Ambient temperature effects on physiological traits of white-tailed deer

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Holter ◽  
W. E. Urban Jr. ◽  
H. H. Hayes ◽  
H. Silver ◽  
H. R. Skutt
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Wind Chill ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Energy Equilibrium ◽  
Body Energy

Six adult white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus borealis) were exposed to 165 periods of 12 consecutive hours of controlled constant ambient temperature in an indirect respiration calorimeter. Temperatures among periods varied from 38 to 0 (summer) or to −20C (fall, winter, spring). Traits measured were energy expenditure (metabolic rate), proportion of time spent standing, heart rate, and body temperature, the latter two using telemetry. The deer used body posture extensively as a means of maintaining body energy equilibrium. Energy expenditure was increased at low ambient temperature to combat cold and to maintain relatively constant body temperature. Changes in heart rate paralleled changes in energy expenditure. In a limited number of comparisons, slight wind chill was combatted through behavioral means with no effect on energy expenditure. The reaction of deer to varying ambient temperatures was not the same in all seasons of the year.

The telemetric monitoring of heart rate, locomotor activity, and body temperature in mice and voles (Microtus arvalis) during ambient temperature changes

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ishii ◽  
M. Kuwahara ◽  
H. Tsubone ◽  
S. Sugano
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Behavioural Responses

We have studied the physiological and behavioural responses in small rodents to ambient alterations. For this purpose, voles and mice were exposed to relatively low (12°C) and high (35°C) ambient temperatures, and heart rate (HR), locomotor activity (LA) and body temperature (BT) were recorded using telemetry system. The control HR (at 24°C) of voles was lower than that of mice. The 'heat exposure' decreased HR to 85.0±3.3% in voles, and to 78.0±3.2% in mice compared with the mean HR of the same time in the control day. The 'cold exposure' increased the HR to 131.9±8.8% in voles, and 119±10.9% in mice. The decreasing rate of HR in heat exposure was smaller in voles than mice, and in cold exposure the increased rate was larger in voles than mice. Cold exposure decreased BT in both species; 96.1±0.5% in voles and 93.7±1.0% in mice. The LA was not changed significantly by heat exposure in either species, but was partially increased by cold exposure. These results demonstrate that telemetry was helpful for qualitative and quantitative behavioural studies in small rodents, and confirmed that the physiological and behavioural responses to ambient temperature changes differed between these animals.

Heart rate and energy expenditure in resting and running Svalbard and Norwegian reindeer

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (6) ◽  
pp. R963-R967 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Nilssen ◽  
H. K. Johnsen ◽  
A. Rognmo ◽  
A. S. Blix
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Svalbard Reindeer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a convenient relationship could be found between heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure at rest and during running in the high arctic Svalbard reindeer (SR) and the subarctic Norwegian reindeer (NR). Measurements of HR and energy expenditure (O2 consumption) were made at different ambient temperatures, at rest, and during running at different speeds during both summer and winter. Cost of transportation (Science 177: 222-228, 1972) was 3.56 and 2.67 J X g-1 X km-1 in SR and NR, respectively. The y-intercept value obtained for NR was close to the predicted value (J. Exp. Biol. 97: 1-22, 1982), whereas that of SR was much lower. In NR the relationship between HR and energy expenditure at running speeds from 0 to 9.2 km X h-1 is, regardless of ambient temperature (in the -30 to +10 degrees C range), described by the following equations: y = 8.04x + 48.70, r = 0.92, n = 27 (summer); and y = 7.48x + 31.20, r = 0.95, n = 52 (winter). In SR, the corresponding equations were y = 7.60x + 49.20, r = 0.94, n = 29 (summer); and y = 8.90x + 32.10, r = 0.96, n = 44 (winter), where y is HR (beats X min-1) and x is metabolic rate (W X kg-1).

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of the Ambient Temperature toward the Quality of Sleep

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2986
Author(s):  
Wira Hidayat bin Mohd Saad ◽  
Khoo Chin Wuen ◽  
Masrullizam bin Mat Ibrahim ◽  
Nor Hashimah Binti Mohd Saad ◽  
Syafeeza Binti Ahmad Radz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
The Right

Getting enough sleep at the right times can help in improving quality of life and protect mental and physical health. This study proposes a portable sleep monitoring device to determine the relationship between the ambient temperature and quality of sleep. Body condition parameter such as heart rate, body temperature and body movement was used to determine quality of sleep. All readings will be log into database so that users can review back and hence analyze quality of sleep. The functionality of the overall system is designed for a better experience with a very minimal intervention to the user. The simple test on the body condition (body temperature and heart rate) while asleep with several different ambient temperatures are varied and the result shows that someone has a better sleep for the temperature range of 23 to 28 degree Celsius. This can prove by lower body temperature and lower heart rate.

Influence of sudden temperature changes on oxygen consumption and heart rate in chickens in light and dark environments

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Van Kampen ◽  
B. W. Mitchell ◽  
H. S. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation

SummarySeven-week-old White Rock males were exposed to step-wise increases in ambient temperatures from 7·7 to 37·7 °C in light and dark environments. Heart rate decreased with increasing ambient temperature with a quadratic slope (P ≤ 0·0001). Heart rate was lower during the dark period than during the light period (P ≤ 0·06). There was a positive linear correlation between heart rate and oxygen consumption (γ = 0·997) for ambient temperatures from 7·7 to 37·7 °C.Body temperatures began to increase significantly when ambient temperature reached beyond 27·5 °C. The increases followed a quadratic slope (P ≤ 0·0001). Body temperatures during the light period were significantly higher than during the dark period (P ≤ 0·05).

scholarly journals Body Temperatures in Some Australian Mammals II.Peramelidae

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Diurnal Temperature

Body temperature measurements on the short-nosed bandicoot (Thylacis obeaulus) have shown a nocturnal cycle with a range of 1� 2�C and a short active phase at 2200-0400 hr. The bilby or rabbit bandicoot (Macrotis lagoti8) had a sharply defined temperature cycle, with a range of almost 3�C after several months of captivity, during which the day-time resting temperature was progressively lowered from 36� 4 to 34� 2�C. Forced activity raised the diurnal temperature substantially but not to the nocturnal level. Forced activity did not raise the nocturnal level which was similar in the two species (37' O�C). Both species could regulate effectively at an ambient temperature of 5�C, but only Thylaci8 showed regulation at ambient temperatures of between 30 and 40�C.

Parasympathetic influence on heart rate in euthermic and hibernating ground squirrels.

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Harris ◽  
W K Milsom
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Inotropic Effects ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Isolated Hearts ◽  
C 32

The relative role of the parasympathetic nervous system during deep hibernation is enigmatic. Conflicting hypotheses exist, and both sides draw support from investigations of vagal influence on the heart. Recent studies have shown cardiac chronotropic and inotropic effects of parasympathetic stimulation and inhibition in isolated hearts and anesthetized animals at hibernating body temperatures. No studies, however, have demonstrated such occurrences in undisturbed deeply hibernating animals. The present study documents respiratory-related alterations in heart rate during euthermia and hibernation at ambient temperatures of 15, 10 and 5 degrees C mediated by parasympathetic influence. During quiet wakefulness, euthermic squirrels breathed continuously and exhibited a 29% acceleration in heart rate during inspiration. During deep undisturbed hibernation, at 15, 10 and 5 degrees C ambient temperature, animals exhibited an episodic breathing pattern and body temperatures were slightly above ambient temperature. At each temperature, heart rate during the respiratory episode was greater than that during the apnea. The magnitude of this ventilatory tachycardia decreased with ambient temperature, being 108% at 15 degrees C, 32% at 10 degrees C and 11.5% at 5 degrees C. Animals exposed to 3% CO2 at 5 degrees C, which significantly increased ventilation, still exhibited an 11.7% increase in heart rate during breathing. Thus, the magnitude of the ventilation tachycardia was independent of the level of ventilation, at least over the range studied. Inhibition of vagus nerve conduction at 5 degrees C was achieved using localized nerve block. This led to an increase in apneic heart rate and abolished the ventilatory tachycardia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of energy expenditure at different ambient temperatures in mice lacking DGAT1

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (1) ◽  
pp. E213-E218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert C. Chen ◽  
Zuleika Ladha ◽  
Steven J. Smith ◽  
Robert V. Farese
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Cold Environment ◽  
Normal Surface ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Active Mechanism ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Secondary Mechanism ◽  
Obesity Resistance

Mice lacking acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), a key enzyme in triglyceride synthesis, have increased energy expenditure and therefore are resistant to obesity. Because ambient temperature can significantly affect energy expenditure in mice, we undertook these studies to determine the effects of different ambient temperatures on energy expenditure, food intake, and thermoregulation in DGAT1-deficient [ Dgat1(−/−)] mice. Dgat1(−/−) mice had increased energy expenditure irrespective of changes in the ambient temperature. Although core temperature was normal, surface temperature was increased in Dgat1(−/−) mice, most likely reflecting an active mechanism to dissipate heat from increased thermogenesis. Dgat1(−/−) mice had increased food intake at baseline, and this hyperphagia became more pronounced upon exposure to cold. When fasted in a cold environment, Dgat1(−/−) mice developed hypothermia, which was associated with hypoglycemia. These results suggest that the hyperphagia in Dgat1(−/−) mice is a secondary mechanism that compensates for the increased utilization of fuel substrates. Our findings offer insights into the mechanisms of hyperphagia and increased energy expenditure in a murine model of obesity resistance.

The effect of treadmill slope on the relationship between heart rate and energy expenditure in cattle walking on treadmills

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Sneddon
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Working Heart

SummaryTwo steers (Bos indicus and Bos indicus x Bos taurus) were acclimatized to an ambient temperature of 30 °C before working at this temperature on two treadmills (gradients 0 and 6°) for 2 h (one on each treadmill) whilst carrying a load equivalent to 10% of body weight. The study was then repeated at an ambient temperature of 15 °C. The effect of variation between animals, ambient temperature and rate of energy expenditure were tested on the linear regression model EEw = A PHR + B (where EEw is the energy expenditure (w/kg0·75) and PHR is the percentage increase of working heart rate over resting heart rate).Animal and ambient temperature had no significant effect on the model. The gradient of the regression line was significantly greater (P < 0·01) when the animals were expending energy at the higher rate (about 30 W/kg live weight0·75) than when they were expending energy at the lower rate (about 14 W/kg live weight0·75).

scholarly journals Heart rate reveals torpor at high body temperatures in lowland tropical free-tailed bats

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 171359 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Teague O'Mara ◽  
Sebastian Rikker ◽  
Martin Wikelski ◽  
Andries Ter Maat ◽  
Henry S. Pollock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Molossus Molossus

Reduction in metabolic rate and body temperature is a common strategy for small endotherms to save energy. The daily reduction in metabolic rate and heterothermy, or torpor, is particularly pronounced in regions with a large variation in daily ambient temperature. This applies most strongly in temperate bat species (order Chiroptera), but it is less clear how tropical bats save energy if ambient temperatures remain high. However, many subtropical and tropical species use some daily heterothermy on cool days. We recorded the heart rate and the body temperature of free-ranging Pallas' mastiff bats ( Molossus molossus ) in Gamboa, Panamá, and showed that these individuals have low field metabolic rates across a wide range of body temperatures that conform to high ambient temperature. Importantly, low metabolic rates in controlled respirometry trials were best predicted by heart rate, and not body temperature . Molossus molossus enter torpor-like states characterized by low metabolic rate and heart rates at body temperatures of 32°C, and thermoconform across a range of temperatures. Flexible metabolic strategies may be far more common in tropical endotherms than currently known.

scholarly journals Preoptic leptin signaling modulates energy balance independent of body temperature regulation

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangho Yu ◽  
Helia Cheng ◽  
Marie François ◽  
Emily Qualls-Creekmore ◽  
Clara Huesing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Energy State ◽  
Body Temperature Regulation ◽  
Leptin Signaling

The adipokine leptin acts on the brain to regulate energy balance but specific functions in many brain areas remain poorly understood. Among these, the preoptic area (POA) is well known to regulate core body temperature by controlling brown fat thermogenesis, and we have previously shown that glutamatergic, long-form leptin receptor (Lepr)-expressing neurons in the POA are stimulated by warm ambient temperature and suppress energy expenditure and food intake. Here we further investigate the role of POA leptin signaling in body weight regulation and its relationship to body temperature regulation in mice. We show that POA Lepr signaling modulates energy expenditure in response to internal energy state, and thus contributes to body weight homeostasis. However, POA leptin signaling is not involved in ambient temperature-dependent metabolic adaptations. Our study reveals a novel cell population through which leptin regulates body weight.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document