BLOOD PLATELET FLUCTUATION CONSECUTIVE TO TRAUMA AND SURGICAL INTERVENTION IN THE RAT, A POSSIBLE STRESS EFFECT

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Latour ◽  
S. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Severe Tissue

The typical blood platelet fluctuation repeatedly observed in man following surgical interventions and characterized by thrombocytopenia during the first 2 days and thrombocytosis after 5 to 8 days, has been reproduced in rats subjected to certain procedures, provided these were accompanied by severe tissue damage. An E. coli endotoxin injected intravenously or intraperitoneally induced a similar fluctuation and markedly potentiated the effects of the tissue damage on the blood platelets. This variation in the platelet count could be a stress effect, since it was completely reproduced by forced immobilization in the absence of any gross tissue damage. Ether anesthesia seems to reduce the magnitude of this stress-induced platelet fluctuation.

Prevention by a Glucocorticoid of the Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Tendencies Consecutive to Shock and Surgical Intervention in Rat

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Renaud ◽  
J. G Latouk
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Traumatic Shock ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Endotoxemic Shock ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Thrombotic Tendency

SummaryRats pretreated with acenocoumarin present a high incidence of hemorrhages from one to three days after an endotoxemic shock or a surgical intervention. The onset of hemorrhages is concomitant with a marked decrease in the platelet count and a considerable increase in the prothrombin time and the plasma clotting time. These hemorrhages as well as the changes in the parameters examined could be completely prevented by administration of triamcinolone at high doses (4 mg/kg), 2 hrs before and 2 hrs after the shock or the intervention.Three days after the induction of a traumatic shock in hyperlipemic rats the count and adhesiveness of blood platelets was markedly increased. At this time, the intravenous injection of an endotoxin (S. typhosa lipopolysaccharide) induced a much higher incidence of large phlebothromboses in these traumatized rats than in the control animals. Here again, administration of high doses of triamcinolone could completely block the consequences of the traumatic shock, namely the changes in the platelet count and adhesiveness and the increased thrombotic tendency.

scholarly journals THE RELATION OF THE RETICULO-ENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM TO THE BLOOD PLATELET COUNT

1926 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Koster
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Very High ◽  
Blood Platelet Count ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System

1. So called blockade of the reticulo-endothelial system results in a marked increase in the platelet count. 2. The count rapidly becomes very high, shows a sharp partial recoil and then a gradual diminution even though the blockade be continued. 3. The mechanism regulating the number of platelets is a complicated one. 4. Apparently phagocytosis by cells of the reticulo-endothelial system is not the only means by which blood platelets are destroyed.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Hitung Jumlah Trombosit Menggunakan Darah Vena dan Darah Kapiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Hieronymus Rayi Prasetya ◽  
Maria Irena Dentri ◽  
Sistiyono Sistiyono
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Platelet Count

Background: Platelets play a role in hemostasis which is the body's mechanisms to prevent and stop the bleeding. Platelets participate in the effort to close the wound, so that the body does not experience a loss of blood and protected from foreign cells. Examination of the platelet count is very important in the diagnosis of diseases, one of which is the diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Examination of blood counts, especially platelets in clinical laboratories causes blood samples in use are not always the venous blood but could use capillary blood. Capillary blood samples are used primarily in pediatric patients, because the venous blood sampling is difficult, patient loads, and also shorten the time when taking blood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in counting the number of platelets using samples of blood veins and capillaries. Methods: Quantitative research with observational approach using a cross sectional study design in the 30 samples of student D3 Health Analyst STIKes To Nation Yogyakarta. Statistical methods in use are independent T test. Results: The research subjects were 30 samples of student D3 Health Analyst STIKes To Nation Yogyakarta. The results of the examination of venous blood platelet count and blood capillaries have different average values ​​are 247 530 cells / ml of blood, for blood platelets veins and 184 270 cells / ml of blood for capillary blood platelets. Spearman correlation analysis Obtained results of the examination of venous blood platelet count and blood capillaries normal distribution (p> 0.05). 0.129 venous blood platelet counts, while the number of blood platelets kapilernya 0.089. Conclusion: There is a significant difference from the results of counting the number of blood platelets using veins and capillaries, where the use of capillary blood samples showed that lower platelet counts.

Blood Platelet Count and Blood Platelet Survival in Male Stroke Prone, Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats During Ageing

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Meuleman ◽  
G.M.T. Vogel ◽  
van A.M.L. Delft
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
Blood Platelet Count

Blood platelets play probably an important role in the occurrence of stroke. We determined the survival of radiolabelled blood platelets, the blood platelet count and blood pressure in male stroke prone, spontaneously hypertensive rats during ageing. Our investigations revealed that 1) blood pressure starts to rise at an early age (8 weeks) reaching a steady state (approx. 250 mmHg) at 15-20 weeks of age, 3) blood platelet count is steadily decreasing from 9 weeks of age on, reaching a steady state (approx. 50% of the original platelet count) at 20 weeks of age, 3) blood platelet survival is gradually shortening from 12 weeks of age on, reaching a steady shortened half-life of 18 hours (normal value approx. 42 hours). It is concluded that the rise in blood pressure induces at first instance a moderately increased platelet consumption, which is not compensated by an increased platelet production and which is not detectable by platelet survival measurement. In a later phase, when the blood pressure is in a steady state, platelet consumption is further increased, leading to significantly shortened platelet survivals. This process is then compensated by increased platelet production leading to a steady state thrombocytopenia.

TREATMENT OF RAISED BLOOD PRESSURE WITH NISOLDIPINE REDUCES "SPONTANEOUS" PLATELET AGGREGATION IN WHOLE BLOOD

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Wilson ◽  
M A Orchard ◽  
A A Spencer ◽  
J A Davies ◽  
C R M Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Spontaneous Aggregation

Hypertensive patients are at risk of premature vascular disease, and abnormalplatelet function in hypertensive subjects may contribute to vascular damage. Ina placebo controlled, double blind, cross over study, we have investigated theeffect of treatment of moderate hypertension with nisoldipine (a 1,4, dihydropyridine calcium antagonist) on several aspects of platelet function. In 12 hypertensive subjects, venous blood samples were taken for platelet count, PCV, βTG, PF4, and aggregation to standard doses of ADP and adrenaline in whole blood. Platelet aggregation in whole blood which occurred during processing (spontaneous aggregation) was also recorded. Samples were collected on four occasions: after 4 weeks treatment with placebo (A), after 6 weeks and 12 weeks of the crossover phase with either nisoldipine (B) or placebo (C), and finally after re-establishment of blood pressure control on routine therapy (D). Nisoldipine was effective in lowering blood pressure, with mean values during the 4 treatment phases of: A 119 mmHg, B 104 mmHg (p < 0.01), C 114 mnHg, D 103 mmHg. Neither nisoldipine nor routine treatment significantly affected platelet count, PCV, βTG, PF4 or aggregation in whole blood to adrenalin or ADP. "Spontaneous aggregation" in whole blood however, was significantly inhibited by reduction in blood pressure during treatment both with nisoldipine and routine drugs. Treatment of hypertension appears to raise the threshold of blood platelets for aggregation regardless of the pharmacological agent used.

Platelet Aggregation in Rats in Relation to Hyperuricaemia Induced by Dietary Single-Cell Protein and to Protein Deficiency

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 346-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Winocour ◽  
M R Turner ◽  
T G Taylor ◽  
K A Munday
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Blood Platelet Count ◽  
Rat Platelets

SummaryA major limitation to single-cell protein (SCP) as a human food is its high nucleic acid content, the purine moiety of which is metabolised to uric acid. Rats given a Fusarium mould as a source of SCP in diets containing oxonate, a uricase inhibitor, showed elevated plasma and kidney uric acid concentrations after 21 d, which were related to the level of dietary mould. ADP-induced and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was greater in the hyperuricaemic rats than in controls and a progressive increase in aggregation with increasing levels of dietary mould was observed. Furthermore a time-lag, exceeding the life-span of rat platelets, was observed between the development of hyperuricaemia and the increase in aggregation. A similar time-lag was observed between the lowering of the hyperuricaemia and the reduction of platelet aggregation when oxonate was removed from the diet.If human platelets react to uric acid in the same manner as rat platelets this might explain the link that has been suggested between hyperuricaemia and ischaemic heart disease. In that event diets high in nucleic acids might be contra-indicated in people at risk from ischaemic heart disease.In rats given a low protein diet (50 g casein/kg) for 21 d ADP-induced and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and whole blood platelet count were reduced compared with control animals receiving 200 g casein/kg diet but not in rats given 90 or 130 g casein/kg diet. A study of the time course on this effect indicated that the reduction both in aggregation tendency and in whole blood platelet count occurred after 4 d of feeding the low protein diet. These values were further reduced with time.

The Effect of Calcium and Magnesium on Rabbit Blood Platelet Aggregation in Vitro

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 179-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torstein Hovig
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Rabbit Blood ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Blood Platelet Aggregation

SummaryThe effect of calcium and magnesium on the aggregation of rabbit blood platelets in vitro was studied, with the following results:1. Platelet aggregation induced by ADP or collagen could be prevented by EGTA or EDTA. The aggregating effect was restored by recalcification. The effect was also restored by addition of magnesium in EDTA-PRP, but not in EGTA-PRP unless a surplus of calcium was present.2. Calcium remained in concentrations of the order of 0.15–0.25 mM after dialysis or cation exchange of plasma. Aggregation of washed platelets resuspended in such plasma could not be produced with ADP or collagen, unless the calcium concentration was increased or that magnesium was added.3. The adhesiveness of blood platelets to collagen was reduced in EGTA-PRP and EDTA-PRP. Release of ADP from platelets influenced by collagen could not be demonstrated either in EGTA-PRP (presence of magnesium) or in EDTA-PRP.4. It is concluded that calcium is a necessary factor both for the reaction leading to release of ADP and for the the aggregation produced by ADP.5. Thrombin induced aggregation of washed platelets suspended in tris-buffered saline in the presence of calcium. No effect of magnesium could be observed unless small quantities of calcium were present.

HOSPITAL INFECTION IN SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Dinh Tan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: To study nosocomial infections and identify the main agents causing hospital infections at Hue University Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 385 patients with surgical interventions. Results: The prevalence of hospital infections was 5.2%, surgical site infection was the most common (60%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (35%), urinary tract infections (5%). Surgical site infection (11.6%) in dirty surgery. There were 3 bacterial pathogens isolated, including Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcusspp (25%). Conclusion: Surgical site infection was high in hospital-acquired infections. Key words: hospital infections, surgical intervention, surgical site infection, bacteria

Do People Trust in Robot-Assisted Surgery? Evidence from Europe (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Torrent-Sellens ◽  
Ana Jiménez-Zarco ◽  
Francesc Saigí-Rubió
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Robot Assisted Surgery

BACKGROUND Increasingly intelligent and autonomous robots are destined to have a huge impact on our society. Their adoption, however, represents a major change to the healthcare sector’s traditional practices, which, in turn, poses certain challenges. To what extent is it possible to foresee a near-future scenario in which minor routine surgery is directed by robots? And what are the patients’ or general public’s perceptions of having surgical procedures performed on them by robots, be it totally or partially? A patient’s trust in robots and AI may facilitate the spread and use of such technologies. OBJECTIVE The goal of our study was to establish the factors that influence how people feel about having a medical operation performed on them by a robot. METHODS We used data from a 2017 Flash Eurobarometer (number 460) of European Commission with 27,901 citizens aged 15 years and over in the 28 countries of the European Union. The research designs and tests a technology acceptance model (TAM). Logistic regression (odds ratios, OR) to model the predictors of trust in robot-assisted surgery was calculated through motivational factors, robots using experience and sociodemographic independent variables. RESULTS The negative relationship between most of the predictors of ease of use, expected benefits and attitude towards robots, and confidence in robot-assisted surgery was contrasted. The only non-sociodemographic predictor variable that has a positive relationship with trust in robots participating in a surgical intervention is previous experience in the use of robots. In this context, we analyze the confidence predictors for three different levels of robot use experience (zero use, average use, and high use). The results obtained indicate that, as the experience of using robots increases, the predictive coefficients related to information, attitude and perception of robots become more negative. Research results also determined that variables of a sociodemographic nature played an important predictive role. It was confirmed that the effect of experience on trust in robots for surgical interventions was greater among men, people between 40 and 54 years old, and those with higher educational levels. CONCLUSIONS Despite the considerable benefits for the patient that the use of robots can bring in a surgical intervention, the results obtained show that trust in robots goes beyond rational decision-making. By contrasting the reasons that generate trust and mistrust in robots, especially by highlighting the experience of use as a key element, the research makes a new contribution to the state of the art and draws practical implications of the use of robots for health policy and practice.

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