Estimating probability of intertree root contact in second-growth Douglas-fir

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Reynolds ◽  
W. J. Bloomberg
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Root Contact

The relationships of root attributes and tree, stand, and site factors to root contact between second-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were studied in excavated root systems. Type 1 contacts (tenuous) were positively related to root length and inversely related to root volume. Type 2–3 contacts (with slight to severe root deformation) were positively related to number of roots. Type 4 contacts (apparent grafts) were positively related to root number and cross-sectional area. Differentiation among groups containing no contacts. Type 1 contacts only or all contact types showed that intertree distance, tree diameter, rooting depth, soil gravel content, and percent slope were significant in determining probability of root contact.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study to compare cardiac structure and diastolic function in adolescents and young adults with youth-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy S. Shah ◽  
Scott Isom ◽  
Dana Dabelea ◽  
Ralph D’Agostino ◽  
Lawrence M. Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Youth Study ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
Diabetes In Youth

Abstract Aims To compare left ventricular structure (LV) and diastolic function in young adults with youth- onset diabetes by type, determine the prevalence of abnormal diastolic function by diabetes type using published values from age similar healthy controls, and examine the risk factors associated with diastolic function. Methods In a cross sectional analysis we compared LV structure and diastolic function from two dimensional echocardiogram in participants with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) who participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Linear models were used to examine the risk factors associated with worse diastolic function. Results Of 479 participants studied, 258 had T1D (mean age 21.2 ± 5.2 years, 60.5% non-Hispanic white, 53.9% female) and 221 had T2D (mean age 24.8 ± 4.3 years, 24.4% non-Hispanic white, 73.8% female). Median diabetes duration was 11.6 years. Participants with T2D had greater LV mass index and worse diastolic function that persisted after adjustment for differences in risk factors compared with participants with T1D (all p < 0.05). Abnormal diastolic function, quantified using healthy controls, was pronounced in both groups but greater in those with T2D than T1D (T2D: 57.7% vs T1D: 47.2%, respectively), p < 0.05. Risk factors associated with worse diastolic function included older age at diabetes diagnosis, female sex, higher BP, heart rate and HbA1c and longer diabetes duration. Conclusions LV structure and diastolic function is worse in individuals with T2D compared to T1D. However, abnormal diastolic function in seen in both groups compared to published values from age similar healthy controls.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density predictors in long-standing type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefana Catalina Bilha ◽  
Letitia Leustean ◽  
Cristina Preda ◽  
Dumitru D. Branisteanu ◽  
Laura Mihalache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Despite the increased fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) is variable in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes mellitus. We aimed at comparing independent BMD predictors in T1D, T2D and control subjects, respectively. Methods Cross-sectional case-control study enrolling 30 T1D, 39 T2D and 69 age, sex and body mass index (BMI) – matched controls that underwent clinical examination, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck) and serum determination of HbA1c and parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Results T2D patients had similar BMD compared to T1D individuals (after adjusting for age, BMI and disease duration) and to matched controls, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, diabetes duration – but not HbA1c- negatively predicted femoral neck BMD in T1D (β= -0.39, p = 0.014), while BMI was a positive predictor for lumbar spine (β = 0.46, p = 0.006) and femoral neck BMD (β = 0.44, p = 0.007) in T2D, besides gender influence. Age negatively predicted BMD in controls, but not in patients with diabetes. Conclusions Long-standing diabetes and female gender particularly increase the risk for low bone mass in T1D. An increased body weight partially hinders BMD loss in T2D. The impact of age appears to be surpassed by that of other bone regulating factors in both T1D and T2D patients.

scholarly journals Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and receptors in type 1, type 2 and type 17 inflammation in cross-sectional asthma study

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 808-811
Author(s):  
Michelle Marks ◽  
Chad Steele ◽  
Wendy C Moore ◽  
Deborah A Meyers ◽  
Brian Rector ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumour Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Death Receptor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decoy Receptor ◽  
Cellular Inflammation ◽  
Interleukin 9 ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) reportedly promotes, or conversely, resolves inflammation in asthma. In this study of TRAIL and cell receptors in sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage and biopsy from subjects in the Severe Asthma Research Program at Wake Forest, the high TRAIL group had significant increases in all leucocytes, and was associated with increased type 1, type 2 and type 17 cytokines, but not type 9 interleukin 9. Two variants at loci in the TRAIL gene were associated with higher sputum levels of TRAIL. Increased TRAIL decoy receptor R3/DcR1 was observed on sputum leucocytes compared with death receptor R1/DR4, suggesting reduced apoptosis and prolonged cellular inflammation.

scholarly journals Prevalence, morbidity and mortality of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis in the General Hospital of Playa del Carmen, México. Analysis of five years

2019 ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Argel de Jesús Concha May ◽  
Guillermo Padrón Arredondo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Introduction: Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is the underlying cause of pancreatitis in 7% of the general population and is the third cause after gallstones and alcohol. HTG may be associated with acute pancreatitis as an epiphenomenon or as a precipitant thereof. Generally, more than 75% of pancreatitis induced by hypertriglyceridemia is due to secondary causes and although these are not sufficient to elevate triglycerides to cause pancreatitis, a preexisting defect is required to obtain a TG>1000 mg/dL to induce acute pancreatitis. Material and Method: To identify the prevalence morbidity and mortality of acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia, a retrospective and cross-sectional observational clinical study was performed for a period of five years. Results: During the study period, 100 cases of acute pancreatitis of various etiologies were collected, 29 (29%) of which corresponded to acute pancreatitis of hypertriglyceridemic origin; history of risk: type 1 Diabetes mellitus one case (3.4%); Type 2 Diabetes mellitus 27 cases (24%); history of alcoholism nine cases (31%); positive smoking 4 cases (13.8%); hypertriglyceridemia 27 cases (94%); obesity 17 cases (59%); lipemic serum 19 cases (65.5%), and In-hospital stays average six days. Mortality in one case. Discussion: In the Mexican national survey of ENASUT 2012, it was found by age group that hypercholesterolemia is highest in the age groups of 50-69 years of age. (Table 1) The frequency of hyperlipidemia in patients with pancreatitis ranges from 12 to 38%, and of hypertriglyceridemia, between 4 and 53%; what is important is to define whether its presence is primary or causal, or secondary or consequence of other clinical conditions such as Diabetes mellitus, alcohol abuse, pregnancy or use of medications. The triglycerides were obtained on routine laboratory tests in our hospital and their values were steadily elevated and the hipertrigliceridemic acute pancreatitis is the principal cause instead the alcoholic acute pancreatitis. Keywords: Pancreatitis acute;Hypertriglyceridemic; Prevalence; Morbidity; Mortality

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