WITH SURGICAL REMOVAL OR ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY INCREASE THE TWO-YEAR SURVIVAL AND ASSOCIATED CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FACTORS IN CATS WITH MAMMARY CARCINOMAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Ti-Yun Lo ◽  
Yu-Ching Feng ◽  
Yi-Ping Yang ◽  
Jiunn-Wang Liao ◽  
Shih-Chieh Chang
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Mammary Carcinomas ◽  
Clinicopathologic Factors ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
One Year

Due to the aggressive biological behavior, a large number of studies attempt to identify the prognostic indicators for feline mammary carcinoma (FMC). In this study, we retrospectively identified the prognostic indicators and evaluated the effect of surgery with or without adjuvant chemotherapy on 47 cats with FMCs. Over a two-year follow-up period, surgical removal was significantly associated with greater overall survival time (OST). In cats that underwent surgical treatment, median OST was longer in cats that underwent surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy (540 days) than cats that underwent surgery without chemotherapy (398 days). In addition, cats with FMCs in early stage (I or II) had longer OST than cats in advanced stages. Further, through multivariate analyses, the histological grade was found to be significantly associated with a survival of two years. Cats with FMCs at high grade were most likely to have a mean or median OST of less than one year. In summary, stage, grade and the size of tumor were all prognostic factors, in which histological grade was found to be the only significant factor in cats with mammary carcinomas through multivariate analysis.

Prognostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers, including CEA, Cyfra21–1, SCC, CA19–9, SCC, CA125, TPA, NSE, and SLX, in patients with completely resected pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7681-7681
Author(s):  
H. Matsuguma ◽  
H. Suzuki ◽  
Y. Ishikawa ◽  
T. Kondo ◽  
R. Nakahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Pleural Invasion ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
Clinicopathologic Factors ◽  
Resected Stage

7681 Background: Recent randomized control trials have shown a survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II or more advanced NSCLC, while surgery alone is still the standard therapy for stage I patients. There is, however, a subgroup of patients among the stage I patients who have a poor prognosis, for whom adjuvant chemotherapy can be as effective as has been observed for the patients with more advanced disease. Preoperative serum CEA level has been reported to be an independent prognostic factor for stage I NSCLC. However, many other tumor markers have also been reported as prognostic indicators in different studies using different tumor markers. It is unknown which tumor marker is the most effective for selecting poor prognostic subgroup of patients with stage I NSCLC for which adjuvant chemotherapy can be applied. Methods: A total of 355 patients underwent complete resection, and were diagnosed as having stage I NSCLC from 1995 to 2003. Analyzed tumor markers included CEA, Cyfra21–1, SCC, CA19–9, SCC, CA125, TPA, NSE, and SLX. Cut-off values for each tumor marker are listed in the table . Clinicopathologic factors including age, gender, histology, vessel invasion, pleural invasion, and pathologic T indicator are also analyzed in the multivariate analysis. Results: Among the 355 patients, 211 patients were male, 249 had adenocarcinoma, 82 had squamous cell carcinoma, and 253 had pathologic T1 tumors. Percentages of elevated value for each tumor marker are listed in the table in combination with related survival data. Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated age, pleural invasion, histology, and CEA were significantly independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: CEA is thought to be the best tumor marker for selecting the poor prognostic subgroup of patients with resected stage I NSCLC because of its high percentage of abnormal value and high ability to differentiate prognostic subgroups. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Recurrence in Stage I and II Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Analysis of Clinicopathologic and Imaging Factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Joung Eom ◽  
Joo Hee Cha ◽  
Woo Jung Choi ◽  
Eun Young Chae ◽  
Hee Jung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Nodal Status ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Clinicopathologic Factors

Abstract Background To describe the outcomes of patients with early stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and to investigate whether certain imaging and clinicopathologic factors were associated with recurrence in patients with early stage TNBC. Methods We identified stage I and II TNBC patients treated between 2009 and 2011. Data included patient and tumor characteristics, time of recurrence, and findings on mammography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate recurrence free survival and Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the association between imaging and clinicopathologic factors and recurrence. Results The study included 702 patients with mean age of 49.0 years (range, 24–82 years) and mean follow-up of 61 months (range, 6 - 93 months). Overall, 115 (115/702, 16.4%) had recurrence. Clinicopathologic factors associated with recurrence included increasing tumor size, positive nodal status, ki-67 index more than 14, presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), mastectomy, and neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. Imaging factors associated with recurrence included moderate or marked background parenchymal enhancement on MRI. After controlling for all potential confounders, tumor size, nodal status, LVI, and adjuvant chemotherapy were independently associated with recurrence. Conclusion Sixteen percent of patients with early stage TNBC experienced recurrence, with 3 and 5 year recurrence rates being 12.4% and 15.3%, respectively. Tumor size, nodal status, LVI, and adjuvant chemotherapy were independently associated with recurrence, while none of the imaging factors showed association.

scholarly journals The Latest Overview of circRNA in the Progression, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Treatment, and Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Xiong ◽  
Rongquan He ◽  
Yiwu Dang ◽  
Huayu Wu ◽  
Zhenbo Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Long Time

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the main causes of tumor-related deaths worldwide. Due to the lack of obvious early symptoms and the lack of sensitive screening indicators in the early stage of HCC, the vast majority of patients are diagnosed with advanced or metastatic HCC, resulting in dissatisfactory treatment result. Therefore, it is urgent to determine effective and sensitive diagnostic and prognostic indicators and to determine new therapeutic targets. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA that has been neglected for a long time. In recent years, it has been proved to play an important role in the development of many human diseases. Increasing evidence shows that change in circRNA expression has an extensive effect on the biological behavior of HCC. In this study, we comprehensively tracked the latest progress of circRNA in the pathogenesis of HCC, and reviewed its role as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis prediction in patients with HCC. In addition, we also summarized the potential of circRNA as therapeutic target in HCC and its relationship with HCC drug resistance, providing clues for the clinical development of circRNA-based therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Targeting Cyclic AMP Signalling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Massimi ◽  
Federica Ragusa ◽  
Silvia Cardarelli ◽  
Mauro Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Tumour Resection ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
One Year

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major healthcare problem worldwide, representing one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Since there are currently no predictive biomarkers for early stage diagnosis, HCC is detected only in advanced stages and most patients die within one year, as radical tumour resection is generally performed late during the disease. The development of alternative therapeutic approaches to HCC remains one of the most challenging areas of cancer. This review focuses on the relevance of cAMP signalling in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and identifies the modulation of this second messenger as a new strategy for the control of tumour growth. In addition, because the cAMP pathway is controlled by phosphodiesterases (PDEs), targeting these enzymes using PDE inhibitors is becoming an attractive and promising tool for the control of HCC. Among them, based on current preclinical and clinical findings, PDE4-specific inhibitors remarkably demonstrate therapeutic potential in the management of cancer outcomes, especially as adjuvants to standard therapies. However, more preclinical studies are warranted to ascertain their efficacy during the different stages of hepatocyte transformation and in the treatment of established HCC.

scholarly journals p53, ER, and Ki67 Expression in Canine Mammary Carcinomas and Correlation With Pathological Variables and Prognosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 030098582097346
Author(s):  
Barbara Brunetti ◽  
Barbara Bacci ◽  
Cristian Angeli ◽  
Cinzia Benazzi ◽  
Luisa Vera Muscatello
Keyword(s):  
Histological Grade ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Ki67 Expression ◽  
Mammary Carcinomas ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Differentiation Marker ◽  
Er Expression

Using immunohistochemistry, 170 canine mammary carcinomas were evaluated for p53, ER (estrogen receptor), and Ki67. Of the 170 tumors, 89 were grade I (52.3%), 36 were grade II (21.2%), and 45 were grade III (26.4%). Eight cases (0.5%) were positive for p53 and 69/170 cases (40.5%) were positive for ER. Ki67 values were 24 ± 18% (mean ± SD). Using a cutoff value of 33.3% Ki67-positive neoplastic nuclei, 38/159 (23.8%) were classified as high proliferative and 121/159 (76.2%) as low proliferative. p53-positive cases had significantly higher Ki67 expression and higher histological grade. ER expression was not correlated with p53 expression but was significantly related to low Ki67 values and low histological grade. Moreover, ER-positive cases had significantly longer survival compared to ER-negative tumors, and ER expression had better correlation with tumor-related survival than histological grade. In summary, p53 accumulated in a small subset of canine mammary tumors and was associated with higher proliferative activity and higher histological grade. ER expression was confirmed as a differentiation marker associated with more favorable prognosis and biological behavior. The combined use of these 3 markers could be used in addition to histological grade to predict the biological behavior of canine mammary carcinomas.

scholarly journals Cell-Free Circulating Methylated SEPT9 for Noninvasive Diagnosis and Monitoring of Colorectal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Fu ◽  
Peng Yan ◽  
Shan Zhang ◽  
Yan Lu ◽  
Li Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnosis ◽  
High Positive Rate ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
One Year ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Identification of early-stage tumor and monitoring therapeutic efficacy and recurrence or metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are urgently warranted for improving the outcome of CRC patients and reducing the disease-related mortality. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic value of cell-free circulating methylated SEPT9 (mSEPT9) for CRC and beyond CRC and examined the potentiality of mSEPT9 in assessing therapeutic efficacy and monitoring recurrence of CRC. Our results confirmed the favorable diagnostic value of plasma mSEPT9 for CRC, with a sensitivity of 61.22% (95% confidence interval (CI): 51.33%–70.27%) and specificity of 93.7% (95% CI: 91.09%–95.57%) using 2/3 algorithm. The positive rate of mSEPT9 in CRC was correlated with tumor size, histological grade, and general histological type (P<0.05). Beyond CRC, gastric cancer patients also presented a high positive rate of plasma mSEPT9 (70%). The conversions between preoperative and postoperative plasma mSEPT9 reflected the therapeutic efficacy of curatively intended surgery for CRC patients. The persistent positivity of plasma mSEPT9 after surgery (within 7–14 days) was highly associated with impending recurrences or metastases (within one year), with a sensitivity of 100%. Postoperative mSEPT9 status during follow-up also provided valuable indication for CRC recurrence or metastases, with a good consistency (kappa = 0.818, P=0.001). Our results verified the reliability of plasma mSEPT9 as a biomarker for noninvasive diagnosis of CRC. More significantly, we revealed its valuable role in appraising CRC therapeutic efficacy and monitoring CRC recurrences or metastases. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify and elucidate the clinical utility of the promising findings.

scholarly journals Age-Related Biology of Early-Stage Operable Breast Cancer and Its Impact on Clinical Outcome

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Binafsha M. Syed ◽  
Andrew R. Green ◽  
Emad A. Rakha ◽  
David A.L. Morgan ◽  
Ian O. Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference

As age advances, breast cancer (BC) tends to change its biological characteristics. This study aimed to explore the natural progression of such changes. The study included 2383 women with clinically T0-2N0-1M0 BC, managed by primary surgery and optimal adjuvant therapy in a dedicated BC facility. Tissue micro-arrays were constructed from their surgical specimens and indirect immunohistochemistry was used for analysis of a large panel (n = 16) of relevant biomarkers. There were significant changes in the pattern of expression of biomarkers related to luminal (oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptors (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2), E-cadherin, MUC1, bcl2 CK7/8, CK18 and bcl2) and basal (CK5/6, CK14, p53 and Ki67) phenotypes, lymph node stage, histological grade and pathological size when decade-wise comparison was made (p < 0.05). The ages of 40 years and 70 years appeared to be the milestones marking a change of the pattern. There were significantly higher metastasis free and breast cancer specific survival rates among older women with ER positive tumours while there was no significant difference in the ER negative group according to age. Biological characteristics of BC show a pattern of change with advancing age, where 40 years and 70 years appear as important milestones. The pattern suggests <40 years as the phase with aggressive phenotypes, >70 years as the less aggressive phase and 40–70 years being the transitional phase.

scholarly journals Synovium-Synovial Fluid Axis in Osteoarthritis Pathology: A Key Regulator of the Cartilage Degradation Process

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Dhanashri Ingale ◽  
Priya Kulkarni ◽  
Ali Electricwala ◽  
Alpana Moghe ◽  
Sara Kamyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Inflammatory Microenvironment ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Inflammatory Milieu

Failure of conventional anti-inflammatory therapies in osteoarthritis (OA) underlines the insufficient knowledge about inflammatory mechanisms, patterns and their relationship with cartilage degradation. Considering non-linear nature of cartilage loss in OA, a better understanding of inflammatory milieu and MMP status at different stages of OA is required to design early-stage therapies or personalized disease management. For this, an investigation based on a synovium-synovial fluid (SF) axis was planned to study OA associated changes in synovium and SF along the progressive grades of OA. Gene expressions in synovial-biopsies from different grades OA patients (N = 26) revealed a peak of IL-1β, IL-15, PGE2 and NGF in early OA (Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade-I and II); the highest MMP levels were found in advanced stages (KL grade-III and IV). MMPs (MMP-1, 13, 2 and 9) abundance and FALGPA activity estimated in forty SFs of progressive grades showed the maximum protein levels and activity in KL grade-II and III. In an SF challenge test, SW982 and THP1 cells were treated with progressive grade SFs to study the dynamics of MMPs modulation in inflammatory microenvironment; the test yielded a result pattern, which matched with FALGPA and the protein-levels estimation. Inflammatory mediators in SFs served as steering factor for MMP up-regulation. A correlation-matrix of IL-1β and MMPs revealed expressional negative correlation.

scholarly journals Comparison of Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for FIGO2018 Stage IIIC1 Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Masahiro Kagabu ◽  
Takayuki Nagasawa ◽  
Shunsuke Tatsuki ◽  
Yasuko Fukagawa ◽  
Hidetoshi Tomabechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Radical Hysterectomy ◽  
Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Advanced Stages

Background and Objectives: In October 2018, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) revised its classification of advanced stages of cervical cancer. The main points of the classification are as follows: stage IIIC is newly established; pelvic lymph node metastasis is stage IIIC1; and para-aortic lymph node metastasis is stage IIIC2. Currently, in Japan, radical hysterectomy is performed in advanced stages IA2 to IIB of FIGO2014, and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is recommended for patients with positive lymph nodes. However, the efficacy of CCRT is not always satisfactory. The aim of this study was to compare postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) and postoperative CCRT in stage IIIC1 patients. Materials and Methods: Of the 40 patients who had undergone a radical hysterectomy at Iwate Medical University between January 2011 and December 2016 and were pathologically diagnosed as having positive pelvic lymph nodes, 21 patients in the adjuvant CT group and 19 patients in the postoperative CCRT group were compared. Results: The 5 year survival rates were 77.9% in the CT group and 74.7% in the CCRT group, with no significant difference. There was no significant difference in overall survival or progression-free survival between the two groups. There was no significant difference between CT and CCRT in postoperative adjuvant therapy in the new classification IIIC1 stage. Conclusions: The results of the prospective Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (JGOG) 1082 study are pending, but the present results suggest that CT may be a treatment option in rural areas where radiotherapy facilities are limited.

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