A Weighted-Logic Representation of C-Revising Ordinal Conditional Functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 569-589
Author(s):  
Safia Laaziz ◽  
Younes Zeboudj ◽  
Salem Benferhat ◽  
Faiza Haned Khellaf
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Belief Revision ◽  
Belief Change ◽  
Possibility Theory ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Compact Representation ◽  
Natural Representation ◽  
Uncertainty Distribution ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
New Information

The problem of belief change is considered as a major issue in managing the dynamics of an information system. It consists in modifying an uncertainty distribution, representing agents’ beliefs, in the light of a new information. In this paper, we focus on the so-called multiple iterated belief revision or C-revision, proposed for conditioning or revising uncertain distributions under uncertain inputs. Uncertainty distributions are represented in terms of ordinal conditional functions. We will use prioritized or weighted knowledge bases as a compact representation of uncertainty distributions. The input information leading to a revision of an uncertainty distribution is also represented by a set of consistent weighted formulas. This paper shows that C-revision, defined at a semantic level using ordinal conditional functions, has a very natural representation using weighted knowledge bases. We propose simple syntactic methods for revising weighted knowledge bases, that are semantically meaningful in the frameworks of possibility theory and ordinal conditional functions. In particular, we show that the space complexity of the proposed syntactic C-revision is linear with respect to the size of initial weighted knowledge bases.

scholarly journals Two Sides of the Same Coin: Belief Revision and Enforcing Arguments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Haret ◽  
Johannes P. Wallner ◽  
Stefan Woltran
Keyword(s):  
Belief Revision ◽  
Propositional Logic ◽  
Belief Change ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Abstract Argumentation ◽  
Axiomatic Treatment ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Representation Result ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Argumentation Systems

We study a type of change on knowledge bases inspired by the dynamics of formal argumentation systems, where the goal is to enforce acceptance of certain arguments. We put forward that enforcing acceptance of arguments can be viewed as a member of the wider family of belief change operations, and that an axiomatic treatment of it is therefore desirable. In our case, laying down axioms enables a precise account of the close connection between enforcing arguments and belief revision. Our analysis of enforcing arguments proceeds by (i) axiomatizing it as an operation in propositional logic and providing a representation result in terms of rankings on sets of interpretations, (ii) showing that it stands in close relationship to belief revision, and (iii) using it as a gateway towards a principled treatment of enforcement in abstract argumentation.

SOME COMPLETENESS THEOREMS IN THE DYNAMIC DOXASTIC LOGIC OF ITERATED BELIEF REVISION

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISTER SEGERBERG
Keyword(s):  
Belief Revision ◽  
Belief Change ◽  
Doxastic Logic ◽  
New Information ◽  
Incoming Information ◽  
Iterated Belief Revision ◽  
Dynamic Doxastic Logic ◽  
Completeness Theorems ◽  
Nested Beliefs

The success of the AGM paradigm—the theory of belief change initiated by Alchourrón, Gärdenfors, and Makinson—is remarkable, as even a quick look at the literature it has generated will testify. But it is also remarkable, at least in hindsight, how limited was the original effort. For example, the theory concerns the beliefs of just one agent; all incoming information is accepted; belief change is uniquely determined by the new information; there is no provision for nested beliefs. And perhaps most surprising: there is no analysis of iterated change.In this paper it is that last restriction that is at issue. Our medium of study is dynamic doxastic logic (DDL). The success of the AGM paradigm The particular contribution of the paper is detailed completeness proofs for three dynamic doxastic logics of iterated belief revision.The problem of extending the AGM paradigm to include iterated change has been discussed for years, but systematic discussions have appeared only recently (see Segerberg, 2007 and forthcoming, but also van Benthem, 2007; Rott, 2006; Zvesper, 2007).

scholarly journals An Epistemological Study of Theory Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theofanis Aravanis
Keyword(s):  
Belief Revision ◽  
Belief Change ◽  
Theory Change ◽  
Rational Belief ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Traditional Philosophy ◽  
New Information ◽  
Formal Framework ◽  
The Face ◽  
Main Shortcoming

Belief Revision is a well-established field of research that deals with how agents rationally change their minds in the face of new information. The milestone of Belief Revision is a general and versatile formal framework introduced by Alchourrón, Gärdenfors and Makinson, known as the AGM paradigm, which has been, to this date, the dominant model within the field. A main shortcoming of the AGM paradigm, as originally proposed, is its lack of any guidelines for relevant change. To remedy this weakness, Parikh proposed a relevance-sensitive axiom, which applies on splittable theories; i.e., theories that can be divided into syntax-disjoint compartments. The aim of this article is to provide an epistemological interpretation of the dynamics (revision) of splittable theories, from the perspective of Kuhn's inuential work on the evolution of scientific knowledge, through the consideration of principal belief-change scenarios. The whole study establishes a conceptual bridge between rational belief revision and traditional philosophy of science, which sheds light on the application of formal epistemological tools on the dynamics of knowledge.

428. A New Information System for the Exposure Assessment of Occupational Carcinogens at the Regional Level

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kauppinen ◽  
P. Heikkila ◽  
A. Saalo ◽  
A. Kauppinen ◽  
I. Welling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
New Information

Children change their answers in response to neutral follow-up questions by a knowledgeable asker

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bonawitz ◽  
Patrick Shafto ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Sophie Elizabeth Colby Bridgers ◽  
Aaron Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Belief Revision ◽  
Correct Answer ◽  
New Information ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
Parent Child

Burgeoning evidence suggests that when children observe data, they use knowledge of the demonstrator’s intent to augment learning. We propose that the effects of social learning may go beyond cases where children observe data, to cases where they receive no new information at all. We present a model of how simply asking a question a second time may lead to belief revision, when the questioner is expected to know the correct answer. We provide an analysis of the CHILDES corpus to show that these neutral follow-up questions are used in parent-child conversations. We then present three experiments investigating 4- and 5-year-old children’s reactions to neutral follow-up questions posed by ignorant or knowledgeable questioners. Children were more likely to change their answers in response to a neutral follow-up question from a knowledgeable questioner than an ignorant one. We discuss the implications of these results in the context of common practices in legal, educational, and experimental psychological settings.

The development of information interaction as a key element of state risk management and health protection

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
S. Voronkova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Information System ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
New Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
Types Of Information

The article discusses ways to obtain information about risk factors and the health status of the population. The article describes a new information system «labor Medicine», which allows to organize the collection of a wide range of data for further analysis and application in the activities of various Executive authorities, public organizations, foundations, legal entities and citizens. It is proposed to improve this system by expanding the types of information collected, creating a passport for health promotion organizations, as well as integration with systems that are being implemented in the Russian Federation for managing the health of the working-age population in the context of state policy in the field of Informatization.

scholarly journals Beacon in Information System as Way of Supporting Identification of Cattle Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1062
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Koszela ◽  
Wojciech Mueller ◽  
Jakub Otrząsek ◽  
Mateusz Łukomski ◽  
Sebastian Kujawa
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
New Information ◽  
Conducting Research

The paper concentrates on researching the possibilities of using modern information technologies in animal production in order to monitor and identify behavior and well-being of cows. Having in mind the challenges related to managing dairy herds, and economic pressure put on breeders (as well as the broadly defined well-being of animals), an endeavor was made to create a new method, which would be competitive in comparison with the existing solutions. The proposed method of collecting data and data processing with beacon devices as well as data warehouse, allows—according to the authors—a more complete identification of behaviors and physiological condition of a dairy herd. It is also worth pointing out that this method is competitive in terms of price. By virtue of the multitude of data that were collected, a decision was made to resign from processing data on a local computer and use a cloud compute engine instead. The presented information system creates a sequence of components, which were subject to verification both on the level of creating and conducting research. Research results that were received were then compared with knowledge presented in the literature. A vital element of validation of the aforementioned methodology was comparing results that were achieved in the course of research work with the system making use of pedometer. The aim of the authors was to develop a new information technology solution, as well as a method based on beacons, which are rather universal devices, with the use of data warehouses, allowing the identification of behavior and physiological state of milk cattle, the method which would be competitive in comparison with the existing solutions, especially in terms of price. In the proposed solution, both information coming from microcomputers and weather forecast data coming from weather forecast stations, which make the above identification easy, were used as data sources.

(DIS)BELIEF CHANGE AND ARGUED FEED-BACK DIALOG

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 511-538
Author(s):  
LAURENT PERRUSSEL ◽  
JEAN-MARC THÉVENIN
Keyword(s):  
Belief Revision ◽  
Belief Change ◽  
Preference Relation ◽  
Belief State ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Incoming Information ◽  
Multi Agent

This paper focuses on the features of belief change in a multi-agent context where agents consider beliefs and disbeliefs. Disbeliefs represent explicit ignorance and are useful to prevent agents to entail conclusions due to their ignorance. Agents receive messages holding information from other agents and change their belief state accordingly. An agent may refuse to adopt incoming information if it prefers its own (dis)beliefs. For this, each agent maintains a preference relation over its own beliefs and disbeliefs in order to decide if it accepts or rejects incoming information whenever inconsistencies occur. This preference relation may be built by considering several criteria such as the reliability of the sender of statements or temporal aspects. This process leads to non-prioritized belief revision. In this context we first present the * and − operators which allow an agent to revise, respectively contract, its belief state in a non-prioritized way when it receives an incoming belief, respectively disbelief. We show that these operators behave properly. Based on this we then illustrate how the receiver and the sender may argue when the incoming (dis)belief is refused. We describe pieces of dialog where (i) the sender tries to convince the receiver by sending arguments in favor of the original (dis)belief and (ii) the receiver justifies its refusal by sending arguments against the original (dis)belief. We show that the notion of acceptability of these arguments can be represented in a simple way by using the non-prioritized change operators * and −. The advantage of argumentation dialogs is twofold. First whenever arguments are acceptable the sender or the receiver reconsider its belief state; the main result is an improvement of the reconsidered belief state. Second the sender may not be aware of some sets of rules which act as constraints to reach a specific conclusion and discover them through argumentation dialogs.

scholarly journals ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PASIEN RAWAT INAP (STUDI KASUS : RUMAH BERSALIN AZIMAR ANAS PADANG)

JURTEKSI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Yonky Pernando ◽  
Eka Lia Febrianti ◽  
Andhika Andhika
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information System ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
New Information ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Visual Basic 6.0 ◽  
Application Programs

Abstract: In the era of globalization, information systems are now increasingly developing and are very important and main things in helping the process of corporate performance, in the near future that will make competition in the performance process will be more updated and faster. Because of that the use of information technology and the design of making application programs using Visual Basic 6.0 as programing and MySQL as its database, regarding the analysis and design of information systems for inpatients in anal azimar maternity homes. Problems - problems faced by this company, namely the problem of data redundancy in inputting data, and not presented properly and lead to difficulties when manipulating, changing, and deleting data. In the end the author hopes that with the creation of a new information system, it can help the input process more easily, and quickly. Keywords: Technology, Information, PHP Programming Language , MySQL and Patient   Abstrak: Di era globalisasi sekarang semakin berkembang nya sistem informasi serta merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan utama dalam  membantu proses kinerja perusahaan, dalam waktu dekat yang akan membuat persaingan dalam proses kinerja akan semakin update dan cepat . Karena itu pemakaian teknologi informasi dan rancangan pembuatan program aplikasi dengan menggunakan  Visual Basic 6.0 sebagai programing  dan MySQL  sebagai Databasenya, mengenai analisa dan perancangan sistem informasi pasien rawat inap di rumah bersalin azimar anas. Masalah – masalah yang dihadapi perusahaan ini yaitu masalah redundansi data dalam menginput data,dan tidak tersaji secara baik dan  mengakibatkan kesulitan saat memanipulasi, mengubah, dan menghapus data. Pada akhirnya penulis berharap dengan dibuatnya sistem informasi yang baru, dapat membantu proses input dengan lebih mudah, dan cepat. Kata kunci : Teknologi, Informasi, Bahasa Pemograman Visual Basic 6.0 , MySQL dan Pasien 

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