ANALYSING SPANISH DAILY ENERGY DEMAND BY PROGRAMMING A GRAPHICAL IMPLEMENTATION WITH R

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSE MANUEL VELASCO ◽  
BEATRIZ GONZÁLEZ-PÉREZ ◽  
GUADALUPE MIÑANA ◽  
VICTORIA LÓPEZ ◽  
RAQUEL CARO
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Daily Energy

scholarly journals A New Vision on the Prosumers Energy Surplus Trading Considering Smart Peer-to-Peer Contracts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan-Constantin Neagu ◽  
Ovidiu Ivanov ◽  
Gheorghe Grigoras ◽  
Mihai Gavrilas
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
New Vision ◽  
The Government ◽  
Energy Surplus

A growing number of households benefit from the government subsidies to install renewable generation facilities such as PV panels, used to gain independence from the grid and provide cheap energy. In the Romanian electricity market, these prosumers can sell their generation surplus only at regulated prices, back to the grid. A way to increase the number of prosumers is to allow them to make higher profit by selling this surplus back into the local network. This would also be an advantage for the consumers, who could pay less for electricity exempt from network tariffs and benefitting from lower prices resulting from the competition between prosumers. One way of enabling this type of trade is to use peer-to-peer contracts traded in local markets, run at microgrid (μG) level. This paper presents a new trading platform based on smart peer-to-peer (P2P) contracts for prosumers energy surplus trading in a real local microgrid. Several trading scenarios are proposed, which give the possibility to perform trading based on participants’ locations, instantaneous active power demand, maximum daily energy demand and the principle of first come first served implemented in an anonymous blockchain trading ledger. The developed scheme is tested on a low-voltage (LV) microgrid model to check its feasibility of deployment in a real network. A comparative analysis between the proposed scenarios, regarding traded quatities and financial benefits is performed.

scholarly journals Wavelet Analysis of Daily Energy Demand and Weather Variables

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Abdou Latif Bonkaney ◽  
Ibrah Seidou Sanda ◽  
Ahmed A. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Wavelet Transform Coherence ◽  
Average Coherence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

In this paper, we applied the Wavelet Transform Coherence (WTC) and phase analysis to analyze the relationship between the daily electricity demand (DED) and weather variables such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and radiation. The DED data presents both seasonal fluctuations and increasing trend while the weather variables depict only seasonal variation. The results obtained from the WTC and phase analysis permit us to detect the period of time when the DED significantly correlates with the weather variables. We found a strong seasonal interdependence between the air temperature and DED for a periodicity of 256-512 days and 128-256 days. The relationship between the humidity and DED also shows a significant interdependence for a periodicity of 256-512 days with average coherence equal to 0.8. Regarding the radiation and wind speed, the correlation is low with average coherence less than 0.5. These results provide an insight into the properties of the impacts of weather variables on electricity demand on the basis of which power planners can rely to improve their forecasting and planning of electricity demand.

scholarly journals Analysis of Daily Energy Demand for Cooling in Buildings with Different Comfort Categories—Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4694
Author(s):  
Imre Csáky
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
High Heat ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Radiant Temperature ◽  
Heat Loads

Climate change has a potential impact on the number of hot and torrid days in the summer period. Due to the occupants’ comfort needs, and because of the high heat loads during the summer period, in several European countries, the energy used for air conditioning in buildings increased. With multiple environmental monitoring systems (Testo Saveris) in two similar offices, having west and east orientation of glazing, 1920 data (internal air, mean radiant temperature) related to operative temperature were collected in order to show the differences between heat loads of rooms with similar geometry in the same building. Data were measured in a 15 min interval. The diffuse and direct solar radiation had been determined for the horizontal and vertical surfaces, using the measured hourly global radiation (Debrecen, Hungary) data for the analyzed days (summer, hot, and torrid days). The local climatic results were compared with other climatic days used in different national standards. The daily energy need for cooling for different building comfort categories was also determined in the case of the representative days. The maximum daily energy need for cooling can be even 2.3 times higher for east orientation in comparison to the west orientation of the facades.

scholarly journals Low Voltage Daily Energy Demand Temperature Dependent Representation by Using Circular Statistics

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Pucheta Julián ◽  
Salas Carlos ◽  
Piumetto Miguel ◽  
Herrera Martín ◽  
Rodriguez Rivero Cristian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Daily Energy

scholarly journals Energy Audit of Asejire Community for a Small Hydropower Scheme

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide C Savage ◽  
Adebayo Fadairo ◽  
Isaac Obembe ◽  
Abraham Akinwale ◽  
Adebamiji Oyelekan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
National Development ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Daily Energy

Energy is an important infrastructure for national development. In Nigeria the erratic power supply experienced, and especially in rural areas is an important concern. Energy audit is the assessment of the energy need and efficiency of a building. Hence, energy audit of Asejire community was conducted for developing a small hydropower scheme (SHP) for power generation. The household appliances used were determined, the appliances consuming the most energy in a rural setting were identified, buildings with high energy consumption were identified; and their energy need was evaluated. 1817 kW h was the daily energy consumption of the Asejire community with houses being the most energy consuming buildings by the community, while Nigerian Bottling Company (NBC) an industry in Asejire town had an average daily energy consumption of 29700 kW h. This gave a daily total energy consumption of 31517 kW h with a rated power of 1.389 MW. The energy need of the Asejire Community can be solved with the incorporation of a Small Hydropower Scheme (SHP) by utilizing the Asejire dam and thereby matching their energy demand with the energy supply from the Small Hydropower Scheme (SHP).

scholarly journals A Novel Numerical Algorithm for Optimal Sizing of a Photovoltaic/Wind/Diesel Generator/Battery Microgrid Using Loss of Load Probability Index

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein A. Kazem ◽  
Tamer Khatib
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Daily Energy

This paper presents a method for determining optimal sizes of PV array, wind turbine, diesel generator, and storage battery installed in a building integrated system. The objective of the proposed optimization is to design the system that can supply a building load demand at minimum cost and maximum availability. The mathematical models for the system components as well as meteorological variables such as solar energy, temperature, and wind speed are employed for this purpose. Moreover, the results showed that the optimum sizing ratios (the daily energy generated by the source to the daily energy demand) for the PV array, wind turbine, diesel generator, and battery for a system located in Sohar, Oman, are 0.737, 0.46, 0.22, and 0.17, respectively. A case study represented by a system consisting of 30 kWp PV array (36%), 18 kWp wind farm (55%), and 5 kVA diesel generator (9%) is presented. This system is supposed to power a 200 kWh/day load demand. It is found that the generated energy share of the PV array, wind farm, and diesel generator is 36%, 55%, and 9%, respectively, while the cost of energy is 0.17 USD/kWh.

scholarly journals A New Vision on the Prosumers Energy Surplus Trading Considering Smart Peer-to-Peer Contracts

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan-Constantin Neagu ◽  
Ovidiu Ivanov ◽  
Gheorghe Grigoras ◽  
Mihai Gavrilas
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Energy Surplus

A growing number of households benefit from government subsidies to install renewable generation facilities such as PV panels, used to gain independence from the grid and provide cheap energy. In the Romanian electricity market, these prosumers can sell their generation surplus only at regulated prices, back to the grid. A way to increase the number of prosumers is to allow them to make higher profit by selling this surplus back into the local network. This would also be an advantage for the consumers, who could pay less for electricity exempt from network tariffs and benefit from lower prices resulting from the competition between prosumers. One way of enabling this type of trade is to use peer-to-peer contracts traded in local markets, run at microgrid (μG) level. This paper presents a new trading platform based on smart peer-to-peer (P2P) contracts for prosumers energy surplus trading in a real local microgrid. Several trading scenarios are proposed, which give the possibility to perform trading based on participants’ locations, instantaneous active power demand, maximum daily energy demand, and the principle of first come first served implemented in an anonymous blockchain trading ledger. The developed scheme is tested on a low-voltage (LV) microgrid model to check its feasibility of deployment in a real network. A comparative analysis between the proposed scenarios, regarding traded quatities and financial benefits is performed.

scholarly journals SIMULASI OPTIMASI KAPASITAS PLTS ATAP UNTUK RUMAH TANGGA DI SURABAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elieser Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Global Warming Impact ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Solar Electricity ◽  
Optimum Capacity

Energi surya merupakan salah satu pilihan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi pemakaian  sumber energi fosil yang persediaannya semakin menipis serta pemanasan global yang ditimbulkan akibat pemakaiannya. Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengusahakan pemanfaatn pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) melalui berbagai kebijakan. Tulisan ini membahas  optimasi kapasitas PLTS atap (rooftop) untuk sebuah rumah tangga mengacu pada kebijakan pemerintah tentang PLTS atap yang berlaku saat ini. Studi kasus dilakukan terhadap sebuah rumah dengan perkiraan beban PLN terpasang 2,2 kVA dan kebutuhan energi listrik sekitar 13 kWh/hari, yang berada di Surabaya. Energi keluaran sistemPLTS  disimulasikan dengan software PVSpot dan SolarGIS. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik rumah tangga dalam studi kasus, sistem PLTS yang optimum adalah sekitar 3 kWp dengan sistem  inverter yang sesuai. Energi keluaran rata-rata bulanan sistem PLTS tersebut adalah .350 kWh dengan rentang terendah dan tertinggi masing-masing 203 kWh dan 350 kWh per bulan. Energi tersebut dapat memenuhi 90% kebutuhan energi rumah yang disimulasikan. Solar energy is one of the options that can be exploited to reduce fossil-based fuel which its availability is limited and global warming impact of its use. The Government of Indonesia has been promoting solar electricity use through various policies. This paper discusses the optimum capacity of the solar rooftop PV system specifically for households based on the most recent The Government policy.  A typical house with the grid capacity installed 2,2 kVA located in Surabaya is simulated. The daily energy demand of the house is about 13 kWh per day. Simulations were carried out using PVspot and SolarGIS. It is found that the optimum capacity of the rooftop PV system for the simulated house is 3 kWp with a suitable of the inverter system. The average energy output for such a system is 350 kWh per month, with minimum and maximum of 203 kWh and 350 kWh per month respectively. The system could provide 90% of electricity for the simulated household. 

Explaining daily energy demand in British housing using linked smart meter and socio-technical data in a bottom-up statistical model

2022 ◽  
pp. 111845
Author(s):  
Eoghan McKenna ◽  
Jessica Few ◽  
Ellen Webborn ◽  
Ben Anderson ◽  
Simon Elam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Daily Energy

The Machinery of Digestion

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-186
Author(s):  
Graham Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Digestion ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Shape And Size

This chapter discusses the machinery of digestion in giraffes. The shape of the mouth of giraffes, the shape and number of their teeth, the shape and size of their tongue and the arrangement of the muscles of eating are unique and have evolved to be perfectly suited to the task of browsing. Comminution of browse is eased by large volumes of saliva secreted from salivary glands that relative to body mass are small. The digestive tract of giraffes consists of a rumen, reticulum, and omasum in addition to the usual stomach and intestines found in any mammal. The forestomachs are smaller and the small and large intestines are longer than those of grazer-ruminants. The quality, succulence and consistency of browse reduces the need for prolonged rumination. Movement of browse through the rumen-reticulum is fast, and it is likely that a mixture of plant cell contents and saliva, can bypass the rumen via an esophageal groove, and be deposited directly into the stomach. 40% of daily energy (mainly in the form of volatile fatty acids) is provided by microbial fermentation of browse in the rumen, and 60% derives from intestinal digestion mainly of glucose), rather than the reverse as found in grazer-ruminants. Significant fermentation of undigested fiber (mainly hemicellulose) occurs in the large intestine. The combination of digestive processes results in very efficient use of the nutrients and an apparent digestibility of ~85%, which is high. To provide the browse needed to meet daily energy demand giraffes need a home range of ~60 km2.

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