PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PLZT FERROELECTRIC INVERSE OPAL

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (15n17) ◽  
pp. 2769-2774 ◽  
Author(s):  
SU HUANG ◽  
AI-DONG LI ◽  
YUAN GAO ◽  
DI WU ◽  
YONG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Inverse Opal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Large Area ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inverse Opals ◽  
Replication Procedure ◽  
Ferroelectric Perovskite

Ferroelectric inverse opals are promising candidates for tunable photonic crystals due to their electro-optical and elasto-optical properties. In this work, inverse opal photonic crystals of (Pb0.9La0.1)(Zr0.65Ti0.35)O3 (PLZT) were prepared through a self-assembled template replication procedure on a large area (typically 2cm × 1cm). The annealing process was optimized. The surface and cross-section were studied by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). X-ray Diffraction (XRD) results proved that PLZT in the ferroelectric perovskite phase was obtained. A band gap was observed in the transmission spectra and compared with the theoretical value.

scholarly journals Characterization of CaTi0.9Fe0.1O3/La0.98Mg0.02NbO4 composite

Open Physics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryn ◽  
Tomasz Lendze ◽  
Katarzyna Gdula-Kasica ◽  
Piotr Jasinski ◽  
Andrzej Krupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Pyrochlore Phase ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Total Conductivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Interaction ◽  
Composite Samples

AbstractA composite of CaTi0.9Fe0.1O3 and electrolyte material, i.e. magnesium doped La0.98Mg0.02NbO4 was prepared and studied. The phase content and the sample microstructure was examined by an X-ray diffraction method and scanning electron microscopy. EDS measurements were done both for composite samples and the diffusion couple. The electrical properties were studied by four terminal DC method. The high-temperature interaction between the two components of the composite has been observed. It has been suggested that lanthanum diffused into the perovskite phase and substituted for calcium whereas calcium and niobium formed the Ca2Nb2O7 pyrochlore phase. At 1500°C very large crystallites of the pyrochlore were observed. Regardless of strong interaction between the composite components, its total conductivity was weakly dependent on the sintering temperature.

Preparation and Characterization of Perovskite Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 by a Modified Polymerized Complex Process

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 30-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Chen ◽  
Hui Qing Fan ◽  
Shao Jun Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Pyrochlore Phase ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Relaxor-based ferroelectrics, 0.65Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.35PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) with a pyrochlore-free phase, was prepared by a modified polymerized complex process. The reactive columbite (MgNb2O6) phase was synthesized by the polymerized complex method at 1050oC for 4 h with 3wt% excess MgO. Lead acetate and tetrebutyl titanate were used to synthesize pyrochlore-free PMN-PT powder via the columbite route, from 800oC to 900oC, in air for 4 h. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to detect the perovskite phase evolution and the presence of the pyrochlore phase in PMN-PT. The formation of perovskite PMN-PT is a function of the time and temperature conditions of the precursor calcinations, and an optimum condition for the thermal decomposition of the precursor was determined to avoid the formation of the pyrochlore phase.

scholarly journals Effect of Process Parameter Optimization in Reducing Sintering Temperature in the Synthesis and Characterization of Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Bajpai ◽  
K. N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lattice Constants ◽  
Microwave Dielectric ◽  
Pure Perovskite Phase ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Ac Conduction

Controlling the cooling rate during calcination and sintering, phase pure perovskite Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 has been prepared by simple solid state reaction route with density >93% at relatively low sintering of 1175°C making it compatible for microwave dielectric applications. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction shows pure perovskite phase with cubic structure. The lattice constants were obtained a = 4.1032 Å. Detailed studies of ε′ and ε′′ show that the compound exhibits dielectric anomaly at 430°C. Material shows distributed relaxation at higher temperature. Impedance analysis revealed that the impedance is mainly due to the grains. AC conduction activation energies are estimated from Arrhenius plots, and conduction mechanism is discussed.

scholarly journals Fabrication, Characterization of SiO2 Nanospheres and SiO2 Opal Photonic Crystals

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duy Thien ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Tu ◽  
Nguyen Quang Hoa ◽  
Sai Cong Doanh ◽  
Le Van Vu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Diffuse Reflection ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stöber Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Assembly Method

In this report, we presented the usage of Stober method to fabricate SiO2 nanospheres and self-assembly method to make SiO2 opal photonic crystals based on the fabricated SiO2 nanospheres. An averaged size of SiO2 nanospheres was controlled by varying concentrations of NH4OH and TEOS. Crystal structure and morphology of particles was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Experimental results showed that SiO2 nanospheres possess amorphous crystal structure with sizes ranged from 150 to 300 nm. The diffuse reflection spectra show the reflection peaks of the SiO2 opal photonic crystals from 410 nm to 520 nm.  

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

High Resolution Replication of Organoclay Surfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
W. W. Barker ◽  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
V. J. Hurst ◽  
W. J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Silicate Layers ◽  
Mineral Identification

Experimental clay mineral-organic molecule complexes long have been known and some of them have been extensively studied by X-ray diffraction methods. The organic molecules are adsorbed onto the surfaces of the clay minerals, or intercalated between the silicate layers. Natural organo-clays also are widely recognized but generally have not been well characterized. Widely used techniques for clay mineral identification involve treatment of the sample with H2 O2 or other oxidant to destroy any associated organics. This generally simplifies and intensifies the XRD pattern of the clay residue, but helps little with the characterization of the original organoclay. Adequate techniques for the direct observation of synthetic and naturally occurring organoclays are yet to be developed.

Synthesis and characterization of TiN / Ti / AISI 410 coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
S Chirino ◽  
Jaime Diaz ◽  
N Monteblanco ◽  
E Valderrama
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Photoemission Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Columnar Grains ◽  
Tin Thin Films ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Interacting Surfaces ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi

The synthesis and characterization of Ti and TiN thin films of different thicknesses was carried out on a martensitic stainless steel AISI 410 substrate used for tool manufacturing. The mechanical parameters between the interacting surfaces such as thickness, adhesion and hardness were measured. By means of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) the superficial morphology of the Ti/TiN interface was observed, finding that the growth was of columnar grains and by means of EDAX the existence of titanium was verified.  Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) it was possible to observe the presence of residual stresses (~ -3.1 GPa) due to the different crystalline phases in the coating. Under X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) it was possible to observe the molecular chemical composition of the coating surface, being Ti-N, Ti-N-O and Ti-O the predominant ones.

Studies on the Preparation, Characterization and Solubility of -Cyclodextrin-Roxythromycin Inclusion Complexes

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-530
Author(s):  
D. Nagasamy Venkatesh ◽  
S. Karthick ◽  
M. Umesh ◽  
G. Vivek ◽  
R.M. Valliappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Poorly Soluble Drug

Roxythromycin/ β-cyclodextrin (Roxy/ β-CD) dispersions were prepared with a view to study the influence of β-CD on the solubility and dissolution rate of this poorly soluble drug. Phase-solubility profile indicated that the solubility of roxythromycin was significantly increased in the presence of β-cyclodextrin and was classified as AL-type, indicating the 1:1 stoichiometric inclusion complexes. Physical characterization of the prepared systems was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction studies (XRD) and IR studies. Solid state characterization of the drug β-CD binary system using XRD, FTIR and DSC revealed distinct loss of drug crystallinity in the formulation, ostensibly accounting for enhancement of dissolution rate.

New Coordination Compounds of Fe(III) with Organic Ligands

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Flondor ◽  
Ioan Rosca ◽  
Doina Sibiescu ◽  
Mihaela-Aurelia Vizitiu ◽  
Daniel-Mircea Sutiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Chemical Analysis ◽  
Structural Formulae ◽  
Paramagnetic Properties

In this paper the synthesis and the study of some complex compounds of Fe(III) with ligands derived from: 2-(4-chloro-phenylsulfanyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-phenyl)-ethanone (HL1), 1-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-phenylsulfanyl-ethanone(HL2), and 2-(4-chloro-phenylsulfanyl)-1-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone (HL3) is presented. The characterization of these complexes is based on method as: the elemental chemical analysis, IR and ESR spectroscopy, M�ssbauer, the thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. Study of the IR and chemical analysis has evidenced that the precipitates form are a complexes and the combination ratio of M:L is 1:2. The central atoms of Fe(III) presented paramagnetic properties and a octaedric hybridization. Starting from this precipitation reactions, a method for the gravimetric determination of Fe(III) with this organic ligands has been possible. Based on the experimental data on literature indications, the structural formulae of the complex compounds are assigned.

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