Dietary tyrosine supplementation enhances weight gain in streptozotocin-diabetic rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 781-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Theresa Glanville ◽  
G. Harvey Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Protein Diets

The effect of dietary protein concentration and tyrosine supplementation on growth in streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, ip) diabetic rats was evaluated. When rats were fed diets ranging from 15 to 60% protein, weight gain and feed efficiency were greatest in rats fed the 45% protein diet. Adding tyrosine to this diet (8%, incorporated as a percentage of protein) did not promote further weight gain relative to nonsupplemented diabetic animals. In contrast, rats choosing 45% of total calories as protein by selecting from 10 and 60% protein diets supplemented with either 0, 4, or 8% tyrosine demonstrated a 35% (4% tyrosine) to 45% (8% tyrosine) increase in weight gain. Proximate analysis indicated similar body composition in tyrosine supplemented and nonsupplemented diabetic animals. Including tryptophan (1.45%) with tyrosine in the self-selection diet was without effect. Thus, tyrosine supplementation promoted a modest but consistent and specific increase in weight gained by self-selecting diabetic rats.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DIETARY PROTEIN ON PLASMA 5α-ANDROSTENONE CONCENTRATIONS IN YOUNG BOARS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. GOWAN ◽  
R. NARENDRAN ◽  
R. J. ETCHES
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Young Boars ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Nineteen individually-penned Yorkshire boars, averaging 23 kg, were used to evaluate the effect of feeding 15, 17, 19 and 21% crude protein diets on plasma 5α-androstenone concentrations up to 100 kg liveweight. Although the protein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected cumulative weight gain, the results indicated that the dietary protein concentration had no effect on plasma concentrations of 5α-androstenone.

Sucrose-induced obesity: effect of diet on obesity and brown adipose tissue

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. R158-R166 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Kanarek ◽  
J. R. Aprille ◽  
E. Hirsch ◽  
L. Gualtiere ◽  
C. A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups and fed diets containing either 10, 20, or 40% protein for 56 days. Half of the rats in each dietary condition were given a 32% sucrose solution plus the standard diet and water. Sucrose intake varied directly as a function of dietary protein levels. Rats fed either the 10 or 20% protein diet and sucrose had higher caloric intakes, gained more weight, were more efficient at using calories for weight gain, and had more adipose tissue than rats given the same diet without sucrose. Rats fed the 40% protein diet and sucrose did not exhibit overeating, excess weight gain, or increased feed efficiency relative to animals fed the 40% diet alone. Animals given sucrose had more interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) and a greater metabolic potential for thermogenesis in IBAT as determined by GDP binding in mitochondria than rats not fed sucrose. These results demonstrate that dietary protein is important in the development of sucrose-induced obesity and that increases in IBAT mass and activity can occur concomitant with increased feed efficiency.

scholarly journals Optimum dietary protein requirement for Amazonian Tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818, fed fish meal free diets

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Oishi ◽  
Lawrence C Nwanna ◽  
Manoel Pereira Filho
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Protein Requirement ◽  
Ammonia Content ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Final Weight

Fish meal free diets were formulated to contain graded protein levels as 25% (diet 1), 30% (diet 2), 35% (diet 3) and 40% (diet 4). The diets were fed to tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomum) (46.4 ± 6.3g) in randomly designed recirculating systems for 60 days, to determine the optimum protein requirement for the fish. The final weight of the fish, weight gain (28.1, 28.5, 32.2, 28.0g) and specific growth rate increased (P>0.05) consistently with increasing dietary protein up to treatment with 35% protein diet and then showed a declining trend. Feed intake followed the same trend resulting in best feed efficiency (62.5%) in fish fed diet with 35% protein. Similarly, the protein intake increased significantly with increasing dietary protein levels and reduced after the fish fed with 35% protein; while protein efficiency ratio (2.28, 1.99, 1.87, 1.74) decreased with increasing dietary protein levels. Carcass ash and protein had linear relationship with dietary protein levels while the lipid showed a decreasing trend. Ammonia content (0.68, 0.73, 0.81, 1.21 mg L-1) of the experimental waters also increased (P<0.05) with increasing protein levels while pH, dissolved oxygen and temperature remained fairly constant without any clear pattern of inclination. Broken-line estimation of the weight gain indicated 30% protein as the optimum requirement for the fish.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF GROWING GUINEA FOWLS (NUMIDA MELEAGRIS) TO DIETARY L-LYSINE SUPPLEMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
T. OGUNTONA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Protein Diets

In two experiments, the performance of growing (day 1-6 weeks) guinea fowls, given 20 and 22.5% dietary protein supplemented with graded levels of lysine, was compared with control (25% protein birds). Weight gain, feed conversion and nitrogen retention were significantly (P.05) better in the control than other treatments at both 4 and 6 weeks of age. There was no growth response to 0.05% lysine supplementation in any of the diets. Supplementation of the 20% protein diets with 0.5% lysine produced significant (P.05) weight gains at both 4 and 6 weeks of age. However, supplementation of 22.5% protein diet with 0.5% lysine produced significant (P.05) weight gains, only, at 6 weeks. Best performances were obtained when total dietary lysine level was between 1.6% and 1.8% of the diet.

Corrigendum to: IGF-I is not a useful marker for nutritional status in the growing pig under commercial conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
L. Ma ◽  
F. R. Dunshea ◽  
Y. M. Brockwell ◽  
R. L. Inglis ◽  
D. J. Kingston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Protein Diets

Plasma hormone concentrations were measured in gilts after fasting, long-term protein restriction, or supplementation. In 11-week-old pigs fasted overnight, plasma insulin, glucagon, gastrin, urea, and glucose were increased 30 min after re-feeding (P < 0.05), whereas IGF-I did not change. In 16-week-old gilts fed a standard commercial diet [14.6% crude protein (CP)], or a high-protein diet (16.7% CP) for 4 weeks, the high-protein diet increased weight gain (13%; P < 0.05) and carcass weight (4%; P < 0.05), but did not alter plasma IGF-I, insulin, or glucagon. In 10-week-old gilts fed high-protein diets (19.4% and 18.3% CP), or low-protein diets (15.5% and 13.3% CP) for 12 weeks during the grower and finisher phases, respectively, the low-protein diet decreased weight gain (18%; P < 0.001) and carcass weight (11%; P < 0.01), with a marked increase in plasma glucagon (P < 0.05), no change in insulin, and only a trend towards decreased IGF-I (P = 0.1). The pigs were more sensitive to altered dietary protein at 10 weeks of age than at 16 weeks. Plasma IGF-I was not responsive to the short-term effects of feeding or the long-term effects of dietary protein. Glucagon could provide a useful marker for nutritional status in young pigs, provided that time of feeding is taken into account.

Protein synthesis in liver and small intestine in protein deprivation and diabetes

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (3) ◽  
pp. E238-E245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. McNurlan ◽  
P. J. Garlick
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Protein Deprivation ◽  
Protein Pool ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

Protein synthesis (as a percent of the protein pool synthesized per day) has been measured in liver and small intestine of young male rats from the incorporation of 100 mumol [1–14C]leucine/100 g body wt into protein over 10 min. Dietary protein deprivation for 8 days depressed protein synthesis in liver (30%), jejunal mucosa (20%), and jejunal serosa (25%). In serosa, reduced levels of RNA relative to protein could account for altered synthesis; in liver and mucosa, the amount of protein synthesized per unit RNA was reduced. In liver of streptozotocin-diabetic rats protein synthesis was depressed 45%, whereas it was maintained in jejunal mucosa and serosa. Depressed synthesis in liver was accompanied by both a loss of RNA relative to protein and a reduction in the protein synthesized per RNA.

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