Alterations in vascular endothelial function in the aorta and mesenteric artery in type II diabetic rats

We used the partial protection exerted by suitable dosages of nicotinamide against the β-cytotoxic effect of streptozotocin (STZ) to create an experimental diabetic syndrome in adult rats that appears closer to type II diabetes mellitus than other available animal models. The dosage of 230 mg/kg of nicotinamide given intraperitoneally 15 min before STZ administration (65 mg/kg i.v.) yielded animals with hyperglycemia (187.8 ± 17.8 vs. 103.8 ± 2.8 mg/dL in controls; P < 0.001) and preservation of plasma insulin levels. This study assessed the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and agonist-induced contractile responses in such rats. In the thoracic aorta, the acetylcholine (ACh) induced relaxation was significantly reduced and the noradrenaline (NA) induced contractile response was significantly increased in diabetic rats compared with age-matched control rats. In the superior mesenteric artery, the ACh-induced relaxation was similar in magnitude between diabetic and age-matched control rats; however, the ACh-induced endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) type relaxation was significantly weaker in diabetic rats than in the controls. The phenylephrine (PE) induced contractile response was not different between the two groups. The plasma concentration of NOx (NO2– + NO3–) was significantly lower in diabetic rats than in control rats. We conclude that vasomotor activities in conduit arteries are impaired in this type II diabetes model.Key words: aorta, contraction, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, endothelium-mediated relaxation, mesenteric artery, type II diabetes.

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Applicability of Isolates and Fractions of Plant Extracts in Murine Models in Type II Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/3537163 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriela Diniz Pinto Coelho ◽

Vanessa Soares Martins ◽

Laura Vieira do Amaral ◽

Rômulo Dias Novaes ◽

Mariáurea Matias Sarandy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Study Groups ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type Ii ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Animal Data ◽

Plasma Insulin Levels ◽

Clinical Conditions

Type II diabetes mellitus is one of the most common public health problems worldwide. Its increasing prevalence in several countries and the difficult metabolic control of individuals with the disease justify studying strategies for primary prevention. The population has sought alternative and cheaper ways to treat the disease, including the use of plants considered medicinal by the population. In this study, we carried out a systematic review on the applicability of isolates and fractions of plant extracts in animal models in type II diabetes. A literature search was performed in MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies using other experimental animals (horses, rabbits, and monkeys) and humans as well as articles in Chinese, German, and Russian were excluded. We assessed the quality of the studies included by using the criteria described in the ARRIVE guidelines. In general, the animals that received fractions or isolates presented reduced blood glucose levels, normalization of body weight and plasma insulin levels, and reduced total triglycerides and cholesterol. In addition, we observed wide variation among the analyzed parameters, which hindered comparison between the studies found. In further studies, standardized reports and experimental design would help to establish comparable study groups and advance the overall knowledge, thus facilitating translatability from animal data to human clinical conditions.

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Elevation of Intracellular cAMP Up-Regulated Thrombomodulin mRNA in Cultured Vascular Endothelial Cells Derived from Spontaneous Type-II Diabetes Mellitus Model Rat

Endothelium ◽

10.1080/10623320600972051 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 325-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Masanori Sunagawa ◽

Seiji Shimada ◽

Kazuhiko Hanashiro ◽

Mariko Nakamura ◽

Tadayoshi Kosugi

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Intracellular Camp ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Type Ii

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Vascular endothelial growth factor levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of Type II diabetes mellitus patients with and without chronic periodontitis – A clinico-biochemical study

Nigerian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Biosciences ◽

10.4103/njecp.njecp_21_21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Patil Rujuta ◽

AR Pradeep ◽

Purva Chougule ◽

S Swathika

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Biochemical Study ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Type Ii ◽

Crevicular Fluid ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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INFLUENCE OF NEVIRAPINE ON THE PHARMACODYNAMICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS OF REPAGLINIDE IN RATS AND RABBITS

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research ◽

10.31069/japsr.v2i3.3 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 14-22

Author(s):

Sagarika Majhi ◽

Lubhan Singh

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type Ii ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Oral Doses

Introduction: Management of HIV/AIDS is gradually expanding to include the chronic and metabolic complications and the adverse effects associated with its treatments like Type II diabetes mellitus. Repaglinide is a novel oral hypoglycemic agent chemically unrelated to sulphonylureas, metformin or acarbose used for the treatment of type II diabetes. Nevirapine is widely used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of oral administration of nevirapine on blood glucose and investigate their effect on the activity of repaglinide and to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the combination. Materials and Methods: Studies in normal, diabetic rats and normal rabbits were conducted with oral doses of repaglinide, nevirapine and their combination. All the animals were fasted for 18 h prior to experimentation; during this period the animals were fed with water ad libitum. The blood samples were collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8hours in rats by retro orbital puncture and by marginal ear vein puncture in rabbits at different time intervals. Further, the samples were analyzed for glucose by glucose oxidase/peroxidase (GOD/POD) method. The rabbit blood samples were analyzed by HPLC for serum repaglinide concentration. The serum repaglinide levels and pharmacokinetic parameters of repaglinide were evaluated with multiple dose treatments of nevirapine in rabbits. Result and Discussion: Nevirapine alone have no significant effect on the blood glucose level in rats and rabbits. Repaglinide produced hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity in normal and diabetic rats with peak activity at 2 h and hypoglycemic activity in normal rabbits at 1.5 h. In combination, nevirapine reduced the effect of repaglinide in rats and rabbits. The interaction was found to be significant at both pharmacodynamic as well as at pharmacokinetic levels. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the combination of nevirapine and repaglinide may need dose adjustment and care should be taken when the combination is prescribed for their clinical benefit in diabetic patients. However, further studies are warranted.

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