The effect of CH4/H2 ratio on the surface properties of HDPE treated by CHx ion beam bombardment

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (17) ◽  
pp. 1650214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyu Ding ◽  
Yuanyuan Guo ◽  
Dongying Ju ◽  
Susumu Sato ◽  
Teruo Tsunoda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Chemical Bond ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Density ◽  
Static Contact Angle ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Static Contact

The surface of high density polyethylene (HDPE) substrate was bombarded by the CH[Formula: see text] group ion beam, which was generated by the mixture of CH4/H2. Varying the CH4/H2 ratio, HDPE surfaces with different chemical bond structures and properties were obtained. Raman and XPS results show that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] bond structures are formed at HDPE surface bombarded by CH[Formula: see text] group ions. The [Formula: see text] bond fraction at bombarded HDPE surface depends on the H2 ratio in CH4/H2 mixture, because the H ion/atom/molecule can improve the growth of [Formula: see text] bond structure. For HDPE surface bombarded by CH4/H2 = 50/50, [Formula: see text] bond fraction reaches the maximum of 30.5%, the surface roughness decreases to 17.04 nm, and the static contact angle of polar H2O molecule increased to 140.2[Formula: see text].

Smooth and Transparent Films Showing Paradoxical Surface Properties: The Lower the Static Contact Angle, the Better the Water Sliding Performance

Langmuir ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (21) ◽  
pp. 6822-6829
Author(s):  
Sohei Kaneko ◽  
Chihiro Urata ◽  
Tomoya Sato ◽  
Roland Hönes ◽  
Atsushi Hozumi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Static Contact Angle ◽  
Transparent Films ◽  
Static Contact

Development of Functional Surfaces on High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) via Gas-Assisted Etching (GAE) Using Focused Ion Beams

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386
Author(s):  
Meltem Sezen ◽  
Feray Bakan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
High Density ◽  
Irradiation Damage ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Functional Surfaces

AbstractIrradiation damage, caused by the use of beams in electron and ion microscopes, leads to undesired physical/chemical material property changes or uncontrollable modification of structures. Particularly, soft matter such as polymers or biological materials is highly susceptible and very much prone to react on electron/ion beam irradiation. Nevertheless, it is possible to turn degradation-dependent physical/chemical changes from negative to positive use when materials are intentionally exposed to beams. Especially, controllable surface modification allows tuning of surface properties for targeted purposes and thus provides the use of ultimate materials and their systems at the micro/nanoscale for creating functional surfaces. In this work, XeF2 and I2 gases were used in the focused ion beam scanning electron microscope instrument in combination with gallium ion etching of high-density polyethylene surfaces with different beam currents and accordingly different gas exposure times resulting at the same ion dose to optimize and develop new polymer surface properties and to create functional polymer surfaces. Alterations in the surface morphologies and surface chemistry due to gas-assisted etching-based nanostructuring with various processing parameters were tracked using high-resolution SEM imaging, complementary energy-dispersive spectroscopic analyses, and atomic force microscopic investigations.

scholarly journals Characterization Of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) Produced In Air At Atmospheric Pressure And Its Application In Surface Modification Of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Rajesh Prakash Guragain ◽  
H B Baniya ◽  
S Dhungana ◽  
S Gautam ◽  
B P. Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Dielectric Barrier Discharge ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Barrier Discharge ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
High Density ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Dielectric Barrier

The low surface energy of HDPE limits its industrial uses as it is not suitable for printing and adhesion. The main aim of this work is to improve the wetting properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) using air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) operating at the line frequency (50 Hz). The estimation of electron temperature and electron density has been done by electrical and optical methods. The surface roughness of the control and plasma treated polymer film is analysed by contact angle (CA) measurement, surface energy measurement and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The contact angle was found to be suppressed from 93.180±2.00 to 63.750±0.880 after 10s of plasma treatment which implied that the surface property had changed to a hydrophilic state caused by an increase in the surface roughness.

Superhydrophobic fabric mixed with polyester and cotton yarns modified by alkaline treatment and thermal aging

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752097721
Author(s):  
Hyewon Kim ◽  
Ji-Hyun Oh ◽  
Chung Hee Park
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Polyester Fabric ◽  
Static Contact Angle ◽  
Static Contact ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Fabric Surface

Superhydrophobic fabric composed of polyester and cotton single yarns was developed by alkali treatment and thermal aging. During the alkali treatment to make the nano-roughness of the polyester fibers, micro-roughness also increased due to differences in the thicknesses of the two yarns arising from the increased polyester surface roughness and swollen cotton. The superhydrophobicity, with a static contact angle of 155.8 ± 3.2° and shedding angle of 11.1 ± 0.8°, was achieved with 90% polyester/10% cotton fabric treated with 20% alkali concentration for 20 min under applied tension, then followed by 24 h thermal aging at 130℃. The tensile strength of the superhydrophobic polyester/cotton fabric (28.7 MPa) was higher than that of 100% polyester fabric (20.1 MPa). The breathability of the superhydrophobic polyester/cotton fabric was improved compared with 100% polyester fabric. In durability assessment, a static contact angle of ≥150° was shown for the tape tests. Five times of repeated adhesion with a clothing tape cleaner were conducted for the five samples each. Although washing and dry-cleaning decreased contact angles to as low as 137.7°, a static contact angle of 150° was achieved by additional thermal aging (130℃, 24 h). We developed a superhydrophobic fabric mixed with polyester and cotton yarns by exploiting differences in the characteristics of the two yarns induced by alkali treatment, which causes fabric surface roughness, and thermal aging without the use of any chemicals. Moreover, this superhydrophobic fabric has improved breathability.

Effect of Water Temperature, pH Value, and Film Thickness on the Wettability Behaviour of Copper Surfaces Coated with Copper Using EB-PVD Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 124-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Ali ◽  
Joao Amaral Teixeira ◽  
Abdulmajid Addali
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Copper Surfaces ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Static Contact

This research investigates the effect of surface roughness, water temperature, and pH value on the wettability behaviour of copper surfaces. An electron beam physical vapour deposition technique was used to fabricate 25, 50, and 75 nm thin films of copper on the surface of copper substrates. Surface topographical analysis, of the uncoated and coated samples, was performed using an atomic force microscopy device to observe the changes in surface microstructure. A goniometer device was then employed to examine the surface wettability of the samples by obtaining the static contact angle between the liquid and the attached surface using the sessile drops technique. Waters of pH 4, 7, and 9 were employed as the contact angle testing fluids at a set of fixed temperatures that ranged from 20°C to 60°C. It was found that increasing the deposited film thickness reduces the surface roughness of the as-prepared copper surfaces and thus causing the surface wettability to diverge from its initial hydrophobic nature towards the hydrophilic behaviour region. A similar divergence behaviour was seen with the rise in temperature of water of pH 4, and 9. In contrast, the water of pH 7, when tested on the uncoated surface, ceased to reach a contact angle below 90o. It is believed that the observed changes in surface wettability behaviour is directly linked to the liquid temperature, pH value, surface roughness, along with the Hofmeister effect between the water and the surface in contact.

scholarly journals Precise Static Contact Angle Measurements Using Pythagolas Rule

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Jin-Yeong Choi ◽  
Dong-Jun Kwon ◽  
Zuo-Jia Wang ◽  
Pyeong-Su Shin ◽  
Joung-Man Park
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Static Contact Angle ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Static Contact ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements

Effect of Alkaline Treatment on Sawdust Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composite under Wide Strain Rate

2016 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haliza Jaya ◽  
Mohd Firdaus Omar ◽  
Hazizan Md Akil ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad ◽  
Nik Noriman Zulkepli
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Density ◽  
Rate Condition ◽  
Static And Dynamic Loading

In this study, the alkali treatment of sawdust using different concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is performed. The purpose of this treatment is to improve the filler-matrix compatibility, thus, enhance the properties of tested specimens under various strain rate condition. The outcome shows the alkali treated sawdust did improve its surface roughness through reduction of sawdust diameter. With this increasing of surface roughness, it will enhance the compatibility between sawdust filler and HDPE matrix. For comparison purpose, the treated and untreated sawdust filler were reinforce in High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) matrix and have been test under static and dynamic loading using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) apparatus. The results indicate that the stiffness and compression strength properties were improved on treated sawdust composites for both static and dynamic loading compare to untreated sawdust composites.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Formation of a Series of Bubbles from an Orifice by Applying Dynamic Contact Angle Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Nan Chen ◽  
Xiyu Chen ◽  
Antonio Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Dynamic Contact Angle ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Static Contact Angle ◽  
Bubble Shape ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Bubble Detachment ◽  
Static Contact ◽  
Detachment Time

The dynamic contact angle model is applied in the formation process of a series of bubbles from Period-I regime to Period-II regime by using the VOF method on a 2D axisymmetric domain. In the first process of the current research, the dynamic contact angle model is validated by comparing the numerical results to the experimental data. Good agreement in terms of bubble shape and bubble detachment time is observed from a lower flow rate Q = 150.8 cm3/min (Re = 54.77, Period-I regime) to a higher flow rate Q = 603.2 cm3/min (Re = 219.07, Period-III regime). The comparison between the dynamic contact angle model and the static contact angle model is also performed. It is observed that the static contact angle model can obtain similar results as the dynamic contact angle model only for smaller gas flow rates (Q ≤ 150.8 cm3/min and Re ≤ 54.77)). For higher gas flow rates, the static contact angle model cannot produce good results as the dynamic contact angle model and has larger relative errors in terms of bubble detachment time and bubble shape.

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