Prevention of occupational asthma in OntarioThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled Young Investigators' Forum.

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Tarlo
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Asthma ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Physician Education ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Selection Of

Occupational asthma continues to be one of the most common occupational lung diseases in industrialized areas. Primary and secondary preventive measures have been well described, but there are relatively few studies to support the effectiveness of such measures, although the benefits of tertiary measures such as early recognition and removal from further exposure to a causative sensitizing agent are well recognized. In Ontario, a combined approach of preventive measures has shown effectiveness in allergy and asthma from occupational exposure to natural rubber latex. In addition, a program to reduce exposure to diisocyanates and introduce medical surveillance was associated with earlier diagnosis and fewer cases in a compensation population. However there remain barriers to the early diagnosis of occupational asthma in Ontario, especially in workers of lower education and lower income. In addition, there is recognized need for further physician education to allow early suspicion and diagnosis of occupational asthma.

An Analytical Study Carried Out to Identify Symptoms of Occupational Lung Diseases and Preventive Measures among Workers Involved in Marble Industries in Rajsamand District of Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Kalika Gupta ◽  
Mitin Parmar ◽  
Pranav Bhavsar ◽  
Milan Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases

BACKGROUND Occupational lung diseases are diseases affecting the respiratory system, including occupational asthma, black lung disease and many more. Workers exposed to marble dust stand an increased risk of suffering from asthma symptoms, chronic bronchitis, nasal inflammation and impairment of lung functions. The recognition of occupational causes can be made difficult by years of latency between exposure in the workplace and the occurrence of disease. Through this study, authors have established the importance of early identification of symptoms of occupational lung diseases and the importance of preventive measures that can be applied to reduce incidence of such diseases. METHODS This was a cross sectional community-based study conducted on 340 marble mining or cutting workers of Rajnagar [Morwar], Rajsamand district of Rajasthan, for a duration of three months. Workers were clinically examined and asked about environmental conditions and use of preventive measures through a questionnaire designed by the investigators and with the help of pamphlets and videos, educational interventions were provided. RESULTS Almost 90 % of the workers didn’t use protective measure like mask or shield. Among the 10 % workers who were using safety measures, 60 % were using face mask and 20 % were using apron at the work place. After the educational intervention given by investigators, around 63 % had started using various safety measures. CONCLUSIONS Early interventions after development of symptoms are important as they can decrease chances of further worsening of the condition. Health education, periodic health check-ups and use of protective measures are the essence in preventing occupational lung diseases. KEYWORDS Occupational Lung Disease, Cough, Marble Workers, Silicosis

scholarly journals Prevalence of symptoms of occupational lung diseases in marble cutting workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3368
Author(s):  
Ashish Shrivastava ◽  
Shashi P. Tomar ◽  
Mohit Patel
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases

Background: Occupational lung diseases occurs in the workers exposed to occupation related hazards. These include Asthma, COPD, Coal worker pneumoconiosis, Silicosis and Asbestosis. Marble cutting exposes workers to fine dust that can cause a number of pulmonary diseases. Usually these are people from rural areas and they are unaware of health hazards related to occupation. Spreading awareness is the key amongst these people. The objective of the To study the prevalence of symptoms related to occupational lung diseases in marble cutting workers, to estimate current status of preventive measures used and to assess adaptive changes after educational interventionsMethods: A cross-sectional study was done on the marble cutting workers of Bhedaghat who were exposed to dust from marble cutting. A survey of their working environment and level of awareness was done using questionnaires. The workers were questioned about their working environment, usage of local preventive measures and health related problems. They were then taught about occupational hazards and preventive techniques that can be adopted to prevent such hazards. In subsequent visits, again a survey was done on how many of them were using adaptive measures and relevant counselling was done.Results: Most common reported respiratory problem was shortness of breath 26% and utilization of preventive measures was very poor only 5% but After the 2 follow-up visits including interventional measures and health education, the percentage of workers who started using preventive measures increased from 5% to 57.77%.Conclusions: Prevention is the key to occupational lung diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment also play a major role as prolonged exposure to these risk factors may cause irreversible damage. Health education, periodic health checkups and use to protective measures are the essence in preventing occupational lung diseases.

Occupational and Environmental Lung Diseases: Diagnosis and Prevention

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora S Sack ◽  
Sverre Vedal ◽  
Joel D Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Occupational Asthma ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Occupational Lung Disease ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases

Environmental and occupational lung diseases encompass a diverse group of lung diseases caused by the inhalation of potentially harmful substances. Although workplace regulations and the changing economy in the United States have significantly decreased incidence, these diseases remain both common and associated with significant morbidity. In addition, novel exposures continue to be recognized as new causes of disease. This review provides the medical student and clinician with a framework for approaching and categorizing environmental and occupational lung disease. It also presents an in-depth discussion of the epidemiology, biological mechanisms, diagnosis, and clinical care of some of the more commonly encountered diseases. Occupational lung diseases that affect the airways, such as work-related asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and malignant neoplasms are covered. This review concludes with general strategies to help prevent disease incidence and progression.     This review contains 1 figure, 5 tables, and 56 references. Key words: bronchiolitis obliterans, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, irritant-induced occupational asthma, mesothelioma, occupational asthma, occupational lung disease, occupational lung neoplasm, work-related asthma

Occupational and Environmental Lung Diseases: Diagnosis and Prevention

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora S Sack ◽  
Sverre Vedal ◽  
Joel D Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Occupational Asthma ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Occupational Lung Disease ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases

Environmental and occupational lung diseases encompass a diverse group of lung diseases caused by the inhalation of potentially harmful substances. Although workplace regulations and the changing economy in the United States have significantly decreased incidence, these diseases remain both common and associated with significant morbidity. In addition, novel exposures continue to be recognized as new causes of disease. This review provides the medical student and clinician with a framework for approaching and categorizing environmental and occupational lung disease. It also presents an in-depth discussion of the epidemiology, biological mechanisms, diagnosis, and clinical care of some of the more commonly encountered diseases. Occupational lung diseases that affect the airways, such as work-related asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and malignant neoplasms are covered. This review concludes with general strategies to help prevent disease incidence and progression.     This review contains 1 figure, 5 tables, and 56 references. Key words: bronchiolitis obliterans, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, irritant-induced occupational asthma, mesothelioma, occupational asthma, occupational lung disease, occupational lung neoplasm, work-related asthma

What effects do mineral particles have in the lung?

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Mineral Dusts ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Selection Of

This review details a selection of occupational lung diseases, particularly fibrosis (scarring) and tumours that can arise following exposure to mineral dusts. Also described are the sequential repair processes of the lung including oedema, inflammation, epithelial changes and finally scarring. The features by which a dust can be considered bioreactive including shape, size, surface area, durability and surface chemistry is discussed together with the importance of the mass deposited in the lung and particle clearance, particularly through lymphatic drainage. Emphasis is given to the importance of surface chemistry in that crystalline minerals, especially silicas, are often highly bioreactive whereas amorphous silicas or crystalline forms that have aged in the laboratory have lesser activity. Nevertheless, all forms of crystalline silica are particularly hazardous with the long-term ability to produce irreversible disease (fibrosis) when administered to experimental animals.

The state of the cardiovascular system in occupational bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, not associated with the impact of harmful industrial factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav S. Lotkov ◽  
Anton Vladimirovich Glazistov ◽  
Antonina G. Baykova ◽  
Marina Yuryevna Vostroknutova ◽  
Natalia E. Lavrentieva
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The formation and progression of chronic dust bronchitis and chronic bronchitis of toxic-chemical etiology, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is accompanied by an increase in the degree of ventilation disorders, echocardiographic signs of hypertrophy and dilatation of the right ventricle are formed, typical for chronic pulmonary heart disease. The progression of disturbances in the function of external respiration in dusty lung diseases leads to a decrease in myocardial contractility. The detection of hemodynamic disturbances at the early stages of the development of occupational lung diseases indicates the need for individual monitoring of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in the process of contact with industrial aerosols, especially in groups of workers with long-term exposure.

Cytology of Nonneoplastic Occupational and Environmental Diseases of the Lung and Pleura

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (11) ◽  
pp. 1700-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Laucirica ◽  
Mary L. Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Cytologic Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases

Abstract Context.—Cytologic examination of the respiratory tract has been a useful diagnostic tool when evaluating neoplastic lesions of the respiratory tract. However, we have limited experience in the application of this technique in the management of nonneoplastic occupational and environmental diseases of the lung and pleura. This review focuses on the cytologic characteristics of a variety of occupational lung diseases, grouping them into 2 broad diagnostic categories: reactive cellular changes and noncellular elements. The former includes entities such as reactive mesothelial proliferation, goblet cell metaplasia, Creola bodies, and reserve cell hyperplasia, and the latter encompasses Curschmann spirals, Charcot-Leyden crystals, and asbestos bodies. Objective.—To illustrate the cytologic features of several nonneoplastic occupational and environmental diseases and correlate the cytology with various etiologic agents. Data Sources.—Case-derived material and literature review. Conclusions.—The role of cytology in the diagnosis of nonneoplastic occupational and environmental lung diseases is limited. This may be because more than one agent can elicit a similar host reaction and/or the offending agent can be associated with more than one pathologic process. However, in the appropriate clinical and radiographic setting, the cytology can render valuable diagnostic information. Examples include pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in patients with acute silicoproteinosis and asbestos bodies in bronchoalveolar lavage samples of patients with asbestos exposure.

MECHANICAL VENTILATION OF THE LUNGS WITH A TARGETED TIDAL VOLUME IN NEWBORNS AND INFANTS WITH VARIOUS LUNG DISEASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
A.V. Mostovoy ◽  
◽  
S.S. Mezhinsky ◽  
A.L. Karpova ◽  
A.N. Nikolishin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Ventilation Of The Lungs ◽  
Selection Of

The review presents and systematizes the current provisions on artificial lung ventilation (ALV) with a guaranteed or target tidal volume as the most effective and safe mode of ALV in neonatal practice. The application of this method of respiratory support is described. The authors present the main provisions on the optimal selection of the target tidal volume in various pathological conditions. The use of various modes of ALV in combination with a guaranteed tidal volume makes it possible to prevent or reduce the harmful impact of ALV in patients with acute and chronic lung pathology, in newborns and children in the first year of life.

scholarly journals Reexpansion pulmonary edema

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Henrique Genofre ◽  
Francisco S. Vargas ◽  
Lisete R. Teixeira ◽  
Marcelo Alexandre Costa Vaz ◽  
Evaldo Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Patient Handling ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Reexpansion Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Reexpansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is a rare, but frequently lethal, clinical condition. The precise pathophysiologic abnormalities associated with this disorder are still unknown, though decreased pulmonary surfactant levels and a pro-inflammatory status are putative mechanisms. Early diagnosis is crucial, since prognosis depends on early recognition and prompt treatment. Considering the high mortality rates related to RPE, preventive measures are still the best available strategy for patient handling. This review provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of RPE, with practical recommendations for adequate intervention.

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