. China has experienced rapid warming in recent decades. However, how tree growth in semihumid to semiarid regions, such as the Guandi Mountains, responds to more sophisticated changes in the hydrothermal combination is not yet clear. In this study, we used tree-ring width data from three sites along an elevational gradient in the Guandi Mountains to present the response of Picea wilsonii Mast. radial growth to increasing temperature and elevational differences in the relationship between tree growth and climate. The results indicated that the Guandi Mountains have experienced rapid warming with a clear trend toward aridity. From 1959 to 1995, the radial growth of P. wilsonii was mainly influenced by temperature, while it was controlled by both temperature and precipitation after rapid warming in 1996. From 1959 to 2017, this species showed a generally consistent growth–climate relationship at different elevations in the Guandi Mountains. However, the radial growth of trees at higher elevations had a higher climatic correlation than at lower elevations, and it was more conditioned by higher summer temperatures and precipitation in December of the previous year. These results suggested that P. wilsonii was more susceptible to drought and high temperatures due to a warming climate and that more attention should be devoted to forest management, especially the adverse consequences of summer drought on P. wilsonii.

scholarly journals Intra-Annual Radial Growth of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis Is Mainly Controlled by Moisture Availability in the Ailao Mountains, Southwestern China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan ◽  
Bräuning ◽  
Fu ◽  
Yang ◽  
Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
Pinus Kesiya ◽  
Moisture Availability

Intra-annual monitoring of tree growth dynamics is increasingly applied to disentangle growth-change relationships with local climate conditions. However, such studies are still very limited in subtropical regions which show a wide variety of climate regimes. We monitored stem radius variations (SRV) of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis (Szemao pine) over five years (2012–2015 and 2017) in the subtropical monsoon mountain climate of the Ailao Mountains, Yunnan Province, southwest China. On average, the stem radial growth of Szemao pine started in early March and ended in early October, and the highest growth rates occurred during May to June. Stem radius increments were synchronous with precipitation events, while tree water deficit corresponded to the drought periods. Correlation analysis and linear mixed-effects models revealed that precipitation and relative humidity are the most important limiting factors of stem radial increments, whereas air temperature and vapor pressure deficit significantly affected tree water balance and may play an important role in determining the growing season length and seasonality (i.e., duration, start, and cessation). This study reveals that moisture availability plays a major role for tree growth of P. kesiya var langbianensis in the Ailao Mountains, southwest China.

Effects of climate on radial growth of subalpine conifers in the North Cascade Mountains

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1921-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Peterson ◽  
David L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Cascade Mountains ◽  
Subalpine Fir ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
The North

Dendroecological techniques were used to study the influence of climate on the growth of subalpine fir (Abieslasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.), Engelmann spruce (Piceaengelmannii Parry), and subalpine larch (Larixlyallii Parl.) in the North Cascade Mountains of Washington state. Study sites were selected on different topographic features at three points along an elevation gradient (ridgetop, valley slope, and valley floor) to characterize site influences on growth response to climate. Mixed species stands were sampled to identify possible differences in species response to climate on a common site. Species differences account for most of the variability in radial growth patterns and response to climate. The greatest differences are between subalpine fir and subalpine larch, while the greatest similarities are between subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce. After species, aspect is the most significant factor affecting growth response to climate. Spring snowpack and summer temperature are the primary climatic factors influencing growth. Spring snowpack is negatively correlated with growth for all three species, but the relationship is strongest for subalpine fir and weakest for subalpine larch. Subalpine larch growth is positively correlated with June temperature. Subalpine fir growth is positively correlated with July–August temperature. Engelmann spruce growth is positively correlated with June–August temperature, but unusually warm July–August temperatures are associated with reduced growth the following year. The response of subalpine forests in the North Cascades to future climate change will depend on winter snowpack accumulations and spring snowmelt rates. Earlier meltouts and warmer summers would benefit growth on north aspect sites, but could also increase the frequency and severity of summer drought conditions on ridges and south-aspect sites, where summer soil moisture may already be limiting.

scholarly journals Tree ring variability and climate response of Abies spectabilis along an elevation gradient in Mustang, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Kharal ◽  
H. Meilby ◽  
S. Rayamajhi ◽  
D. Bhuju ◽  
U. K. Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Abies Spectabilis

In mountainous areas including the Himalayas, tree lines are expected to advance to higher altitudes due to global climate change affecting the distribution and growth of plant species. This study aimed at identifying the tree ring variability of Abies spectabilis (D. Don) and its response to the climate along an elevation gradient in the high Himalayas of central Nepal. Tree core samples were collected from four sites in Mustang district. All sites were located in the same valley and exposed to similar weather conditions. Out of 232 samples collected from the sites, Titi lower (2700 m), Titi upper (2900 m), Pangukhark (3100 m) and Lete upper (3300 m), 44, 40, 39 and 41 series were successfully cross-dated and ring-width chronologies including 168, 79, 138 and 156 years previous to 2012 were developed, respectively. Statistically significant differences in average annual radial growth were noted among the four sites with the highest radial growth observed at mid-elevation sites. Chronological statistics based on residual chronologies for the common period revealed that A. spectabilis at the upper elevation site was more climate sensitive than at the other three sites. At the highest-elevation sites the correlation between pre-monsoon precipitation and tree growth was positive, and for the month of May this was statistically significant (p<0.05). Moreover, spring temperature (March-June) was negatively correlated with precipitation and with tree growth at all sites, and at the upper elevation site (3300 m) the correlation was significant for March, April and May.  Banko Janakari, Vol. 24, No. 1 pp. 3-13

Evaluation of Tree Growth Relevant Atmospheric Circulation Patterns for Geopotential Height Field Reconstructions for Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 4391-4401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Seim ◽  
Johannes A. Schultz ◽  
Christoph Beck ◽  
Achim Bräuning ◽  
Paul J. Krusic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Geopotential Height ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Height Fields

Atmospheric circulations influence local and regional weather conditions and, thus, tree growth. To identify summer weather types relevant for tree growth, and their associated synoptic-scale circulation patterns, an atmospheric circulation tree ring index (ACTI) dataset, derived from 414 tree-ring sites across Asia spanning the period 1871–2010, was created. Modes of common variability in the ACTI dataset were compared with leading modes of observed summertime 500-hPa geopotential height. The first four ACTI modes (explaining 88% of the total variance) were associated with pressure centers over Eurasia, the tropics, and the Pacific Ocean. The high spatiotemporal resemblance between the leading circulation modes, derived from both tree rings and 500-hPa geopotential height fields, indicates a strong potential for reconstructing large-scale circulation patterns from tree rings in Asia. This would allow investigations of natural atmospheric circulation variability prior to anthropogenic climate change and provide a means to validate model simulations of climate predictions.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Radial Growth Response of Picea crassifolia to Climate Change in Different Regions of the Central and Eastern Qilian Mountains

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Xuan Wu ◽  
Liang Jiao ◽  
Dashi Du ◽  
Changliang Qi ◽  
Ruhong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Picea Crassifolia ◽  
The Qilian Mountains

It is important to explore the responses of radial tree growth in different regions to understand growth patterns and to enhance forest management and protection with climate change. We constructed tree ring width chronologies of Picea crassifolia from different regions of the Qilian Mountains of northwest China. We used Pearson correlation and moving correlation to analyze the main climate factors limiting radial growth of trees and the temporal stability of the growth–climate relationship, while spatial correlation is the result of further testing the first two terms in space. The conclusions were as follows: (1) Radial growth had different trends, showing an increasing followed by a decreasing trend in the central region, a continuously increasing trend in the eastern region, and a gradually decreasing trend in the isolated mountain. (2) Radial tree growth in the central region and isolated mountains was constrained by drought stress, and tree growth in the central region was significantly negatively correlated with growing season temperature. Isolated mountains showed a significant negative correlation with mean minimum of growing season and a significant positive correlation with total precipitation. (3) Temporal dynamic responses of radial growth in the central region to the temperatures and SPEI (the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index) in the growing season were unstable, the isolated mountains to total precipitation was unstable, and that to SPEI was stable. The results of this study suggest that scientific management and maintenance plans of the forest ecosystem should be developed according to the response and growth patterns of the Qinghai spruce to climate change in different regions of the Qilian Mountains.

scholarly journals How Does Radial Growth of Water-Stressed Populations of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Trees Vary under Multiple Drought Events?

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Tamalika Chakraborty ◽  
Albert Reif ◽  
Andreas Matzarakis ◽  
Somidh Saha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Neighborhood Competition

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees are becoming vulnerable to drought, with a warming climate. Existing studies disagree on how radial growth varies in European beech in response to droughts. We aimed to find the impact of multiple droughts on beech trees’ annual radial growth at their ecological drought limit created by soil water availability in the forest. Besides, we quantified the influence of competition and canopy openness on the mean basal area growth of beech trees. We carried out this study in five near-natural temperate forests in three localities of Germany and Switzerland. We quantified available soil water storage capacity (AWC) in plots laid in the transition zone from oak to beech dominated forests. The plots were classified as ‘dry’ (AWC < 60 mL) and ‘less-dry’ (AWC > 60 mL). We performed dendroecological analyses starting from 1951 in continuous and discontinuous series to study the influence of climatic drought (i.e., precipitation-potential evapotranspiration) on the radial growth of beech trees in dry and less-dry plots. We used observed values for this analysis and did not use interpolated values from interpolated historical records in this study. We selected six drought events to study the resistance, recovery, and resilience of beech trees to drought at a discontinuous level. The radial growth was significantly higher in less-dry plots than dry plots. The increase in drought had reduced tree growth. Frequent climatic drought events resulted in more significant correlations, hence, increased the dependency of tree growth on AWC. We showed that the recovery and resilience to climatic drought were higher in trees in less-dry plots than dry plots, but it was the opposite for resistance. The resistance, recovery, and resilience of the trees were heterogeneous between the events of drought. Mean growth of beech trees (basal area increment) were negatively impacted by neighborhood competition and positively influenced by canopy openness. We emphasized that beech trees growing on soil with low AWC are at higher risk of growth decline. We concluded that changes in soil water conditions even at the microsite level could influence beech trees’ growth in their drought limit under the changing climate. Along with drought, neighborhood competition and lack of light can also reduce beech trees’ growth. This study will enrich the state of knowledge about the ongoing debate on the vulnerability of beech trees to drought in Europe.

scholarly journals Regeneration dynamics in fragmented landscapes at the leading edge of distribution: Quercus suber woodlands as a study case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Luis Montero-Muñoz ◽  
Carmen Ureña ◽  
Diego Navarro ◽  
Valentín Herrera ◽  
Pilar Alonso-Rojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Regeneration Dynamics ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Aims We studied the regeneration dynamics of woodlands and abandoned old fields in a landscape dominated by Quercus suber in its lower limits of rainfall and temperature. Two hypotheses were established: (1) regeneration of Quercus species is strongly favored by the presence of tree cover; and (2) growth of Q. suber is driven by the climatic variables that represent the lower ecological limit of its leading distribution edge. Methods We selected woodlands and old fields with and without tree remnants (n = 3 per type), and analyzed stand structure, soil parameters and tree growth. Results Succession was arrested in old fields without tree remnants. By contrast, remnant trees were accelerators of forest recovery in old fields. Tree cover played a fundamental role in Quercus recruitment throughout seed dispersal and facilitation that mitigate the effects of summer drought on seedlings. Also, tree cover improved soil parameters (e.g., organic matter) that are important factors for understanding differences in regeneration. Winter/spring precipitation exerted a positive effect on tree growth, as well as temperatures during winter/spring and September. Conclusions Regeneration dynamics are modeled by the density of tree cover in the cold and dry edge of the distribution area of Q. suber where Q. ilex is increasing in abundance. Although temperature has a positive effect on the tree growth of Q. suber, when demographic processes are considered, decreases in water availability likely play a critical role in Q. ilex recruitment. This in turn changes dominance hierarchies, especially in abandoned areas with little or no tree cover.

THE SUPPRESSION OF GROWTH RINGS IN JACK PINE IN RELATION TO DEFOLIATION BY THE SWAINE JACK-PINE SAWFLY

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. O'Neil
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Young Stand ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Dense Stand

An investigation of the radial growth of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) defoliated by the Swaine jack-pine sawfly (Neodiprion swainei Midd.) disclosed that growth rings were discontinuous and missing in cross-sectional disks from severely damaged trees. In young and open-grown trees with dead tops, the incidence of such deficiencies in radial growth was especially high in disks from upper regions of the stems, in the vicinity of the dead tops; radial growth was suspended for 1 year and subsequently resumed in disks from the lower regions of some stems. Cambial inactivity was more generalized in trees from an old and dense stand and it was detected in disks representing major portions of some of the stems sampled; the death of some trees followed 2 to 6 years of cambial inactivity in disks cut at various heights along their entire stems. Growth deficiencies in the young stand were clearly effects of severe sawfly defoliation. Data from the old, dense stand indicated that sawfly defoliation had perhaps merely hastened the gradual deterioration of the stand in which intertree competition was intense.

scholarly journals Regeneration Dynamics in Fragmented Landscapes at the Leading Edge of Distribution: Quercus Suber L. as A Study Case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Montero-Muñoz ◽  
Carmen Ureña ◽  
Diego Navarro ◽  
Valentín Herrera ◽  
Pilar Alonso-Rojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Regeneration Dynamics ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract AimsWe studied the regeneration dynamics of woodlands and abandoned old fields in a landscape dominated by Quercus suber in its lower limits for rainfall and temperature. Two hypotheses were established: (1) recruitment of Q. suber is restricted more by abiotic variations than other species adapted to more extreme Mediterranean conditions; and (2) decreases in precipitation reduce growth, but temperature positively affects growth in the leading cold edge of this species distribution area.MethodsWe selected nine sites containing forest stands and old fields with and without tree remnants, and analyzed stand structure, soil parameters and tree growth.ResultsSuccession was arrested in plots without tree remnants after cultivation abandonment. By contrast, remnant trees were accelerators of forest recovery. Tree cover played a fundamental role in Quercus recruitment throughout seed dispersal and facilitation effects that ameliorate summer drought. However, soil variables also significantly explained much of the variance observed and are important for understanding differences in regeneration. Winter and spring precipitation exerted a positive effect on tree growth, as well as temperatures during winter/spring and September.ConclusionsRegeneration dynamics are modeled by the density of tree cover in the cold and dry edge of the distribution area of Q. suber where Q. ilex is increasing in abundance. Although temperature has a positive effect on the tree growth of Q. suber, when demographic processes are considered, decreases in water availability likely play a critical role in Q. ilex recruitment. This in turn changes dominance hierarchies, especially in abandoned areas with little or no tree cover.

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