scholarly journals A new mass scale, implications on black hole evaporation and holography

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (16) ◽  
pp. 1650089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyabut burikham ◽  
Rujikorn Dhanawittayapol ◽  
Taum Wuthicharn
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Physical Interpretation ◽  
Mass Formula ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Black Hole Evaporation ◽  
The Universe

We consider a new mass scale [Formula: see text] constructed from dimensional analysis by using [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and discuss its physical interpretation. Based on the Generalized Uncertainty Relation, a black hole with age comparable to the universe would stop radiating when the mass reaches a new mass scale [Formula: see text] at which its temperature corresponds to the mass [Formula: see text]. Black hole remnants could have masses ranging from a Planck mass to a trillion kilograms. Holography persists even when the uncertainty relation is modified to the Minimum Length Uncertainty Relation (MLUR). The remnant black hole entropy is proportional to the surface area of the black hole in unit of the Planck area in arbitrary noncompact dimensions.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics of a Black Hole

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
K.A.I.L. Wijewardena Gamalath ◽  
N.S. Rajapakse
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
Mass Variation ◽  
Schwarzschild Black Hole ◽  
Black Hole Evaporation ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Over Time

A simple model was setup to find the mass variation over time for a Schwarzschild black hole. The temperature and entropy of a black hole was obtained from the numerically solved mass variation and the time variations of the black hole thermodynamic parameters were simulated. The mass of a given black hole reduces rapidly. The time taken for a black hole to vanish increases in an increasing rate with the given initial mass of the black hole. The temperature of a black hole drastically increases at the final stage of the black hole evaporation. The colour attributed to that temperature was found to be in the visible region for a significant amount of time. The black hole entropy also drastically reduces with its mass and through Hawking radiation it is added to the rest of the universe.

On the Origin of Four Pi in Physics

2016 ◽  
pp. 3994-4013
Author(s):  
Aaron Hanken
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Pythagorean Triples ◽  
Free Particles ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Dimensional Parameters ◽  
Gaussian Surface ◽  
Planck Energy ◽  
The Universe

We find the highest symmetry between the fields intrinsic to free particles (free particles having only mass, charge and spin), and show these fields symmetries and their close relationship to force and entropy. The Boltzmann Constant is equal to the natural entropy, in that it is The Planck Energy over The Planck Temperature. This completes a needed symmetry in The Bekenstein-Hawking Entropy. Upon substitution of Planck Units into The Schwarzschild Radius, we find that the mass and radius of any black hole define both the gravitational constant and the natural force. We find that the Gaussian Surface area about a particle is equal to the surface area of an equally massed black hole if we define the gravitational field of that particle to be the quotient of The Planck Force and the particles mass. By these simple substitutions we find that gravity is quantized in units of surface entropy. We also find Pythagorean Triples are resting within the dimensional parameters of Special Relativity, and show this to be the dimensional aspects of single particles observing one another, coupled with the intrinsic Hubble nature of the universe.

PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF BLACK HOLE EVAPORATION AS A VACUUM INSTABILITY

1992 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 169-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PARENTANI ◽  
R. BROUT
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Physical Interpretation ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Pair Creation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Static Electric Field ◽  
Black Hole Evaporation ◽  
Tunneling Mechanism ◽  
Vacuum Instability

Using tunneling concepts which account for particle production in the cases of an accelerated detector and a static electric Field in Minkowski space, the more elusive case of black hole evaporation is analyzed in terms of a detailed tunneling mechanism. For the case of the incipient black hole (collapsing star) Hawking’s “heuristic” picture in terms of pair creation, wherein one member crosses the horizon to fall into the singularity as the other is emitted to infinity, is established. The inception of tunneling is due to the motion of the star’s surface, but its completion concerns traversal of the horizon, thereby reconciling varying schools of thought concerning this problem.

Uncertainty relation and black hole entropy of Kerr spacetime

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1477-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Shuang-Qi ◽  
Zhao Ren
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
Kerr Spacetime

Black Hole Entropy from Non-Commutative Geometry and Spontaneous Localisation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejinder P. Singh ◽  
Palemkota Maithresh
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Schwarzschild Black Hole ◽  
Spectral Action ◽  
Black Hole Evaporation ◽  
Gravitational Action ◽  
Fluctuation Dissipation ◽  
Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem ◽  
Gravitational Entropy

In our recently proposed theory of quantum gravity, a black hole arises from the spontaneous localisation of an entangled state of a large number of atoms of space-time-matter [STM]. Prior to localisation, the non-commutative curvature of an STM atom is described by the spectral action of non-commutative geometry. By using the techniques of statistical thermodynamics from trace dynamics, we show that the gravitational entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole results from the microstates of the entangled STM atoms and is given (subject to certain assumptions) by the classical Euclidean gravitational action. This action, in turn, equals the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy (Area/$4{L_P}^2$) of the black hole. We argue that spontaneous localisation is related to black-hole evaporation through the fluctuation-dissipation theorem.

scholarly journals CHILD UNIVERSE UV REGULARIZATION?

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. GUENDELMAN
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Field Theories ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Quantum Field Theories ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Gravitational Effects ◽  
Black Hole Evaporation

It is argued that high energy density excitations, responsible for UV divergences in quantum field theories, including quantum gravity, are likely to be the source of child universes which carry them out of the original space–time. This decoupling prevents the high UV excitations from having any influence on physical amplitudes. Child universe production could therefore be responsible for UV regularization in quantum field theories which take into account gravitational effects. Finally, we discuss child universe production in the last stages of black hole evaporation, the prediction of the absence of trans-Planckian primordial perturbations, the connection with the minimum length hypothesis, and in particular the connection with the maximal curvature hypothesis.

EFFECT OF THE GENERALIZED UNCERTAINTY RELATION ON THE BLACK HOLE ENTROPY

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (33) ◽  
pp. 2209-2219
Author(s):  
XIANG LI
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Wall Model ◽  
Dirac Fields ◽  
Brick Wall Model ◽  
Generalized Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Klein Gordon ◽  
The Difference

The quantum entropies of the black hole, due to the massless Klein–Gordon and Dirac fields, are investigated by Rindler approximation. The difference from the brick wall model is that we take into account the effect of the generalized uncertainty relation on the state counting. The divergence appearing in the brick wall model is removed and the entropies proportional to the horizon area come from the contributions of the modes in the vicinity of the horizon. Here we take the units G=c=ℏ=kB=1.

Thermal relativity, modified Hawking radiation, and the generalized uncertainty principle

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1950156
Author(s):  
Carlos Castro Perelman
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Generalized Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Black Hole Information ◽  
The One ◽  
Mini Black Holes

After a brief review of the thermal relativistic corrections to the Schwarzschild black hole entropy, it is shown how the Stefan–Boltzman law furnishes large modifications to the evaporation times of Planck-size mini-black holes, and which might furnish important clues to the nature of dark matter and dark energy since one of the novel consequences of thermal relativity is that black holes do not completely evaporate but leave a Planck size remnant. Equating the expression for the modified entropy (due to thermal relativity corrections) with Wald’s entropy should, in principle, determine the functional form of the modified gravitational Lagrangian [Formula: see text]. We proceed to derive the generalized uncertainty relation which corresponds to the effective temperature [Formula: see text] associated with thermal relativity and given in terms of the Hawking ([Formula: see text]) and Planck ([Formula: see text]) temperature, respectively. Such modified uncertainty relation agrees with the one provided by string theory up to first order in the expansion in powers of [Formula: see text]. Both lead to a minimal length (Planck size) uncertainty. Finally, an explicit analytical expression is found for the modifications to the purely thermal spectrum of Hawking radiation which could cast some light into the resolution of the black hole information paradox.

scholarly journals Black hole remnants due to Planck-length deformed QFT

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain R. P. Dirkes ◽  
Michael Maziashvili ◽  
Zurab K. Silagadze
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dispersion Relation ◽  
Gravitational Potential ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Planck Length ◽  
Modified Dispersion Relation ◽  
Planck Mass ◽  
Higher Dimensional

It was argued in a number of papers that the gravitational potential calculated by using the modified QFT that follows from the Planck-length deformed uncertainty relation implies the existence of black hole (BH) remnants of the order of the Planck mass. Usually, this sort of QFTs are endowed with two specific features, the modified dispersion relation, which is universal, and the concept of minimum length, which, however, is not universal. While the emergence of the minimum length most readily leads to the idea of the BH remnants, here, we examine the behavior of the potential that follows from the Planck-length deformed QFT in the absence of the minimum length and show that it might also lead to the formation of the Planck mass BHs in some particular cases. The calculations are made for higher-dimensional case as well. Such BH remnants might be considered as a possible candidates for the dark-matter.

BLACK HOLE ENTROPY INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE BRICK WALL

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2681-2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
WENBIAO LIU ◽  
YIWEN HAN ◽  
ZHOU'AN ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Wall Model ◽  
Horizon Area ◽  
Brick Wall Model ◽  
Generalized Uncertainty Relation

Applying the generalized uncertainty relation to the calculation of the free energy and entropy of a black hole inside the brick wall, the entropy proportional to the horizon area is derived from the contribution of the vicinity of the horizon. This is compared with the entropy calculated via the original brick wall model. The entropy given by the original brick wall model comes from the outside of the brick wall seemingly. The inside result using generalized uncertainty relation is similar to the outside result using original uncertainty relation, and the divergence inside the brick wall disappears. It is apparent that the cutoff is something related to the quantum theory of gravity.

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